,
Classification de Lublin et Reingold, 1996. ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
Activité et progression, concepts non exclusifs ,
Formes progressives actives: revue de littérature ,
Formes progressives actives: perspectives thérapeutiques ,
,
,
,
,
, , p.61
, , p.61
,
,
Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: The 2013 revisions ,
, Neurology, vol.83, issue.3, pp.278-86, 2014.
Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: Implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination, Annals of Neurology, vol.47, issue.6, pp.707-724, 2000. ,
MRI contrast uptake in new lesions in relapsing-remitting MS followed at weekly intervals, Neurology, vol.60, issue.4, pp.640-646, 2003. ,
Relapses and disability accumulation in progressive multiple sclerosis, Neurology, vol.84, issue.1, pp.81-89, 2015. ,
Relapses in patients with secondary progressive MS: a matter of disease duration or age?, 7th Joint ECTRIMS-ACTRIMS Meeting, 2017. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01715985
Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: the relationship between short-term MRI activity and clinical features, Brain, vol.121, pp.225-256, 1998. ,
MRI dynamics of brain and spinal cord in progressive multiple sclerosis, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.60, issue.1, pp.15-24, 1996. ,
Major differences in the dynamics of primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, vol.29, issue.1, pp.53-62, 1991. ,
Serial Contrast-Enhanced MR in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Varying Levels of Disability, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, vol.18, pp.1549-1556, 1997. ,
Correlations between monthly enhanced MRI lesion rate and changes in T2 lesion volume in multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, vol.43, issue.3, pp.332-341, 1998. ,
Exploratory treatment trials in multiple sclerosis using MRI: sample size calculations for relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive subgroups using placebo controlled parallel groups, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.64, issue.1, pp.50-55, 1998. ,
Does MRI lesion activity regress in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis? Mult Scler, 2010. ,
Ocrelizumab versus Placebo in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01793440
, N Engl J Med, vol.376, issue.3, pp.209-229, 201719.
Rituximab in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter trial, Ann Neurol, vol.66, issue.4, pp.460-71, 2009. ,
Siponimod versus placebo in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (EXPAND): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 study. The Lancet, vol.391, pp.1263-73, 2018. ,
Natural history of multiple sclerosis in a population-based cohort, European Journal of Neurology, vol.15, issue.9, pp.916-937, 2008. ,
Estimating the prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis in the Lorraine region, France, by the capture-recapture method, Mult Scler, vol.18, issue.9, pp.1244-50, 2012. ,
EDMUS, a European database for multiple sclerosis, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.55, issue.8, pp.671-677, 1992. ,
New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines for research protocols ,
, Ann Neurol, vol.13, issue.3, pp.227-258, 1983.
Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, 2001. ,
Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the "McDonald Criteria, Ann Neurol, vol.58, issue.6, pp.840-846, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1002/ana.22366
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3084507?pdf=render
Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis, 2010. ,
, Ann Neurol, vol.69, issue.2, pp.292-302, 2011.
Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS), Neurology, vol.33, issue.11, pp.1444-52, 1983. ,
The clinico-radiological paradox in multiple sclerosis revisited, Curr Opin Neurol, vol.15, issue.3, pp.239-284, 2002. ,
Sex as a determinant of relapse incidence and progressive course of multiple sclerosis ,
, Brain, vol.136, pp.3609-3626, 2013.
Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis, N Engl J Med, vol.343, issue.20, pp.1430-1438, 2000. ,
Does MR spectroscopy of normal-appearing cervical spinal cord in patients with multiple sclerosis have diagnostic value in assessing disease progression? A prospective comparative analysis, Clin Radiol, 2018. ,
The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study 10: relapses and long-term disability, Brain, vol.133, pp.1914-1943, 2010. ,
,
, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.79, issue.12, pp.1368-74, 2008.
Prevalence and mortality of patients with multiple sclerosis in France in 2012: a study based on French health insurance data, Journal of Neurology, vol.264, issue.6, pp.1185-92, 2017. ,
National estimate of multiple sclerosis incidence in France, 2001. ,
, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.18, issue.8, pp.1108-1123, 2012.
Gender as a prognostic factor and its impact on the incidence of multiple sclerosis in Lorraine, France, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol.286, issue.1-2, pp.14-21, 2009. ,
Geographic variations of multiple sclerosis in France, Brain, vol.133, issue.7, pp.1889-99, 2010. ,
Regional variations in the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in French farmers, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.78, issue.7, pp.707-716, 2006. ,
Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis, Revue Neurologique, vol.172, issue.1, pp.3-13, 2016. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01255824
Change of Demographic Data over time in Multiple Sclerosis.The Lyon Multiple Sclerosis Cohort Experience, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.14 ,
Environmental risk factors and multiple sclerosis: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses ,
, The Lancet Neurology, vol.14, pp.263-73, 2015.
