H. Kehlet, Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation, British Journal of Anaesthesia, vol.78, issue.5, pp.606-623, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/bja/78.5.606

M. Beaussier, S. Jaber, M. Sebbane, and J. Eledjam, réhabilitation postopératoire / 36-398- A-10, 2010.

M. Beaussier and E. Delva, Rapid recuperation after abdominal surgery. The anesthetist's point of view]. Ann Chir, pp.10-16, 2004.

H. Kehlet and D. Wilmore, Multimodal strategies to improve surgical outcome, The American Journal of Surgery, vol.183, issue.6, pp.630-671, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)00866-8

H. Kehlet and D. Wilmore, Evidence-Based Surgical Care and the Evolution of Fast-Track Surgery, Annals of Surgery, vol.248, issue.2, pp.189-98, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31817f2c1a

L. Bardram, P. Funch-jensen, P. Jensen, M. Crawford, and H. Kehlet, Recovery after laparoscopic colonic surgery with epidural analgesia, and early oral nutrition and mobilisation, The Lancet, vol.345, issue.8952, pp.763-767, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)90643-6

J. Eledjam and E. Viel, Récupération rapide après chirurgie. Rueil -Malmaison, 2007.

J. Wind, S. Polle, P. Fung-kon-jin, C. Dejong, V. Meyenfeldt et al., Systematic review of enhanced recovery programmes in colonic surgery

H. Kehlet, Labat Lecture 2005, Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, vol.31, issue.1, pp.47-52, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/00115550-200601000-00010

H. Kehlet and J. Dahl, Anaesthesia, surgery, and challenges in postoperative recovery, The Lancet, vol.362, issue.9399, pp.1921-1929, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14966-5

M. Torosian, Perioperative Nutrition Support for Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery: Critical Analysis and Recommendations, World Journal of Surgery, vol.23, issue.6, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/PL00012348

M. Braga, L. Gianotti, L. Nespoli, G. Radaelli, D. Carlo et al., Nutritional Approach in Malnourished Surgical Patients, Archives of Surgery, vol.137, issue.2, 2002.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.137.2.174

A. Weimann, M. Braga, L. Harsanyi, A. Laviano, O. Ljungqvist et al., ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including Organ Transplantation, Clinical Nutrition, vol.25, issue.2, pp.224-268, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.015

K. Holte and H. Kehlet, Compensatory fluid administration for preoperative dehydration - does it improve outcome?, Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, vol.70, issue.9, pp.1089-93, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/bja/70.1.6

J. Hausel, J. Nygren, A. Thorell, M. Lagerkranser, and O. Ljungqvist, Randomized clinical trial of the effects of oral preoperative carbohydrates on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, British Journal of Surgery, vol.25, issue.4, pp.415-436, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1996.tb05614.x

M. Svanfeldt, A. Thorell, K. Brismar, J. Nygren, and O. Ljungqvist, Effects of 3 days of 'postoperative' low caloric feeding with or without bed rest on insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects, Clinical Nutrition, vol.22, issue.1, pp.31-39, 2003.
DOI : 10.1054/clnu.2002.0589

L. Wallace, Psychological Preparation as a Method of Reducing the Stress of Surgery, Journal of Human Stress, vol.10, issue.2, pp.62-77, 1984.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291700039684

H. Meridy, Criteria for selection of ambulatory surgical patients and guidelines for anesthetic management : a retrospective study of 1553 cases, Anesth Analg, 1982.

S. Wang, L. Kulkarni, J. Dolev, and Z. Kain, Music and preoperative anxiety : a randomized , controlled study, Anesth Analg, vol.94, issue.6, pp.1489-94, 2002.

J. Klafta and M. Roizen, Current Understanding of Patients??? Attitudes Toward and Preparation for Anesthesia, Anesthesia & Analgesia, vol.83, issue.6, pp.1314-1335, 1996.
DOI : 10.1097/00000539-199612000-00031

T. Bisgaard, B. Klarskov, H. Kehlet, and J. Rosenberg, Preoperative Dexamethasone Improves Surgical Outcome After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Annals of Surgery, vol.238, issue.5, pp.651-60, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/01.sla.0000094390.82352.cb

C. Contant, W. Hop, H. Van-'t-sant, H. Oostvogel, H. Smeets et al., Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery: a multicentre randomised trial, The Lancet, vol.370, issue.9605, pp.2112-2119, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61905-9

K. Guenaga, D. Matos, A. Castro, A. Atallah, and P. Wille-jørgensen, Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, issue.1, p.1544, 2005.

