, La situation périnatale en France en 2010-Premiers résultats de l'enquête nationale périnatale

M. J. Murphy, V. D. Hooper, and E. Sullivan, Identification of risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting in the perianesthesia adult patient, J Perianesth Nurs, vol.21, pp.377-384, 2006.

P. Pan and C. H. Moore, Comparing the efficacy of prophylactic metoclopramide, ondansetron and placebo in cesarean section patients given epidural anesthesia, J Clin Anesth, vol.13, pp.430-435, 2001.

D. Harmon, M. Ryan, A. Kelly, and M. Bowen, Acupressure and prevention of nausea and vomiting during and after spinal anaesthesia for cesarean section

, Br J Anaesth, vol.84, pp.463-467, 2000.

J. Carvalho, M. Cardoso, and E. Capelli, Prophylactic ephedrine during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Dose-response study of bolus and continuous infusion administration, Braz J Anesthesiol (Int), vol.11, pp.32-37, 2000.

E. Abouleish, S. Rashid, S. Haque, A. Giezentanner, P. Joynton et al., Ondansetron versus placebo for the control of nausea and vomiting during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia, Anaesthesia, vol.54, pp.479-482, 1999.

S. Lussos, S. Datta, and A. Bader, The antiemetic efficacy and safety of prophylactic metoclopramide for elective cesarean delivery during spinal anesthesia, Reg Anesth, vol.17, pp.126-130, 1992.

D. Chestnut, G. E. Vandewalker, and C. L. Owen, Administration of metoclopramide for prevention of nausea and vomiting during epidural anesthesia for elective cesarean section, Anesthesiology, vol.66, pp.563-566, 1987.

M. Balki and J. C. Carvalho, Intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean under regional anesthesia, International Journal of Obstertric Anesthesia, vol.14, pp.230-241, 2005.

S. Data, A. M. Ostheimer, and G. W. , Method of ephedrine administration and nausea and hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, Anesthesiology, vol.56, pp.68-70, 1982.

W. Ngankee, K. Khaw, and F. Ng, Comparison of phemylephedrine infusion regimens for maintaining maternal blood pressure during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, Br J Anaesth, vol.92, pp.469-474, 2004.

R. V. Brizgys, P. A. Dailey, S. M. Shnider, D. M. Kotelko, and G. Levinson, The incidence and neonatal effects of maternal hypotension during epidural anesthesia for cesarean section, Anesthesiology, vol.67, pp.782-788, 1987.

M. Siddiqui, E. Goldszmidt, and S. Fallah, Complications of exteriorized compared with in situ uterine repair at cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial, Obstet Gynecol, vol.110, issue.3, pp.570-575, 2007.

S. Alahuhta, T. Kangas-saarela, A. Hollmen, and H. H. Edstrom, Visceral pain during caesarean section under spinal and epidural anaesthesia with bupivacaine, Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, vol.34, pp.95-98, 1990.

D. Jacobs-jokhan and G. Hofmeyr, Extra-abdominal versus intra-abdominal repair of the uterine incision at caesarean section, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, issue.4, p.85, 2004.

, Protocole d'anesthésie utilisé à la Maternité Régionale Universitaire de Nancy en cas de césarienne sous rachianesthésie Césarienne sous rachianesthésie 1. Indications-Césarienne programmée sans vulnérabilité foetale, Urgence avec rythme cardiaque foetal correct ou ayant récupéré, vol.3

, Préparation-CIMETIDINE effervescente 2 comprimés.-Voie veineuse de bon calibre (16 G minimum).-Décubitus latéral gauche 5°-10°.-Scope, PNI, SaO2.-Plateau d'intubation et d'anesthésie prêts, aspiration vérifiée.-Préparation d'EPHEDRINE (3 mg/ml), ATROPINE (0,5 mg), d'un flacon de sérum physiologique de 250 ml contenant 500 µg de NEOSYNEPHRINE

, Installation de l'ALR

, Préférer le décubitus latéral gauche (syndrome cave, souffrance foetale)

, Habillage, lavage des mains avec asepsie chirurgicale

, Il est nécessaire d'obtenir les éléments suivants servis par l'aide :-les anesthésiques locaux, les morphiniques (SUFENTA 2 ml et MORPHINE 1 mg/ml sans conservateur),-la seringue supplémentaire nécessaire de 10 ml, Les plateaux à rachianesthésie sont à usage unique

, Badigeon (voir QS analgésie péridurale en salle de naissance)

. , Introduction du guide biseau parallèle aux fibres de la dure-mère.-Introduction de l'aiguille à rachianesthésie au travers du guide.-Perception de 2 ressauts (ligament jaune puis dure-mère).-Reflux de LCR après retrait du mandrin.-Injection de 8 à 10 mg (10 mg maximum) de BUPIVACAINE hyperbare mélangés à 3 ?g de SUFENTA, ALR combinée).-Anesthésie locale de la peau en L3-L4 ou L4-L5

, Surveillance de l'installation de la rachianesthésie (voir QS ALR combinée)

, The World Health Statistics report 2010. World Health Organization, 2011.