National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis*. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: Results of an international survey, Neurology, vol.46, issue.4, pp.907-918, 1996. ,
Course and prognosis of multiple sclerosis assessed by the computerized data processing of 349 patients, Brain, vol.103, issue.2, pp.281-300, 1980. ,
Multiple sclerosis with a progressive course from onset in Lorraine-Eastern France, Journal of Neurology, vol.254, issue.10, pp.1370-1375, 2007. ,
The Prognostic Value of Initial Relapses on the Evolution of Disability in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Neuroepidemiology, vol.27, issue.1, pp.45-54, 2006. ,
Prognostic factors in a multiple sclerosis incidence cohort with twenty-five years of follow-up, Brain, vol.116, issue.1, pp.117-151, 1993. ,
Natural history comparisons of primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis reveals differences and similarities, Journal of Neurology, vol.256, issue.3, pp.374-81, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s00415-009-0039-7
The natural history of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.81, issue.9, pp.1039-1082, 2010. ,
Prognostic factors for progression of disability in the secondary progressive phase of multiple sclerosis, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol.206, issue.2, pp.135-142, 2003. ,
Timing of birth and disease progression in multiple sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.14, issue.6, pp.793-801, 2008. ,
Course and prognosis of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: Results of an epidemiological study ,
, Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, vol.78, issue.1, pp.10-15, 1988.
Age at onset determines the occurrence of the progressive phase of multiple sclerosis, Neurology, vol.68, issue.10, pp.779-81, 2007. ,
Progression in multiple sclerosis: Further evidence of an age dependent process, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2007. ,
Natural history of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis, Mult Scler, vol.14, issue.3, pp.314-338, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1177/1352458507084264
Diagnostic uncertainty during the transition to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis ,
Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald criteria, Annals of Neurology, vol.69, issue.2, pp.292-302, 2011. ,
MRI criteria for multiple sclerosis in patients presenting with clinically isolated syndromes: a multicentre retrospective study. The Lancet Neurology, vol.6, pp.677-86, 2007. ,
Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria, Lancet Neurol, vol.17, issue.2, pp.162-73, 2018. ,
Defining secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, Brain, vol.139, issue.9, pp.2395-405, 2016. ,
Aspects cliniques, physiopathologiques, et thérapeutiques de la sclérose en plaques ,
Risk of relapse phenotype recurrence in multiple sclerosis ,
, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.20, issue.11, pp.1511-1533, 2014.
Pathology of Demyelinating Diseases. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, vol.7, pp.185-217, 2012. ,
Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: Implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination, Annals of Neurology, vol.47, issue.6, pp.707-724, 2000. ,
Clinical and pathological insights into the dynamic nature of the white matter multiple sclerosis plaque: Dynamic Nature of MS Plaque, Annals of Neurology, vol.78, issue.5, pp.710-731, 2015. ,
Blood-brain barrier disruption in multiple sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.9, issue.6, pp.540-549, 2003. ,
Remyelination In Multiple Sclerosis, International Review of Neurobiology, vol.79, pp.589-620 ,
Remyelination is extensive in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients ,
, Brain, vol.129, issue.12, pp.3165-72, 2006.
Acute axonal injury in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with demyelination and inflammation, Brain, vol.123, issue.6, pp.1174-83, 2000. ,
Axonal Transection in the Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis ,
, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.338, issue.5, pp.278-85, 1998.
Axonal loss in the pathology of MS: consequences for understanding the progressive phase of the disease, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol.206, issue.2, pp.165-71, 2003. ,
Time-series analysis of MRI intensity patterns in multiple sclerosis, NeuroImage, vol.20, issue.2, pp.1193-209, 2003. ,
MRI contrast uptake in new lesions in relapsing-remitting MS followed at weekly intervals, Neurology, vol.60, issue.4, pp.640-646, 2003. ,
Black holes in multiple sclerosis: definition, evolution, and clinical correlations: Black holes in MS ,
, Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, vol.122, issue.1, pp.1-8, 2009.