P. Bucher, P. Gervaz, C. Soravia, B. Mermillod, M. Erne et al., Randomized clinical trial of mechanical bowel preparationversus no preparation before elective left-sided colorectal surgery, British Journal of Surgery, vol.43, issue.4, pp.409-423, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/00007611-199111000-00036

A. Mahajna, M. Krausz, D. Rosin, M. Shabtai, D. Hershko et al., Bowel Preparation Is Associated With Spillage of Bowel Contents in Colorectal Surgery, Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, vol.48, issue.8, pp.1626-1657, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s10350-005-0073-1

P. Bucher, B. Mermillod, P. Gervaz, and P. Morel, Mechanical Bowel Preparation for Elective Colorectal Surgery, Archives of Surgery, vol.139, issue.12, pp.1359-64, 2004.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.139.12.1359

P. Bucher, P. Gervaz, and P. Morel, Should preoperative mechanical bowel preparation be abandoned ? Ann Surg, p.662, 2007.
DOI : 10.1097/01.sla.0000259047.43665.04

URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1877038

C. Mariette, A. Alves, S. Benoist, F. Bretagnol, J. Mabrut et al., [Perioperative care in digestive surgery. Guidelines for the French society of digestive surgery (SFCD)

H. Beloeil, réhabilitation postopératoire : les petits moyens sont efficaces ! In : Communications scientifiques MAPAR, 2009.

F. Bretagnol, Y. Panis, E. Rullier, P. Rouanet, S. Berdah et al., Rectal Cancer Surgery With or Without Bowel Preparation, Annals of Surgery, vol.252, issue.5, pp.863-871, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181fd8ea9

H. Kehlet, Postoperative ileus???an update on preventive techniques, Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology, vol.8, issue.10, pp.552-560, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S1015-9584(08)60017-2

M. Vlug, J. Wind, M. Hollmann, D. Ubbink, H. Cense et al., Laparoscopy in Combination with Fast Track Multimodal Management is the Best Perioperative Strategy in Patients Undergoing Colonic Surgery, Annals of Surgery, vol.254, issue.6, pp.868-75, 2011.
DOI : 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31821fd1ce

Y. Camus, E. Delva, and A. Lienhart, hypothermie peropératoire non provoquée chez l'adulte / 36-413-A-10 Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, 2007.

D. Verzilli, S. Jaber, M. Beaussier, and J. Eledjam, Influence des apports hydriques sur la morbidité postopératoire Influence des apports hydriques sur la morbidité postopératoire Influence des apports hydriques sur la morbidité postopératoire. Le praticien en anesthésie réanimation, pp.7-13, 200702.
DOI : 10.1016/s1279-7960(07)90131-x

V. Nisanevich, I. Felsenstein, G. Almogy, C. Weissman, S. Einav et al., Effect of Intraoperative Fluid Management on Outcome after Intraabdominal Surgery, Anesthesiology, vol.103, issue.1, pp.25-32, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-200507000-00008

D. Lobo, K. Bostock, K. Neal, A. Perkins, B. Rowlands et al., Effect of salt and water balance on recovery of gastrointestinal function after elective colonic resection: a randomised controlled trial, The Lancet, vol.359, issue.9320, pp.1812-1820, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08711-1

W. Geerts, D. Bergqvist, G. Pineo, J. Heit, C. Samama et al., Prevention of venous thromboembolism : American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines, Chest, vol.133, issue.6, 2008.

