I. Héparine-cofacteur and . Ii, Tissue factor pathway inhibitor : TFPI. Sous-cutané : SC. Intra-veineux

A. Fronek, M. Criqui, J. Denenberg, and R. Langer, Common femoral vein dimensions and hemodynamics including Valsalva response as a function of sex, age, and ethnicity in a population study, Journal of Vascular Surgery, vol.33, issue.5, pp.1050-1056, 2001.
DOI : 10.1067/mva.2001.113496

G. Lowe, A. Rumley, M. Woodward, C. Morrison, H. Philippou et al., EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COAGULATION FACTORS, INHIBITORS AND ACTIVATION MARKERS: THE THIRD GLASGOW MONICA SURVEY I. ILLUSTRATIVE REFERENCE RANGES BY AGE, SEX AND HORMONE USE, British Journal of Haematology, vol.97, issue.4, pp.775-84, 1997.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.1222936.x

R. Tracy, E. Bovill, D. Yanez, B. Psaty, L. Fried et al., Fibrinogen and Factor VIII, but Not Factor VII, Are Associated With Measures of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly : Results From the Cardiovascular Health Study, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol.15, issue.9, pp.1269-79, 1995.
DOI : 10.1161/01.ATV.15.9.1269

J. Sweeney and L. Hoernig, Age-Dependent Effect on the Level of Factor IX, American Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol.99, issue.6, pp.687-695, 1993.
DOI : 10.1093/ajcp/99.6.687

K. Bauer, L. Weiss, D. Sparrow, P. Vokonas, and R. Rosenberg, Aging-associated changes in indices of thrombin generation and protein C activation in humans. Normative Aging Study., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.80, issue.6, pp.1527-1561, 1987.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI113238

R. Ariens, H. Kohler, M. Mansfield, and P. Grant, Subunit antigen and activity levels of blood coagulation factor XII1 in healthy individuals. Relation to sex, age, smoking, and hypertension, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Bi01, vol.19, pp.20-32, 1999.

Y. Cadroy, D. Pierrejean, B. Fontan, P. Sie, and B. Boneu, Influence of aging on the activity of the hemostatic system: prothrombin fragment 1 +2, thrombin-antithrombin III complexes and D-dimers in 80 healthy subjects with age ranging from 20 to 94 years, Nouv Rev Fr, vol.34, pp.43-49, 1992.

D. Mari, P. Mannucci, R. Coppola, B. Bottasso, K. Bauer et al., Hypercoagulability in centenarians: the paradox of successful aging, Blood, vol.85, pp.3144-3153, 1995.

C. Pieper, K. Rao, M. Cunie, T. Harris, and H. Chen, Age, Functional Status, and Racial Differences in Plasma D-Dimer Levels in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.163, issue.6, pp.649-657, 2000.
DOI : 10.1084/jem.163.6.1363

P. Sakkinen, M. Cushman, B. Psaty, B. Rodriguez, R. Boineau et al., Relationship of Plasmin Generation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Elderly Men and Women, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol.19, issue.3, pp.499-504, 1999.
DOI : 10.1161/01.ATV.19.3.499

G. Dolan, K. Neal, P. Cooper, P. Brown, and F. Preston, Protein C, antithrombin III and plasminogen: effect of age, sex and blood group, British Journal of Haematology, vol.70, issue.4, pp.798-803, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00278781

J. Mehta, P. Mehta, D. Lawson, and T. Saldeen, Plasma tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor levels in coronary artery disease: Correlation with age and serum triglyceride concentrations, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.9, issue.2, pp.263-271, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/S0735-1097(87)80373-X

K. Yamamoto, K. Takeshita, T. Kojima, J. Takamatsu, and H. Saito, Aging and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) regulation: implication in the pathogenesis of thrombotic disorders in the elderly, Cardiovascular Research, vol.66, issue.2, pp.276-85, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.11.013

K. Schatteman, F. Goossens, S. Scharpe, H. Neels, and D. Hendriks, Assay of procarboxypeptidase U, a novel determinant of the fibrinolytic cascade, in human plasma, Clin Chem, vol.45, issue.40, pp.807-820, 1999.

F. Anderson, J. Wheeler, H. Goldberg, R. Hosmer, D. Patwardhan et al., A Population-Based Perspective of the Hospital Incidence and Case-Fatality Rates of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.151, issue.5, pp.933-941, 1991.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.1991.00400050081016

P. Hansson, J. Sorbo, and H. Eriksson, Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism After Deep Vein Thrombosis, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.160, issue.6, pp.769-74, 2000.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.160.6.769

URL : http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/data/journals/intemed/11960/ioi90010.pdf

W. Geerts, J. Heit, G. Clagett, C. Pineo, C. Colwell et al., Prevention of venous thromboembolism, Chest, vol.1, issue.1, pp.19-132, 2001.

