B. Jones, S. Krueger, D. Howell, B. Meinecke, and S. Dunn, Robotic mitral valve repair: a community hospital experience, Tex Heart Inst J, vol.32, issue.2, pp.143-149, 2005.

H. Rininsland, Basics of robotics and manipulators in endoscopic surgery

H. Awad, R. Wolf, and G. Gravlee, The future of robotic cardiac surgery, Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, vol.16, issue.4
DOI : 10.1053/jcan.2002.125155

A. Kypson, L. Nifong, W. Chitwood, and J. , Robotic Cardiac Surgery, Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants, vol.13, issue.6, pp.451-64, 2003.
DOI : 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.v13.i6.30

A. Calafiore, G. Giammarco, G. Teodori, G. Bosco, D. Annunzio et al., Left anterior descending coronary artery grafting via left anterior small thoracotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.61, issue.6, pp.1658-63, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-4975(96)00187-7

M. Pompili, J. Stevens, T. Burdon, L. Siegel, W. Peters et al., Port-access mitral valve replacement in dogs, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.112, issue.5, pp.1268-74, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5223(96)70140-X

G. Wimmer-greinecker, H. Deschka, T. Aybek, S. Mierdl, A. Moritz et al., Current status of robotically assisted coronary revascularization, The American Journal of Surgery, vol.188, issue.4, pp.76-82, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.08.007

G. Czibik, D. Ancona, G. Donias, H. Karamanoukian, and H. , Robotic cardiac surgery: Present and future applications, Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, vol.16, issue.4, pp.495-501, 2002.
DOI : 10.1053/jcan.2002.125129

R. Rayman, Robot-Assisted Cardiac Surgery, Surgical Innovation, vol.11, issue.2, pp.73-82, 2004.
DOI : 10.1177/107155170401100203

H. Tabaie, J. Reinbolt, W. Graper, T. Kelly, and M. Connor, Endoscopie corcnary artery bypass graft (ECABG) procedure with robotic assistance, Heart Surg Forum, vol.2, issue.4, pp.310-315, 1999.

E. Coste-maniere, L. Adhami, F. Mourgues, and A. Carpentier, Planning, simulation, and augmented reality for robotic cardiac procedures: The STARS system of the ChIR team, Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.15, issue.2, pp.141-56, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1043-0679(03)70022-7

A. Carpentier, D. Loulmet, B. Aupecle, J. Kieffer, D. Tournay et al., Chirurgie ?? c??ur ouvert assist??e par ordinateur. Premier cas op??r?? avec succ??s, Comptes Rendus de l'Acad??mie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie, vol.321, issue.5, pp.437-479, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0764-4469(98)80309-0

A. Carpentier, D. Loulmet, B. Aupecle, A. Berrebi, and J. Relland, Computer-assisted cardiac surgery, The Lancet, vol.353, issue.9150, pp.379-80, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74952-7

U. Kappert, R. Cichon, S. Tugtekin, and S. Schueler, Closed chest coronary artery bypass on the beating heart, Heart Surg Forum, vol.4, issue.1, pp.89-90, 2001.

R. Cichon, U. Kappert, J. Schneider, . Schramm-1, V. Gulielmos et al., Robotic-enhanced arterial revascularization for multivessel coronary artery disease, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.70, issue.3
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01802-6

U. Kappert, J. Schneider, R. Cichon, V. Gulielmos, K. Matschke et al., Wrist-enhanced instrumentation: moving toward totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.70, issue.3, pp.1105-1113, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01801-4

U. Kappert, J. Schneider, R. Cichon, V. Gulielmos, S. Tugtekin et al., Development of robotic enhanced endoscopic surgery for the treatment of coronary artery disease, Circulation, vol.104, issue.12, pp.1102-1109, 2001.

T. Vassiliades and J. , Technical aids to performing thoracoscopic roboticallyassisted internal mammary artery harvesting, Heart Surg Forum, vol.5, issue.2, pp.119-143, 2002.

A. Garcia-ruiz, M. Gagner, J. Miller, C. Steiner, and J. Hahn, Manual vs Robotically Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery in the Performance of Basic Manipulation and Suturing Tasks, Archives of Surgery, vol.133, issue.9, pp.957-61, 1998.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.133.9.957

V. Falk, J. Gummert, T. Walther, M. Hayase, G. Berry et al., Quality of computer enhanced totally endoscopic coronary bypass graft anastomosis ??? comparison to conventional technique1, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.6, issue.3, pp.260-264, 1999.
DOI : 10.1097/00019509-199606000-00001

W. Boyd, N. Desai, B. Kiaii, R. Rayman, A. Menkis et al., A comparison of robot-assisted versus manually constructed endoscopic coronary anastomosis, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.70, issue.3, pp.839-881, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01738-0

T. Aybek, S. Dogan, E. Andressen, S. Mierdl, K. Westphal et al., Robotically enhanced totally endoscopic right internal thoracic coronary artery bypass to the right coronary artery, Heart Surg Forum, vol.3, issue.4, pp.322-326, 2000.