P. Mcaleese and W. Odling-smee, The Effect of Complications on Length of Stay, Annals of Surgery, vol.220, issue.6, pp.740-744, 1994.
DOI : 10.1097/00000658-199412000-00006

F. Bonnet and E. Marret, Influence of anaesthetic and analgesic techniques on outcome after surgery, British Journal of Anaesthesia, vol.95, issue.1, pp.52-60, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/bja/aei038

H. Kehlet, T. Jensen, and C. Woolf, Persistent postsurgical pain: risk factors and prevention, The Lancet, vol.367, issue.9522, pp.1618-1643, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68700-X

T. Bisgaard, B. Klarskov, J. Rosenberg, and H. Kehlet, Factors Determining Convalescence After Uncomplicated Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Archives of Surgery, vol.136, issue.8, pp.917-938, 2001.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.136.8.917

URL : http://archsurg.jamanetwork.com/data/journals/surg/9462/soa0237.pdf

N. Elia, C. Lysakowski, and M. Tramèr, Does Multimodal Analgesia with Acetaminophen, Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs, or Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors and Patient-controlled Analgesia Morphine Offer Advantages over Morphine Alone?, Anesthesiology, vol.103, issue.6, pp.1296-304, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-200512000-00025

R. Parker, B. Holtmann, I. Smith, and P. White, Use of Ketorolac after Lower Abdominal Surgery Effect on Analgesic Requirement and Surgical Outcome, Anesthesiology, vol.80, issue.1, 1994.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-199401000-00005

A. Ferraz, V. Cowles, R. Condon, S. Carilli, F. Ezberci et al., Nonopioid analgesics shorten the duration of postoperative ileus, Am Surg, 1995.

E. Marret, C. Remy, and F. Bonnet, Meta-analysis of epidural analgesiaversus parenteral opioid analgesia after colorectal surgery, British Journal of Surgery, vol.94, issue.6, pp.665-73, 2007.
DOI : 10.7326/0003-4819-135-11-200112040-00010

C. Wu, S. Cohen, J. Richman, A. Rowlingson, G. Courpas et al., Efficacy of Postoperative Patient-controlled and Continuous Infusion Epidural Analgesia versus Intravenous Patient-controlled Analgesia with Opioids, Anesthesiology, vol.103, issue.5
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-200511000-00023

S. Charlton, A. Cyna, P. Middleton, and J. Griffiths, Perioperative transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks for analgesia after abdominal surgery, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, issue.12, p.7705, 2010.

M. Siddiqui, M. Sajid, D. Uncles, L. Cheek, and M. Baig, A meta-analysis on the clinical effectiveness of transversus abdominis plane block, Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, vol.23, issue.1, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jclinane.2010.05.008

J. Dahl and S. Møiniche, Relief of postoperative pain by local anaesthetic infiltration: Efficacy for major abdominal and orthopedic surgery, Pain, vol.143, issue.1, pp.7-11, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pain.2009.02.020

A. Karthikesalingam, S. Walsh, S. Markar, U. Sadat, T. Tang et al., Continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following colorectal surgery: Systematic review and metaanalysis, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.14, issue.34, pp.5301-5306, 2008.
DOI : 10.3748/wjg.14.5301

A. Ben-ari, M. Moreno, J. Chelly, and P. Bigeleisen, Ultrasound-Guided Paravertebral Block Using an Intercostal Approach, Anesthesia & Analgesia, vol.109, issue.5, pp.1691-1695, 2009.
DOI : 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181b72d50

URL : http://pdfs.journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/2009/11000/Ultrasound_Guided_Paravertebral_Block_Using_an.57.pdf?token=method|ExpireAbsolute;source|Journals;ttl|1506894899007;payload|mY8D3u1TCCsNvP5E421JYK6N6XICDamxByyYpaNzk7FKjTaa1Yz22MivkHZqjGP4kdS2v0J76WGAnHACH69s21Csk0OpQi3YbjEMdSoz2UhVybFqQxA7lKwSUlA502zQZr96TQRwhVlocEp/sJ586aVbcBFlltKNKo+tbuMfL73hiPqJliudqs17cHeLcLbV/CqjlP3IO0jGHlHQtJWcICDdAyGJMnpi6RlbEJaRheGeh5z5uvqz3FLHgPKVXJzdOHIHwDOSay4QvwGGy628k7QHORnUuw1bcOcsvKg0ylKNkoRxg0SP7+nhrra1AIyd;hash|dB7u6g/qi8Bm4F/3yOj9PQ==