J. Heit, M. Silverstein, D. Mohr, T. Petterson, O. Fallon et al., Risk Factors for Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.160, issue.6, pp.809-824, 2000.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.160.6.809

F. Lapostolle, V. Surget, S. Borron, M. Desmaizieres, D. Sordelet et al., Severe Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Air Travel, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.345, issue.11, pp.779-83, 2001.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa010378

E. Oger and P. Scarabin, Assessment of the Risk for Venous Thromboembolism Among Users of Hormone Replacement Therapy, Drugs & Aging, vol.14, issue.1, pp.55-61, 1999.
DOI : 10.2165/00002512-199914010-00004

T. Simon, B. Yon-de-jonage-canonico, E. Oger, D. Wahl, J. Conard et al., Indicators of lifetime endogenous estrogen exposure and risk of venous thromboembolism, Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, vol.85, issue.1, pp.7-8, 2006.
DOI : 10.1161/01.CIR.101.8.841

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00688975

C. Straczek, E. Oger, Y. De-jonage-canonico, M. Plu-bureau, J. Conard et al., Prothrombotic Mutations, Hormone Therapy, and Venous Thromboembolism Among Postmenopausal Women: Impact of the Route of Estrogen Administration, Circulation, vol.112, issue.22, pp.3495-500, 2005.
DOI : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.565556

F. Rickles and R. Edwards, Activation of blood coagulation in cancer: Trousseau's syndrome revisited, Blood, vol.62, issue.50, pp.14-17, 1983.

L. Andersson, T. Barrowcliffe, E. Holmer, E. Johnson, and G. Sims, Anticoagulant properties of heparin fractionated by affinity chromatography on matrix-bound antithrombin III and by gel filtration, Thrombosis Research, vol.9, issue.6, pp.575-83, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0049-3848(76)90105-5

M. Samama, Pharmacologie des héparines de bas poids inoléculaire, Medeclne Thérapeutique, vol.2, issue.52, pp.395-402, 1996.

R. Linhardt and N. Gunay, Production and chemical processing of iow molecular weight heparins, Semin Thromb Hemost, vol.25, pp.5-16, 1999.

A. Wood, Low molecular weight heparins, N Engl J Med, vol.337, pp.688-98, 1997.

J. Bergrnann and E. Neuhart, A multicenter randomized double-blind study of enoxaparin compared with unfiactionated heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolic disease in elderly in-patients bedridden for an acute medical illness. The Enoxaparin in Medicine Study Group, Thromb Haemost, vol.76, pp.529-563, 1996.

F. Kleber, C. Witt, C. Flosbach, . The-prince-study, and . Group, Study to compare the efficacy and safety of the LMWH enoxaparin and standard heparin in the prevention of thromboembolic events in medical patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, Ann Hematol, vol.76, 1998.

E. Lechler, W. Schrarnm, and C. Flosbach, The venous thrombotic risk in non-surgical patients: epidemiological data and efficacyJsafety profile of a low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin). The Prime Study Group, Haemostasis, vol.26, issue.2, pp.49-56, 1996.

P. Mismetti, S. Laporte-simitsidis, B. Tardy, M. Cucherat, A. Buchrnuller et al., Prevention of venous thromboembolism in interna1 medicine with unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparins: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials, Thromb Haemost, vol.83, pp.14-23, 2000.

L. Jacobs, Prophylactic Anticoagulation for Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Geriatric Patients, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.31, issue.(S, pp.1472-1480, 2003.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.31.11.2563

W. Geerts, G. Pineo, J. Heit, D. Bergqvist, M. Lassen et al., Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism, Chest, vol.126, issue.3, pp.338-400, 2004.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.126.3_suppl.338S

M. Laposata, D. Green, E. Van-cott, T. Barrowcliffe, S. Goodnight et al., College of American Pathologists Conference XXXI on laboratory monitoring of anticoagulant therapy: the clinical use and laboratory monitoring of low-molecularweight heparin, danaparoid, hirudin and related compounds, and argatroban, Arch Pathol Lab Med, vol.122, pp.799-807, 1998.

B. Boneu, V. Faruel-bille, D. Pierrejean, and A. Gabaig, Limitations of the chronometric assays to determine plasma antifactor Xa activity during low molecular weight heparin therapy, Nouv Rev F r, vol.33, issue.64, pp.287-91, 1991.

H. Nieuwenhuis, J. Albada, J. Banga, and J. Sixma, Identification of risk factors for bleeding during treatment of acute venous thromboembolism with heparin or low molecular weight heparin, Blood, vol.78, issue.65, pp.2337-2380, 1991.

M. Legrain and C. Jacobs, Chronic renal insufficiency. A permanent public health problem, Bull Acad Nat1 Med, vol.183, pp.1-1, 1999.