U. Kappert, R. Cichon, J. Schneider, . Schramm-1, and S. Schuler, Closed chest bilateral mammary artery grafting in double-vessel coronary artery disease, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.70, issue.5, pp.1699-701, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)02007-5

R. Budde, R. Meijer, P. Bakker, C. Borst, and P. Grundeman, Endoscopic localization and assessrnent of coronary arteries by 13 MHz epicardial ultrasound

W. Trapp and R. Bisarya, Placement of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Without Pump Oxygenator, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.19, issue.1, pp.1-9, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(10)65725-6

F. Laborde, . Abdelmeguid-1, and A. Piwnica, Aortocoronary bypass without extracorporeal circulation: why and when?, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.3, issue.2, pp.152-156, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/1010-7940(89)90094-8

G. Kakos, T. Williams, and J. , Reoperative coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass, Coronary artery bypass without cardiopulmonary bypass, pp.1085-91486, 1992.

E. Buffolo, J. Branco, L. Gerola, L. Aguiar, C. Teles et al., Off-Pump Myocardial Revascularization: Critical Analysis of 23 Years??? Experience in 3,866 Patients, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.81, issue.1, pp.85-94, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.07.032

V. Falk, A. Diegeler, T. Walther, S. Jacobs, J. Raumans et al., Total endoscopic off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, Heart Surg Forum, vol.3, issue.1, pp.29-31, 2000.

U. Kappert, R. Cichon, J. Schneider, V. Gulielmos, T. Ahrnadzade et al., Technique of closed chest coronary artery surgery on the beating heart, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.20, issue.4, pp.765-774, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1010-7940(01)00859-4

F. Farhat, A. S. Blanc, P. Jegaden, and O. , Totally endoscopic off-pump bilateral internal thoracic artery bypass grafting, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.26, issue.4, pp.845-852, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.05.058

V. Falk, T. Walther, H. Stein, S. Jacobs, C. Walther et al., Facilitated endoscopic beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting using a magnetic coupling device, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.126, issue.5, pp.1575-1584, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5223(03)00793-1

C. Byhahn, S. Mierdl, D. Meininger, G. Wimmer-greinecker, G. Matheis et al., Hemodynamics and gas exchange during carbon dioxide insufflation for totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.71, issue.5, pp.1496-501, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02428-6

E. Mirzabeigi, C. Johnson, and A. Ternian, One-Lung Anesthesia Update, Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, vol.95, issue.1, pp.213-239, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.10.058

S. Mierdl, C. Byhahn, S. Dogan, T. Aybek, G. Wimmer-greinecker et al., Segmental wall motion abnormalities during telerobotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting Endoscopic exposure and stabilization of posterior and inferior branches using the endo-starfish cardiac positioner and the endo-octopus stabilizer for closed-chest beating heart multivessel CABG: hemodynamic changes in the pig, Anesth Analg Circulation, vol.94108, issue.49 1, pp.774-80, 2002.

V. Subramanian, N. Patel, N. Patel, and D. Loulmet, Robotic Assisted Multivessel Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass With Port-Access Stabilization and Cardiac Positioning: Paving the Way for Outpatient Coronary Surgery?, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.79, issue.5, pp.1590-1596, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.10.067

S. Srivastava, S. Gadasalli, M. Agusala, R. Kolluru, J. Naidu et al., Use of bilateral interna1 thoracic arteries in CABG through lateral thoracotomy with robotic assistance in 150 patients Hybrid cardiac revascularization using a totally closed-chest robotic technology and a percutaneous transluminal coronary dilatation, Ann Thorac Surg Heart Surg Forum, vol.813, issue.2, pp.800-6119, 2000.