S. Lewis, H. Andersen, and S. Thomas, Early Enteral Nutrition Within 24??h of Intestinal Surgery Versus Later Commencement of Feeding: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis, Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, vol.323, issue.Suppl 1, pp.569-75, 2009.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.1997.01430290064011

H. Kehlet, Fast-track colorectal surgery, The Lancet, vol.371, issue.9615, pp.791-794, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60357-8

C. Carr, K. Ling, P. Boulos, and M. Singer, Randomised trial of safety and efficacy of immediate postoperative enteral feeding in patients undergoing gastrointestinal resection, BMJ, vol.312, issue.7035, pp.869-71, 1996.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.312.7035.869

M. Soop, G. Carlson, J. Hopkinson, S. Clarke, A. Thorell et al., Randomized clinical trial of the effects of immediate enteral nutrition on metabolic responses to major colorectal surgery in an enhanced recovery protocol, British Journal of Surgery, vol.91, issue.9, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/bjs.4642

F. Carli, N. Mayo, K. Klubien, T. Schricker, J. Trudel et al., Epidural Analgesia Enhances Functional Exercise Capacity and Health-related Quality of Life after Colonic Surgery, Anesthesiology, vol.97, issue.3, pp.540-549, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-200209000-00005

F. Carli and T. Schricker, Modulation of the catabolic response to surgery, Nutrition, vol.16, issue.9, pp.777-80, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0899-9007(00)00385-3

C. Harper and Y. Lyles, Physiology and Complications of Bed Rest, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.314, issue.Suppl, pp.1047-54, 1988.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM198606263142605

M. Cheatham, W. Chapman, S. Key, and J. Sawyers, A Meta-Analysis of Selective Versus Routine Nasogastric Decompression After Elective Laparotomy, Annals of Surgery, vol.221, issue.5, 1995.
DOI : 10.1097/00000658-199505000-00004

R. Nelson, S. Edwards, and B. Tse, Prophylactic nasogastric decompression after abdominal surgery, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, vol.20, issue.4, p.4929, 2007.
DOI : 10.3349/ymj.2002.43.4.451

T. Werawatganon and S. Charuluxanun, Patient controlled intravenous opioid analgesia versus continuous epidural analgesia for pain after intra-abdominal surgery, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, issue.1, p.4088, 2005.

K. Holte and H. Kehlet, Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia ??? effects on surgical stress responses and implications for postoperative nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, vol.21, issue.3, pp.199-206, 2002.
DOI : 10.1054/clnu.2001.0514

C. Schlachta, S. Burpee, C. Fernandez, B. Chan, J. Mamazza et al., Optimizing recovery after laparoscopic colon surgery (ORAL-CS), Surgical Endoscopy, vol.189, issue.12, pp.2212-2221, 2007.
DOI : 10.1001/archsurg.1996.01430160075016

E. Marret, M. Rolin, M. Beaussier, and F. Bonnet, Meta-analysis of intravenous lidocaine and postoperative recovery after abdominal surgery, British Journal of Surgery, vol.352, issue.11, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/bjs.6375

M. Chan and W. Law, Use of Chewing Gum in Reducing Postoperative Ileus After Elective Colorectal Resection: A Systematic Review, Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, vol.50, issue.12, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s10350-007-9039-9

P. Diemunsch and S. , Conférence d'experts -Prise en charge des nausées et vomissements postopératoires. Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.annfar.2008.09.004

URL : http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/14030/1/Diemusch_Conference_dExperts_V.pdf

C. Marx, T. Rasmussen, D. Jakobsen, C. Ottosen, L. Lundvall et al., The effect of accelerated rehabilitation on recovery after surgery for ovarian malignancy, Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, vol.85, issue.4
DOI : 10.1080/00016340500408325

A. Recart, D. Duchene, P. White, T. Thomas, D. Johnson et al., Efficacy and Safety of Fast-Track Recovery Strategy for Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Nephrectomy, Journal of Endourology, vol.19, issue.10, pp.1165-1174, 2005.
DOI : 10.1089/end.2005.19.1165

C. Delaney, V. Fazio, A. Senagore, R. B. Halverson, A. Remzi et al., 'Fast track' postoperative management protocol for patients with high co-morbidity undergoing complex abdominal and pelvic colorectal surgery, British Journal of Surgery, vol.231, issue.11, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00000658-200006000-00009

L. Bardram, P. Funch-jensen, and H. Kehlet, Rapid rehabilitation in elderly patients after laparoscopic colonic resection, British Journal of Surgery, vol.176, issue.11, pp.1540-1545, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00261-X

H. Bouyabrine, E. Jacquet, P. Puche, and F. Navarro, Rapid recuperation after gastrointestinal surgery : what strategies ?]. Ann Chir, pp.7-9, 2004.