A. Levey, K. Eckardt, Y. Tsukamoto, A. Levin, J. Coresh et al., Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: A position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), Kidney International, vol.67, issue.6, pp.2089-100, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00365.x

C. Hsu, E. Vittinghoff, F. Lin, and M. Shlipak, The Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease Is Increasing Faster than the Prevalence of Chronic Renal Insufficiency, Annals of Internal Medicine, vol.141, issue.2, pp.95-101, 2004.
DOI : 10.7326/0003-4819-141-2-200407200-00007

M. Kessler, L. Frimat, V. Panescu, and S. Briancon, Impact of nephrology referral on early and midterm outcomes in ESRD: EPid??miologie de l???Insuffisance REnale chronique terminale en Lorraine (EPIREL): results of a 2-year, prospective, community-based study, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.42, issue.3, pp.474-85, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00805-9

L. Schainuck, G. Striker, R. Cutler, and E. Benditt, Structural-fünctional correlations in renal disease. II. The correlations, Hum Pathol, vol.1, issue.71, pp.63-64, 1970.

H. Smith, Diseases of the kidney and urinary tract In: The kidney: structure and functionin health and disease, pp.836-887

H. Smith, Measurment of the filtration rate In: The kidney: structure and function in health and disease, pp.39-62

E. Poggio, X. Wang, T. Greene, F. Van-lente, and P. Hall, Performance of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and Cockcroft-Gault Equations in the Estimation of GFR in Health and in Chronic Kidney Disease, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.16, issue.2, pp.459-66, 2005.
DOI : 10.1681/ASN.2004060447

M. Froissart and J. Rossert, How to improve estimation of renal fünction in the elderly?, Rev Prat, vol.55, issue.76, pp.2223-2232, 2005.

J. Verhave, P. Fesler, J. Ribstein, G. Du-cailar, and A. Mimran, Estimation of Renal Function in Subjects With Normal Serum Creatinine Levels: Influence of Age and Body Mass Index, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol.46, issue.2, pp.233-274, 2005.
DOI : 10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.05.011

C. Clase, A. Garg, and B. Kiberd, Prevalence of Low Glomerular Filtration Rate in Nondiabetic Americans: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.13, issue.5, pp.1-3, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/01.ASN.0000013291.78621.26

@. Loos, S. Briancon, L. Frimat, B. Hanesse, and M. Kessler, Effect of End-Stage Renal Disease on the Quality of Life of Older Patients, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.341, issue.Suppl 3, pp.229-262, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/0140-6736(93)93003-J

E. Pautas, V. Siguret, M. Urso, M. Laurent, P. Gaussem et al., Surveillance d???un traitement par la tinzaparine ?? dose curative pendant dix jours chez le sujet ??g??, La Revue de M??decine Interne, vol.22, issue.2, pp.120-126, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0248-8663(00)00301-5

O. Bellot, J. H-d-r-e-u-x, and V. Siguret, Safety profile of tinzaparin administered once daily at a standard curative dose in two hundred very elderly patients, Drug Saf, vol.25, pp.725-758, 2002.

V. Siguret, E. Pautas, M. Fevrier, C. Wipff, B. Durand-gasselin et al., Elderly patients treated with tinzaparin (Innohep) administered once daily (1 75 anti- Xa IU/kg): anti-Xa and anti-IIa activities over 10 days, Thromb Haemost, vol.84, pp.800-804, 2000.

P. Mismetti, S. Laporte-simitsidis, C. Navarro, P. Sie, P. Dlazemar et al., Aging and venous thromboembolism influence the pharrnacodynamics of the antifactor Xa and anti-thrombin activities of a low molecular weight heparin (nadroparin), Thromb Haemost, vol.79, pp.1-162, 1998.

N. Kucher, A. Leizorovicz, P. Vaitkus, A. Cohen, A. Turpie et al., Efficacy and Safety of Fixed Low-Dose Dalteparin in Preventing Venous Thromboembolism Among Obese or Elderly Hospitalized Patients, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.165, issue.3, pp.6534-6535, 2005.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.165.3.341

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00427868

V. Delisle, A. Sultan-alfonsi, J. Souchet, M. Gardembas, and M. Zandecki, Reactive thrombocytosis at risk for thrombosis, Paris), vol.58, pp.508-519, 2000.

M. Griessharnmer, M. Bangerter, T. Sauer, R. Wennauer, L. Bergrnann et al., Aetiology and clinical significance of thrombocytosis: analysis of 732 patients with an elevated platelet count, Jlntern Med, vol.1245, pp.999295-300

T. Pearson, 1 Diagnosis and classification of erythrocytoses and thrombocytoses, Bailli??re's Clinical Haematology, vol.11, issue.4, pp.695-720, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80035-8

M. Corti, J. Guralnik, M. Salive, and J. Sorkin, Serum Albumin Level and Physical Disability as Predictors of Mortality in Older Persons, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.272, issue.13, pp.1036-1078, 1994.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1994.03520130074036

E. Breeze, R. Clarke, M. Shipley, M. Marmot, and A. Fletcher, Cause-specific mortality in old age in relation to body mass index in middle age and in old age: follow-up of the Whitehall cohort of male civil servants, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.35, issue.1, pp.169-78, 2006.
DOI : 10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00025

L. Bara, F. Boutitie, M. Samama, A. Cohen, S. Combe et al., Correlation of plasma coagulation parameters with treatment, patients characteristics and outcome in the MEDENOX trial (abstract P2306), Thromb Haemost, vol.200, issue.1