, La situation périnatale en France en 2010-Premiers résultats de l'enquête nationale périnatale

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S. M. Kinsella, A prospective audit of regional anaesthesia failure in 5080 Caesarean sections, Anaesthesia, vol.63, pp.822-854, 2008.

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S. Orbach-zinger, L. Friedman, and A. Avramovich, Risk factors for failure to extend labor epidural analgesia to epidural anesthesia for Cesarean section, Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, vol.50, pp.1014-1022, 2006.

B. L. Sng, Y. Lim, and A. T. Sia, An observational prospective cohort study of incidence and characteristics of failed spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section, Int J Obstet Anesth, vol.1, pp.237-278, 2009.

A. Rukewe, O. K. Adebayo, and A. A. Fatiregun, Incidence of cesarean section and analysis of risk factors for failed conversion of labor epidural to surgical anesthesia: A prospective, observational study in a tertiary care center, J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol, vol.31, issue.4, pp.535-576, 2015.

M. E. Bauer, J. A. Kountanis, and L. C. Tsen, Risk factors for failed conversion of labor epidural analgesia to cesarean delivery anesthesia: a systematic review and metaanalysis of observational trials, Int J Obstet Anesth, vol.21, issue.4, pp.294-309, 2012.

D. C. Campbell and T. Tran, Conversion of epidural labour analgesia to epidural anesthesia for intrapartum Cesarean delivery, Canad J Anesth, vol.56, pp.19-26, 2009.

E. T. Riley and J. Papasin, Epidural catheter function during labor predicts anesthetic efficacy for subsequent cesarean delivery, Int J Obstet Anesth, vol.11, pp.81-85, 2002.
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S. R. Furst and L. S. Reisner, Risk of high spinal anesthesia following failed epidural block for cesarean delivery, J Clin Anesth, vol.7, pp.71-75, 1995.

B. Carvalho, Failed epidural top-up for cesarean delivery for failure to progress in labor: the case against single-shot spinal anesthesia, Int J Obstet Anesth, vol.21, pp.357-366, 2012.

É. Lopard and H. Bouaziz, Medicolegal Implications of Locoregional Anaesthesia Mistakes in Caesarean Deliveries, Douleur analg, vol.29, pp.118-124, 2016.

A. Y. Shalev, What is posttraumatic stress disorder?, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.62, pp.4-10, 2001.

N. Nardi, B. Campillo-gimenez, and S. Pong, Chronic pain after cesarean: Impact and risk factors associated, Ann Fr Anesth Reanim, vol.32, issue.11, pp.772-780, 2013.

E. Khouly, N. I. Meligy, and A. M. , Randomized controlled trial comparing ondensetron and placebo for the reduction of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension during elective cesarean delivery in Egypt, Int J Gynaecol Obstet, vol.135, issue.2, pp.205-209, 2016.

E. I. Abouleish, S. Rashid, S. Haque, and G. , A Ondensetron versus placebo for the control of nausea and vomiting during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, Anesthesia, vol.54, pp.479-482, 1999.

P. Pan and C. H. Moore, Comparing the efficacy of prophylactic metoclopramide, ondensetron and placebo in cesarean section patients given epidural anesthesia, J. Clin Anesth, vol.13, pp.430-435, 2001.

P. Diemunsch, G. P. Joshi, and J. Brichant, Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, Br J Anaesth, vol.103, pp.7-13, 2009.

O. Tarhan, N. Canbay, S. Celebi, A. Uzun, F. Sahin et al., Subhypnotic doses of midazolam prevent nausea and vomiting during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, Minerva Anesthesiol, vol.73, pp.629-662, 2007.

J. Guo, S. Long, H. Li, J. Luo, D. Han et al., Early versus delayed oral feeding for patients after cesarean, Int J Gynaecol Obstet, vol.128, issue.2, pp.100-105, 2015.

K. Shevde and G. Panagopoulos, A survey of 800 patients' knowledge, attitudes, and concerns regarding anesthesia, Anesth Analg, vol.73, pp.190-198, 1991.

C. C. Apfel, K. Zhang, and G. E. , Transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis, ClinTher, vol.32, issue.7, pp.1987-2002, 2010.