T. Schnider and C. Minto, Pharmacokinetic models of propofol for TCI. Anaesthesia, Feb, vol.63, issue.2, pp.206-206, 2008.

D. Fletcher and C. Jayr, Indications for postoperative epidural analgesia] Ann Fr Anesth Reanim, pp.95-124, 2009.

S. Liu, R. Carpenter, D. Mackey, R. Thirlby, S. Rupp et al., Effects of Perioperative Analgesic Technique on Rate of Recovery after Colon Surgery, Anesthesiology, vol.83, issue.4, pp.757-65, 1995.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-199510000-00015

A. Senagore, D. Whalley, C. Delaney, N. Mekhail, H. Duepree et al., Epidural anesthesia-analgesia shortens length of stay after laparoscopic segmental colectomy for benign pathology, Surgery, vol.129, issue.6, pp.672-678, 2001.
DOI : 10.1067/msy.2001.114648

M. Vlug, S. Bartels, J. Wind, D. Ubbink, M. Hollmann et al., Which fast track elements predict early recovery after colon cancer surgery ? Colorectal Dis, pp.1001-1008, 2012.

J. Aldrete, Recovery room scorecard, AORN Journal, vol.19, issue.3, pp.79-83, 1973.
DOI : 10.1097/00007611-197207000-00003

F. Carli and G. Baldini, Fast-track surgery : it is time for the anesthesiologist to get involved ! Minerva Anestesiol, Feb, vol.77, issue.2, pp.227-257, 2011.

J. Maessen, C. Dejong, J. Hausel, J. Nygren, K. Lassen et al., A protocol is not enough to implement an enhanced recovery programme for colorectal resection, British Journal of Surgery, vol.24, issue.2
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM198806163182405

H. Kehlet and T. Mogensen, Hospital stay of 2 days after open sigmoidectomy with a multimodal rehabilitation programme, British Journal of Surgery, vol.84, issue.2, pp.227-257, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/bjs.1800840602

B. Block, S. Liu, A. Rowlingson, A. Cowan, J. Cowan et al., Efficacy of Postoperative Epidural Analgesia, JAMA, vol.290, issue.18, pp.2455-63, 2003.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.290.18.2455

C. Jayr, H. Thomas, A. Rey, F. Farhat, P. Lasser et al., Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Epidural Analgesia Using Bupivacaine and Opioids Versus Parenteral Opioids, ANESTHESIOLOGY, vol.78, issue.4, pp.666-76, 1993.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-199304000-00009

P. Lavand-'homme, D. Kock, M. Waterloos, and H. , Intraoperative epidural analgesia combined with ketamine provides effective preventive analgesia in patients undergoing major digestive surgery, Anesthesiology, vol.103, issue.4, pp.813-833, 2005.

J. Salengros, I. Huybrechts, A. Ducart, D. Faraoni, C. Marsala et al., Different Anesthetic Techniques Associated with Different Incidences of Chronic Post-thoracotomy Pain: Low-Dose Remifentanil Plus Presurgical Epidural Analgesia is Preferable to High-Dose Remifentanil with Postsurgical Epidural Analgesia, Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, vol.24, issue.4, pp.608-624, 2010.
DOI : 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.10.006

B. Finucane, S. Ganapathy, F. Carli, J. Pridham, B. Ong et al., Prolonged Epidural Infusions of Ropivacaine (2 mg/mL) After Colonic Surgery: The Impact of Adding Fentanyl, Anesthesia & Analgesia, vol.92, issue.5, pp.1276-85, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00000539-200105000-00038

S. Thörn, M. Wattwil, G. Lindberg, and J. Säwe, Systemic and central effects of morphine on gastroduodenal motility, Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, vol.265, issue.Suppl, pp.177-86, 1996.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2982.1990.tb00001.x