, The oxygen converter (basic oxygen furnace) we chose to study is the one used in the steel factory of Avilés (Spain), where this internship took place, pp.1493-1673

?. Mno and -. , ? MgCO3-c: (290): ? MgO-c: (298-2100):? Na2O, Al2O3, 3 SiO2-c, albite: (273-1373):Na2O, Al2O3, vol.3, pp.1725-1903

?. No-g, , pp.317-373

?. P2o5, , vol.4

?. and R. , , pp.368-392

?. So2-g, , pp.298-523

. Si-c, , pp.523-1995

?. Sio2-c, SiO2-c, quartz, ?: (848-1873): SiO2-c, cristobalite, ?: (273-523): SiO2-c, cristobalite, ?, pp.523-1973

?. Ti and -. ,

, The figure below shows the number of publications per year during the period from 1940 to 1992. Obviously the articles I am going to present here are those I used for my study but I'd like to mention the article of Göran Wall,-Bibliography on exergy?, where about 2034 documents about exergy are listed. I will put this article in my references and for those who are interested I can transfer it to them. Certain articles are confidential documents of ArcelorMittal so they don, References Many articles have been written about exergy throughout the last decades

, We chose to put them in the report anyway because maybe some professionals working in the energy field can have access to these references and thus better understand our work, Some references figuring within the report itself do not appear in this references part because we weren't able to find them

. Web-libre,

B. Abou-khalil, Méthodologie d'analyses énergétique et exergétique des procédés de transformation de produits dans l'industrie (a method for energy and exergy analyses of product transformation processes in industry)/Mines ParisTech Ed n°432 :-Sciences des métiers de l'ingénieur?, 2008.

S. Adam, M. Claeys, D. Legrand, and A. Trouillaud, , 2009.

T. Akiyama, E. Kasai, K. Oikawa, T. Shimada, and J. Yagi, Thermodynamic analysis of thermochemical recovery of high temperature wastes, 1999.

T. Akiyama, N. Okinaka, and T. Nomura, Waste heat transportation system, using phase change material (PCM) from steelworks to chemical plant, 2009.

T. Akiyama and J. Yagi, Storage of thermal energy for effective use of waste heat from industries/ Institute for Advanced Materials Processing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol.48, p.793, 1995.

M. Alaphilippe, P. Stouffs, and F. Strub, Analyse énergétique et exergétique d'une installation de microcogénération solaire/SFT-Journée exergie, 2008.

J. J. Arribas, R. Llera, J. Uche, S. Uson, and A. Valero, Engineering application of exergy analysis: gas recovery system in steel industry, 1417.

A. Bejan, M. Moran, and G. Tsatsaronis, /Thermal design & optimization/WileyInterscience 1st edition, 1995.

R. Benelmir, M. Feidt, and A. Lallemand, Analyse exergétique/Reference, vol.8015, 2002.

R. Benelmir, Analyse exergétique et irréversibilités/Nancy université-Université Henri-Poincaré LERMAB-Equipe énergétique et procédés, Journée société française de thermique-exergie : structuration et optimisation des systèmes?, 2008.

G. Béranger, G. Henry, and G. Sanz, , pp.10-1994, 1994.

B. Berthon, Exergy analysis/Internship report (personal document of ArcelorMittal-Confidential), 2010.

K. Blok, J. De-beer, and E. Worrell, Future technologies for energy-efficient iron and steelmaking/Energy Environment, vol.23, p.123, 1998.

L. Borel and F. Favrat, Thermodynamique et énergétique-1. De l'énergie à l'exergie/Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, PPUR; édition revue et augmentée, 2005.

J. A. Caton, On the destruction of availability (exergy) due to combustion processes-with specific application to internal-combustion engines, vol.25, pp.1097-1117, 2000.

R. Clift, T. Jackson, and P. Michaelis, Exergy analysis of the life cycle of steel/Centre for Environmental Strategy, vol.23, p.213, 1998.

L. Connelly and C. P. Koshland, Two aspects of consumption: using an exergy-based measure of degradation to advance the theory and implementation of industrial ecology/Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol.19, p.199, 1997.

M. M. Costa, R. Schaeffer, and E. Worrell, Exergy accounting of energy and materials flows in steel production systems, vol.384, p.363, 2001.

Y. Dai, L. Gao, and J. Wang, /Exergy analyses and parametric optimizations for different cogeneration power plants in cement industry, 2008.

L. De and . Toba, Proceso Siderúrgico Factorías de Avilés y Gijón/Manual de proceso, Compuesto e impreso en Grafinsa, 2006.

I. Dincer, M. Kanoglu, and M. A. Rosen, /Role of exergy in increasing efficiency and sustainability and reducing environmental impact, 2007.

E. George, Y. Kara, A. Quinqueneau, C. /. Villermaux, and L. Touquet, /CFD-Zones, un outil de dimensionnement et d'optimisation des installations industrielles à hautes températures/Congrès français de thermique, SFT2010, 2010.

R. Gicquel, / Analyses quantitatives : Bilans énergétiques et exergétiques/Activités pédagogiques avec Thermoptim, méthodologie d'optimisation, 2002.

G. Heyen, Analyse exergétique des systèmes industriels/Université de Liege faculté des sciences appliquées, 2000.

, /Modélisation physico-chimique de la filière classique de production d'acier pour l'analyse de l, 2006.

M. Jiang and Y. Min, Exergy analysis and optimization of ladle furnace refining process/School of Materials and Metallurgy, ScienceDirect Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, vol.28, p.24, 2010.

A. Lallemand, /Thermodynamique appliquée-Bilans entropiques et exergétiques/Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon, FRANCE, Techniques de l'ingénieur, 2005.

L. Pierrès, N. Luo, and L. , Analyse exergétique de différents systèmes passifs et actifs de chauffage et de rafraîchissement pour l'habitat/IBPSA France 2006 à La Réunion, p.73376, 2006.

L. Bourget-du-lac and . Cedex, , 2006.

A. Messelink, Exergy Analysis Hot Strip Mill 2/Utrecht University, Corus, Research report, 2007.

S. A. Nebra and M. Modesto, Applied thermal engineering-Exergoeconomic analysis of the power generation system using blast furnace and coke oven gas in a brazilian steel mill/ATE 2706, 2007.

M. A. Rosen, I. Dincer, and M. Kanoglu, Role of exergy in increasing efficiency and sustainability and reducing environmental impact/Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, 2000.

P. Szklarek, Construction métallique/Université du Havre

G. Wall, /Exergy flows in industrial processes/Physical Resource Theory Group, vol.13, p.197, 1988.

G. Wall, /Bibliography on exergy/Solhemsgatan, vol.46, pp.46-77

, Other references

. Ceren-(centre-d, Etudes et de Recherches économiques sur l'Energie)/Guide de l'énergie dans l'industrie

E. Commission/, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, Sustainable Production and Consumption Unit, Draft Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for the Production of Iron and Steel/Directorate-general JRC (Joint Research Centre), 2009.

, IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)/2001/Best available techniques reference document on the production of iron and steel, 2001.

, Chapitre V-Modélisation physico-chimique du convertisseur à oxygène et du laminoir à chaud pour l

, Vademecum-Outils sidérurgiques (personal document of ArcelorMittal)