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: sequential enhanced MR imaging vs clinical findings in determining disease activity, American Journal of Roentgenology, vol.159, issue.5, pp.1041-1048, 1992. ,
Magnetization transfer changes in the normal appearing white matter precede the appearance of enhancing lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis, Annals of Neurology, vol.43, issue.6, pp.809-823, 1998. ,
Choline is increased in pre-lesional normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis, Journal of Neurology, vol.249, issue.10, pp.1382-90, 2002. ,
Natural history of multiple sclerosis: a unifying concept, Brain, vol.129, issue.3, pp.606-622, 2006. ,
Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. The Lancet Neurology, vol.7, pp.1139-51, 2008. ,
Cognitive Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis ,
, , vol.16, pp.445-55, 2002.
The incidence and prevalence of psychiatric disorders in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review ,
, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.21, issue.3, pp.305-322, 2015.
Compston D a. S. Urinary, faecal and sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis, J Neurol, vol.246, issue.11, pp.1027-1059, 1999. ,
Sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: II ,
, Mult Scler, vol.5, issue.6, pp.428-459, 1999.
Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS), Neurology, vol.33, issue.11, pp.1444-52, 1983. ,
Development of a multiple sclerosis functional composite as a clinical trial outcome measure ,
, Brain, vol.122, pp.871-82, 1999.
Immunopathology of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis, Annals of Neurology, vol.50, issue.5, pp.646-57, 2001. ,
A histological, histochemical and biochemical study of the macroscopically normal white matter in multiple sclerosis, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol.41, issue.1, pp.81-91, 1979. ,
Pathological abnormalities in the normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis, Neurol Sci, vol.22, issue.2, pp.141-145, 2001. ,
Cortical demyelination and diffuse white matter injury in multiple sclerosis, Brain, vol.128, pp.2705-2717, 2005. ,
Grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis. The Lancet Neurology, vol.7, pp.841-51, 2008. ,
Regional variations in the extent and pattern of grey matter demyelination in multiple sclerosis: a comparison between the cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex, deep grey matter nuclei and the spinal cord, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.80, issue.2, pp.182-189, 2009. ,
Demyelination in the Cerebral Cortex of Multiple Sclerosis Patients, Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, vol.62, issue.7, pp.723-755, 2003. ,
Transected neurites, apoptotic neurons, and reduced inflammation in cortical multiple sclerosis lesions: Cortical Lesions in MS, Annals of Neurology, vol.50, issue.3, pp.389-400, 2001. ,
Intracortical multiple sclerosis lesions are not associated with increased lymphocyte infiltration ,
, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.9, issue.4, pp.323-354, 2003.
Detection of Ectopic B-cell Follicles with Germinal Centers in the Meninges of Patients with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Brain Pathology, vol.14, pp.164-74, 2004. ,
Meningeal B-cell follicles in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis associate with early onset of disease and severe cortical pathology, Brain, vol.130, pp.1089-104, 2007. ,
A Gradient of neuronal loss and meningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis ,
, Ann Neurol, vol.68, issue.4, pp.477-93, 2010.
Meningeal inflammation is not associated with cortical demyelination in chronic multiple sclerosis ,
, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, vol.68, issue.9, pp.1021-1029, 2009.
Axonal damage in acute multiple sclerosis lesions, Brain, vol.120, pp.393-402, 1997. ,
Antibodies to the axolemma-enriched fraction in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, vol.3, issue.6, pp.363-372, 1997. ,
Microglia induce neural cell death via a proximity-dependent mechanism involving nitric oxide, Brain Research, vol.1084, issue.1, pp.1-15, 2006. ,
Acquired channelopathies in nerve injury and MS, Neurology, vol.56, issue.12, pp.1621-1628, 2001. ,
Mitochondrial changes within axons in multiple sclerosis, Brain, vol.132, pp.1161-74, 2009. ,
Unloading kinesin transported cargoes from the tubulin track via the inflammatory c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway, FASEB J, vol.20, issue.14, pp.2573-2578, 2006. ,
The contribution of demyelination to axonal loss in multiple sclerosis, Brain, vol.129, issue.6, pp.1507-1523, 2006. ,
Improved detection of cortical MS lesions with phase-sensitive inversion recovery MRI, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.83, issue.9, pp.877-82, 2012. ,
Postmortem verification of MS cortical lesion detection with 3D DIR, Neurology, vol.78, issue.5, pp.302-310, 2012. ,
A 3-year magnetic resonance imaging study of cortical lesions in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis ,
, Ann Neurol, vol.67, issue.3, pp.376-83, 2010.