M. Balki and J. C. Carvalho, Intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean under regional anesthesia, International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, vol.14, pp.230-241, 2005.

S. Data, A. M. Ostheimer, and G. W. , Method of ephedrine administration and nausea and hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, Anesthesiology, vol.56, pp.68-70, 1982.

W. Ngankee, K. Khaw, and F. Ng, Comparison of phemylephedrine infusion regimens for maintaining maternal blood pressure during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, Br J Anaesth, vol.92, pp.469-474, 2004.

R. V. Brizgys, P. A. Dailey, S. M. Shnider, D. M. Kotelko, and G. Levinson, The incidence and neonatal effects of maternal hypotension during epidural anesthesia for cesarean section, Anesthesiology, vol.67, pp.782-788, 1987.

W. E. Ackerman, M. M. Juneja, and G. W. Colclough, Epidural fentanyl significantly decreases nausea and vomiting during uterine manipulation in awake patients undergoing cesarean section, Anesthesiology, vol.69, p.679, 1988.

J. Dansereau, A. Joshi, and M. Helewa, Double-blind comparison of carbetocin versus oxytocine in prevention of uterine atony after cesarean section, Am J ObstetGynecol, vol.180, pp.670-676, 1990.

J. B. Sartain, J. J. Barry, P. W. Howat, D. I. Mccormack, and M. Bryant, Intravenous oxytocin bolus of 2 units is superior to 5 units during elective Caesarean section, Br J Anaesth, vol.101, pp.822-828, 2008.

A. Borgeat, G. Ekatodramis, and C. A. Schender, Postoperative nausea and vomiting in regional anesthesia, Anesthesiology, vol.98, pp.530-547, 2003.

J. D. Griffiths, G. Gyte, S. Paranjothy, H. C. Brown, H. K. Broughton et al., Interventions for preventing nausea and vomiting in women undergoing regional anaesthesia for caesarean section, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, issue.9, 2012.

A. S. Habib, N. Itchon-ramos, B. G. Phillips-bute, and T. J. Gan, the Duke Women's Anesthesia (DWA) Research Group. Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation with the ReliefBand for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during and after cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia, Anesthesia and Analgesia, vol.102, issue.2, pp.581-585, 2006.

M. Mathai, G. J. Hofmeyr, and N. E. Mathai, Abdominal surgical incisions for caesarean section, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, vol.5, p.4453, 2013.

. The-coronis-collaborative and . Group, Caesarean section surgical techniques (CORONIS): a fractional, factorial, unmasked, randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 2013.

G. J. Hofmeyr, Techniques for caesarean section, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, issue.1, p.4662, 2008.

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C. A. Walsh and S. R. Walsh, Extraabdominal vs intraabdominal uterine repair at cesarean delivery: a metaanalysis, Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol.200, issue.6, pp.625-626, 2009.

V. Zaphiratos, R. B. George, J. C. Boyd, and A. S. Habib, Uterine exteriorization compared with in situ repair for Cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Can J Anaesth, vol.62, issue.11, pp.1209-1229, 2015.
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URL : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs12630-015-0448-2.pdf

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J. V. Vartikar, M. D. Johnson, and S. Datta, Precordial Doppler monitoring and pulse oximetry during cesarean delivery: detection of venous air embolism, Reg Anesth, vol.14, pp.145-153, 1989.
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J. S. Handler and P. R. Bromage, Venous air embolism during cesarean delivery, Reg Anesth, vol.15, pp.170-173, 1990.

I. C. Coutinho, Uterine exteriorization compared with in situ repair at cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial, Obstet Gynecol, vol.111, issue.3, pp.639-686, 2008.

W. El-khayat, M. Elsharkawi, and A. Hassan, A randomized controlled trial of uterine exteriorization versus in situ repair of the uterine incision during cesarean delivery, Int J Gynaecol Obstet, vol.127, issue.2, p.163, 2014.

M. Siddiqui, E. Goldszmidt, and S. Fallah, Complications of exteriorized compared with in situ uterine repair at cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial, Obstet Gynecol, vol.110, issue.3, pp.570-575, 2007.

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. Bj-magni, D. Dyer, &. Van-dyk, and . Van-nugteren, Incidence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting during spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section in two Cape Town state hospitals, Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia, vol.22, issue.5, pp.131-134, 2016.

A. Semiz, Yasam Kemal Akpak , Necip Cihangir Y?lanl?oglu et al. Prediction of intraoperative nausea and vomiting in caesarean delivery under regional anaesthesia, Journal of International Medical Research, vol.45, issue.1, pp.332-339, 2017.

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