G. Angelini, P. Wilde, T. Salerno, G. Bosco, and A. Calafiore, Integrated left small thoracotomy and angioplasty for multivessel coronary artery revascularisation, The Lancet, vol.347, issue.9003, pp.757-765, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)90107-5

E. Hannan, M. Racz, G. Walford, R. Jones, T. Ryan et al., Long-Term Outcomes of Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting versus Stent Implantation, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.352, issue.21, pp.2174-83, 2005.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa040316

L. Nalysnyk, K. Fahrbach, M. Reynolds, S. Zhao, and S. Ross, Adverse events in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) trials: a systematic review and analysis, Heart, vol.89, issue.7, pp.767-72, 2003.
DOI : 10.1136/heart.89.7.767

G. Friedrich, P. Jonetzko, N. Bonaros, T. Schachner, M. Danzmayr et al., Hybrid Coronary Artery Revascularization: Logistics and Program Development, The Heart Surgery Forum, vol.8, issue.4, pp.258-61, 2005.
DOI : 10.1532/HSF98.20051134

S. Raja, Drug-Eluting Stents and the Future of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Facts and Fiction, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.81, issue.3, pp.1162-71, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.08.002

B. Kiaii, R. Mcclure, W. Kostuk, R. Rayrnan, S. Swinamer et al., Concurrent Robotic Hybrid Revascularization Using an Enhanced Operative Suite, Chest, vol.128, issue.6, pp.4046-4054, 2005.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.128.6.4046

V. Falk, T. Walther, R. Autschbach, A. Diegeler, R. Battellini et al., Robot-assisted minimally invasive solo mitral valve operation, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.115, issue.2, pp.470-471, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70295-8

URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5223(98)70295-8

W. Chitwood, J. Nifong, L. Elbeery, J. Chapman, W. Albrecht et al., Robotic mitral valve repair: Trapezoidal resection and prosthetic annuloplasty with the da Vinci Surgical System, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.120, issue.6, pp.1171-1173, 2000.
DOI : 10.1067/mtc.2000.110177

A. Kypson, J. Felger, L. Nifong, W. Chitwood, and J. , Robotics in valvular surgery: 2003 and beyond, Current Opinion in Cardiology, vol.19, issue.2, pp.128-161, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/00001573-200403000-00011

W. Chitwood and J. , Current Status of Endoscopic and Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.79, issue.6, pp.2248-53, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.02.079

W. Chitwood, J. Kypson, A. Nifong, and L. , Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery: A Technologic and Economic Revolution for Heart Centers, The American Heart Hospital Journal, vol.195, issue.1, pp.30-39, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00000658-200110000-00007

A. Tatooles, P. Pappas, P. Gordon, and M. Slaughter, Minimally invasive mitral valve repair using the da Vinci robotic system, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.77, issue.6, pp.1978-82, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.11.024

C. Reade, C. Bower, D. Maziarz, A. Conquest, Y. Sun et al., Sutureless robot-assisted mitral valve repair: an animal model, Heart Surg Forum, vol.6, issue.4, pp.254-261, 2003.

J. Felger, C. Reade, L. Nifong, W. Chitwood, and J. , Robot-assisted sutureless minimally invasive mitral valve repair, Surg Technol Int, vol.12, pp.185-192, 2004.

T. Folliguet, F. Vanhuyse, X. Constantin0, M. Realli, and F. Laborde, Mitral valve repair robotic versus sternotomy???, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.29, issue.3, pp.362-368, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejcts.2005.12.004

M. Sobieski, M. Slaughter, D. Hart, P. Pappas, and A. Tatooles, Peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass with modified assisted venous drainage and transthoracic aortic crossclamp: optimal management for robotic mitral valve repair, Perfusion, vol.18, issue.5, pp.307-318, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)02458-9

T. Folliguet, F. Vanhuyse, D. Magnano, and F. Laborde, Robotic Aortic Valve Replacement: Case Report, The Heart Surgery Forum, vol.7, issue.6, pp.551-554, 2004.
DOI : 10.1532/HSF98.20041025

T. Folliguet, F. Vanhuyse, Z. Konstantinos, and F. Laborde, Early experience with robotic aortic valve replacement, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.28, issue.1, pp.172-175, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejcts.2005.03.021

URL : https://academic.oup.com/ejcts/article-pdf/28/1/172/17778364/28-1-172.pdf

R. Sharony, E. Grossi, P. Saunders, C. Schwartz, G. Ribakove et al., Propensity score analysis of a six-year experience with minimally invasive isolated aortic valve replacement, J Heart Valve Dis, vol.13, issue.6, pp.887-93, 2004.