Morphology and evolution of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis. A longitudinal MRI study, Neuroimage, vol.42, issue.4, pp.1324-1332, 2008. ,
Detection of cortical inflammatory lesions by double inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis, Arch Neurol, vol.64, issue.10, pp.1416-1438, 2007. ,
Gadolinium-based MRI characterization of leptomeningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis, Neurology, vol.85, issue.1, pp.18-28, 2015. ,
Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement is associated with progression of cortical atrophy in MS: A retrospective, pilot, observational longitudinal study, p.2017 ,
Inflammatory CNS demyelination: histopathologic correlation with in vivo quantitative proton MR spectroscopy, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, vol.20, issue.9, pp.1619-1646, 1999. ,
Use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for monitoring disease progression in multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, vol.36, issue.1, pp.76-82, 1994. ,
Metabolic changes in normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis patients using multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging, Medicine, vol.96, issue.14, p.6534, 2017. ,
Imaging axonal damage of normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis, Brain, 1998. ,
Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in relapsing remitting versus secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, Neurology, vol.53, issue.5, pp.1091-1098, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1212/wnl.53.5.1091
Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability, Ann Neurol, vol.46, issue.5, pp.747-54, 1999. ,
Magnetization transfer ratio measures in normal-appearing white matter show periventricular gradient abnormalities in multiple sclerosis ,
, Brain, vol.138, pp.1239-1285, 2015.
Gray matter atrophy is related to long-term disability in multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, vol.64, issue.3, pp.247-54, 2008. ,
Gray matter atrophy correlates with MS disability progression measured with MSFC but not EDSS ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jns.2009.04.031
, 2):223; author reply, J Neurol Sci, vol.284, issue.1, pp.223-224, 2009.
Early development of multiple sclerosis is associated with progressive grey matter atrophy in patients presenting with clinically isolated syndromes ,
, Brain, vol.127, pp.1101-1108, 2004.
Correlating brain atrophy with cognitive dysfunction, mood disturbances, and personality disorder in multiple sclerosis, J Neuroimaging, vol.14, pp.36-45, 2004. ,
A longitudinal study of MRI-detected atrophy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, J Neurol, vol.257, issue.9, pp.1508-1524, 2010. ,
Central nervous system atrophy and clinical status in multiple sclerosis, J Neuroimaging, vol.14, issue.3, pp.27-35, 2004. ,
Localized atrophy of the thalamus and slowed cognitive processing speed in MS patients ,
, Mult Scler, vol.22, issue.10, pp.1327-1363, 2016.
Thalamic atrophy and cognition in multiple sclerosis, Neurology, vol.69, issue.12, pp.1213-1236, 2007. ,
Correlates of Executive Functions in Multiple Sclerosis Based on Structural and Functional MR Imaging: Insights from a Multicenter Study, Radiology, vol.280, issue.3, pp.869-79, 2016. ,
Relevance of spinal cord abnormalities to clinical disability in multiple sclerosis: MR imaging findings in a large cohort of patients, Radiology, vol.269, issue.2, pp.542-52, 2013. ,
Magnetic resonance imaging measures of brain and spinal cord atrophy correlate with clinical impairment in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, Mult Scler, vol.14, issue.8, pp.1068-75, 2008. ,
Regional cervical cord atrophy and disability in multiple sclerosis: a voxel-based analysis, Radiology, vol.266, issue.3, pp.853-61, 2013. ,
Spinal cord atrophy and in multiple sclerosis over four years: application of a reproducible automated technique in monitoring disease progression in a cohort of the interferon beta-1a (Rebif) treatment trial, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.74, issue.8, pp.1090-1094, 2003. ,
Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: the 2013 revisions, Neurology, vol.83, issue.3, pp.278-86, 2014. ,
Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis, N Engl J Med, vol.343, issue.20, pp.1430-1438, 2000. ,
Relapses and disability accumulation in progressive multiple sclerosis, Neurology, vol.84, issue.1, pp.81-89, 2015. ,
Relapses in patients with secondary progressive MS: a matter of disease duration or age?, 7th Joint ECTRIMS-ACTRIMS Meeting, 2017. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01715985
Benefit of interferon beta-1a on MSFC progression in secondary progressive MS, Neurology, vol.59, issue.5, pp.679-87, 2002. ,
Rituximab in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter trial, Ann Neurol, vol.66, issue.4, pp.460-71, 2009. ,
Comparison of disease activity in SPMS and PPMS in the context of multicenter clinical trials ,
, PLoS ONE, vol.7, issue.10, p.45409, 2012.
Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: the relationship between short-term MRI activity and clinical features, Brain, vol.121, pp.225-256, 1998. ,
MRI dynamics of brain and spinal cord in progressive multiple sclerosis ,
, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.60, issue.1, pp.15-24, 1996.
Major differences in the dynamics of primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, vol.29, issue.1, pp.53-62, 1991. ,
Serial contrast-enhanced MR in patients with multiple sclerosis and varying levels of disability, American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol.18, issue.8, pp.1549-1556, 1997. ,
Correlations between monthly enhanced MRI lesion rate and changes in T2 lesion volume in multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, vol.43, issue.3, pp.332-341, 1998. ,
Exploratory treatment trials in multiple sclerosis using MRI: sample size calculations for relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive subgroups using placebo controlled parallel groups, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.64, issue.1, pp.50-55, 1998. ,
Does MRI lesion activity regress in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis? Mult Scler, vol.16, pp.434-476, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1177/1352458509359726
Interferon beta-1a in primary progressive MS: an exploratory, randomized, controlled trial, Jan, vol.14, issue.1, pp.44-51, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1212/wnl.60.1.44
A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon beta-1b on primary progressive and transitional multiple sclerosis, Mult Scler, 2009. ,
North American Study Group on Interferon beta-1b in Secondary Progressive MS. Interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS:results from a 3-year controlled study, Neurology, vol.63, issue.10, pp.1788-95, 2004. ,
University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis Research Group. The SPECTRIMS Study Group. Randomized controlled trial of interferon-beta-1a in secondary progressive MS: MRI results, Neurology, vol.56, issue.11, pp.1505-1518, 2001. ,
Glatiramer acetate in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: results of a multinational, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Ann Neurol, vol.61, issue.1, pp.14-24, 2007. ,
Oral fingolimod in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (INFORMS): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, vol.387, pp.1075-84, 2016. ,
DOI : 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)01314-8
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01880998
, Subgroup analyses of natalizumab treatment response in ASCEND, a multicenter, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase 3 clinical trial in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), 2016.
The window of therapeutic opportunity in multiple sclerosis: evidence from monoclonal antibody therapy, J Neurol, vol.253, issue.1, pp.98-108, 2006. ,
Double-Blind Controlled Randomized Trial of Cyclophosphamide versus Methylprednisolone in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, PLoS ONE, vol.12, issue.1, p.168834, 2017. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01792762
Ocrelizumab versus Placebo in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ,
DOI : 10.1056/nejmoa1606468
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01793440
, N Engl J Med, vol.376, issue.3, pp.209-229, 201719.
A randomized placebo-controlled phase III trial of oral laquinimod for multiple sclerosis, J Neurol, vol.261, issue.4, pp.773-83, 2014. ,
Placebo-controlled trial of oral laquinimod for multiple sclerosis, N Engl J Med, vol.366, issue.11, pp.1000-1009, 2012. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00826733
Siponimod versus placebo in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (EXPAND):a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 study. The Lancet, vol.391, pp.1263-73, 2018. ,
Lamotrigine for neuroprotection in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial, Lancet Neurol, 2010. ,
Effect of dronabinol on progression in progressive multiple sclerosis (CUPID): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial, Lancet Neurol, vol.12, issue.9, pp.857-65, 2013. ,
Fluoxetine in progressive multiple sclerosis (FLUOX-PMS) ,
, Communication orale ECTRIMS, 2016.
Effect of high-dose simvastatin on brain atrophy and disability in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS-STAT): a randomised ,
, Lancet, vol.383, issue.9936, pp.2213-2234, 2014.
High doses of biotin in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: A pilot study ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01251510
, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, vol.4, pp.159-69, 2015.
MD1003 (high-dose biotin) for the treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Mult Scler, vol.22, issue.13, pp.1719-1750, 2016. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02153440
Safety and efficacy of opicinumab in acute optic neuritis (RENEW): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, Lancet Neurol, vol.16, issue.3, pp.189-99, 2017. ,
Efficacy analysis of opicinumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis: the Phase 2b SYNERGY trial, Communication orale ECTRIMS, 2016. ,
An open label, single arm, phase II futility trial of Domperidone treatment in secondary progressive MS. Results of the first stage of the trial, Communication orale ECTRIMS, 2017. ,
Clemastine fumarate as a remyelinating therapy for multiple sclerosis (ReBUILD): a randomised, controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, Lancet, vol.390, pp.2481-2490, 2017. ,