Article Dans Une Revue Geophysical Research Letters Année : 2026

Meridional Dipole in Eddy Activity Along Peruvian Coast During Eastern Pacific El Niño Events

Résumé

Mesoscale oceanic eddies ((100)km) play a key role in regulating climate by affecting the transport of heat and water mass properties. However, most climate models struggle to simulate these eddies due to coarse horizontal resolution. Using a 120‐year ultra‐high‐resolution simulation with 1/10 horizontal ocean resolution, conducted with the Community Earth System Model, this study examines how eddy activity off Peru changes during Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events. The model shows a meridional dipole in eddy activity during EP El Niño, with increased energy north of ∼14S and decreased energy to the south, matching satellite‐data except for the extreme 1997/1998 El Niño. This pattern is caused by baroclinic instabilities linked to El Niño‐driven changes in the equatorial undercurrent. The study also finds a nonlinear relationship between the strength of the dipole pattern and El Niño‐related equatorial influences, providing new insights into the equatorial oceanic teleconnection along the coast of Peru.

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hal-05597045 , version 1 (20-04-2026)

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Carlos Conejero, Boris Dewitte, Axel Timmermann, Sun‐seon Lee, Véronique Garçon, et al.. Meridional Dipole in Eddy Activity Along Peruvian Coast During Eastern Pacific El Niño Events. Geophysical Research Letters, 2026, 53 (8), ⟨10.1029/2026GL121906⟩. ⟨hal-05597045⟩
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