J. Ruurda, W. Wisselink, M. Cuesta, H. Verhagen, and I. A. Broeders, Robotassisted versus standard videoscopic aortic replacement. A comparative study in pigs
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.01.009

URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.01.009

D. Nio, J. Diks, M. Linsen, M. Cuesta, C. Gracia et al., Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Aortobifemoral Bypass for Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease: Early Clinical Experience, European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, vol.29, issue.6, pp.586-90, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejvs.2005.01.006

URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2005.01.006

L. Killewich, L. Cindrick-pounds, and G. Gomez, Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Aortic Reconstruction for Occlusive Disease, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, vol.5, issue.1, pp.83-90, 2004.
DOI : 10.1067/mva.2002.128312

Y. Alimi, Laparoscopie aortic surgery: recent development in instrumentation

L. Torracca, G. Ismeno, and O. Alfieri, Totally endoscopic atrial septal defect closure using robotic techniques: report of two cases, Ital Heart J, vol.1, issue.10, pp.698-701, 2000.

L. Torracca, G. Ismeno, and O. Alfieri, Totally endoscopic computer-enhanced atrial septal defect closure in six patients, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.72, issue.4, pp.1354-1361, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02990-3

L. Torracca, G. Ismeno, A. Quarti, and O. Alfieri, Totally endoscopic atrial septal defect closure with a robotic system: experience with seven cases, Heart Surg Forum, vol.5, issue.2, pp.125-132, 2002.

G. Wimmer-greinecker, S. Dogan, T. Aybek, M. Khan, S. Mierdl et al., Totally endoscopic atrial septal repair in adults with computer-enhanced telemanipulation, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.126, issue.2, pp.465-473, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5223(03)00053-9

J. Morgan, J. Peacock, T. Kohmoto, M. Garrido, B. Schanzer et al., Robotic techniques improve quality of life in patients undergoing atrial septal defect repair, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.77, issue.4, pp.1328-1361, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.044

W. Feinberg, J. Blackshear, A. Laupacis, R. Kronmal, and R. Hart, Prevalence, age distribution, and gender of patients with atrial fibrillation. Analysis and implications, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.155, issue.5, pp.469-73, 1995.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.155.5.469

J. Cox, R. Schuessler, D. Agostino, H. , J. Stone et al., The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. III. Development of a definitive surgical procedure, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, vol.101, issue.4, pp.569-83, 1991.

J. Derose, J. Kypson, and A. , Robotic arrhythmia surgery and resynchronization, The American Journal of Surgery, vol.188, issue.4
DOI : 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.08.001

D. Loulmet, N. Patel, N. Patel, W. Frumkin, F. Santoni-rugiu et al., First robotic endoscopic epicardial isolation of the pulmonary veins with microwave energy in a patient in chronic atrial fibrillation, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.78, issue.2, pp.24-29, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.03.076

G. Gerosa, R. Bianco, G. Buja, and F. Di-marco, Totally endoscopic robotic-guided pulmonary veins ablation: an alternative method for the treatment of atrial fibrillation???, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.26, issue.2
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.04.043

M. Garrido, M. Williams, and M. Argenziano, Minimally Invasive Surgery for Atrial Fibrillation:. Toward a Totally Endoscopic, Beating Heart Approach, Journal of Cardiac Surgery, vol.5, issue.3, pp.216-236, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01993-9

G. Bolotin, A. Kypson, L. Nifong, W. Chitwood, and J. , Robotically-Assisted Left Atrial Fibrillation Ablation and Mitral Valve Repair Through a Right Mini-Thoracotomy, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.78, issue.4, pp.63-67, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.12.093

C. Reade, J. Johnson, G. Bolotin, W. Freund, J. Jenkins et al., Combining Robotic Mitral Valve Repair and Microwave Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Techniques and Initial Results, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.79, issue.2, pp.480-484, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.07.078

D. Farwell, N. Patel, A. Hall, S. Ralph, and A. Sulke, How many people with heart failure are appropriate for biventricular resynchronization?, European Heart Journal, vol.21, issue.15, pp.1246-50, 2000.
DOI : 10.1053/euhj.1999.1985

D. Gras, P. Mabo, T. Tang, O. Luttikuis, R. Chatoor et al., Multisite Pacing as a Supplemental Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure: Preliminary Results of the Medtronic Inc. InSync Study, Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol.21, issue.11, pp.2249-55, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb01162.x

C. Alonso, C. Leclercq, F. Allonnes, D. Pavin, F. Victor et al., Six year experience of transvenous left ventricular lead implantation for permanent biventricular pacing in patients with advanced heart failure: technical aspects, Heart, vol.86, issue.4, pp.405-415, 2001.
DOI : 10.1136/heart.86.4.405

J. Derose, J. Belsley, S. Swistel, D. Shaw, R. Ashton et al., Robotically assisted left ventricular epicardial lead implantation for biventricular pacing: the posterior approach, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.77, issue.4, pp.1472-1476, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(03)01159-7

J. Jansens, M. Jottrand, N. Preumont, E. Stoupel, and D. De-canniere, Robotic-enhanced biventricular resynchronization: an alternative to endovenous cardiac resynchronization therapy in chronic heart failure, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol.76, issue.2, pp.413-420, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00435-1

J. Derose, R. Ashton, S. Belsley, D. Swistel, M. Vloka et al., Robotically assisted left ventricular epicardial lead implantation for biventricular pacing, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.41, issue.8, pp.1414-1423, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00252-3

H. Mair, J. Jansens, O. Lattouf, B. Reichart, and S. Dabritz, Epicardial lead implantation techniques for biventricular pacing via left lateral mini-thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracoscopy, and robotic approach, Heart Surg Forum, vol.6, issue.5, pp.412-419, 2003.

J. Morgan, B. Thornton, J. Peacock, K. Hollingsworth, C. Smith et al., Does Robotic Technology Make Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Too Expensive? A Hospital Cost Analysis of Robotic and Conventional Techniques, Journal of Cardiac Surgery, vol.6, issue.3, pp.246-251, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00064-2

W. Chitwood, J. Nifong, L. Chapman, W. Felger, J. Bailey et al., Robotic Surgical Training in an Academic Institution, Annals of Surgery, vol.234, issue.4, pp.475-84, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00000658-200110000-00007

S. Yusuf, D. Zucker, P. Peduzzi, L. Fisher, T. Takaro et al., Effect of coronary artery bypass graft surgery on survival: overview of 10-year results from randomised trials by the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Trialists Collaboration, The Lancet, vol.344, issue.8922, pp.563-70, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91963-1

M. Kuduvalli, N. Newall, A. Stott, A. Grayson, and B. Fabri, Impact of avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary surgery on perioperative cardiac enzyme release and survival, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol.29, issue.5, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejcts.2006.01.041

A. Yamaguchi, H. Endo, K. Kawahito, H. Adachi, and T. Ino, Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting attenuates proinflammatory markers, The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.102, issue.19 Suppl 3, pp.127-159, 2005.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.1997.01430360009002

T. Yamada, R. Ochiai, J. Takeda, H. Kikuchi, M. Ishibashi et al., Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Attenuates Transient Hepatocellular Damage After Myocardial Revascularization, Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, vol.19, issue.5, pp.603-610, 2005.
DOI : 10.1053/j.jvca.2005.02.004

S. Raja and G. Dreyfus, Impact of Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery on Postoperative Bleeding: Current Best Available Evidence, Journal of Cardiac Surgery, vol.6, issue.1, pp.35-41, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bpa.2003.12.004

K. Kettering, O. Dapunt, and F. Baer, Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting: a systernatic review, J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino), vol.45, issue.3, pp.255-64, 2004.

L. Christiaens, L. Mankoubi, D. Coisne, G. Bacque, J. Allal et al., Coronary angiography in octogenarians Therapeutic impact and medium-term follow-up] Interna1 thoracic arterial grafts evaluation by rnultislice CT scan: a preliminary study, al. Robotic-assisted cardiac surgery: anesthetic and postoperative considerations, pp.1125-1128, 1998.

M. Mack, A. Pfister, D. Bachand, R. Emery, M. Magee et al., Comparison of coronary bypass surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with multivessel disease, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol.127, issue.1, pp.167-73, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2003.08.032

J. Bucerius, J. Gummert, T. Walther, N. Do11, V. Falk et al., Predictors of prolonged ICU stay after on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, Intensive Care Medicine, vol.30, issue.1, pp.88-95, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s00134-003-1950-5

G. Davidavicius, V. Praet, F. Mansour, S. Casselman, F. Bartunek et al., Degrieck 1, et al. Hybrid revascularization strategy: a pilot study on the association of robotically enhanced minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery and fractionalflow-reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention, Circulation, vol.112, issue.9, 2005.

A. Guidelines, A report of the American College of Cardiology/Arnerican Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines (Committee on Coronary Angiography) Developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, J Am Coll Cardiol, vol.33, issue.6, pp.1756-824, 1999.

K. Yoo, D. Choi, B. Choi, S. Lim, B. Chang et al., The comparison of the graft patency after coronary artery bypass grafting using coronary angiography and rnultislice computed tomography Coronary artery bypass grafts: assessrnent with multidetector CT in the early and late postoperative settings, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg Radiographies, vol.2425, issue.14, pp.86-91881, 2003.

M. Travin and S. Bergmann, Assessment of myocardial viability, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine, vol.35, issue.1, pp.2-16, 2005.
DOI : 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2004.09.001

M. Madame and U. F. Chir, Cardio-Péd. : Vous avez bénéficié entre, 2001.