E. Barrios, Soil biota, ecosystem services and land productivity, Ecological economics, vol.64, issue.2, pp.269-285, 2007.

K. Baumann, M. F. Dignac, C. Rumpel, G. Bardoux, A. Sarr et al.,

S. F. Bender, C. Wagg, and M. G. Van-der-heijden, An underground revolution: biodiversity and soil ecological engineering for agricultural sustainability, Trends in ecology & evolution, vol.31, issue.6, pp.440-452, 2016.

L. Bernard, P. A. Maron, C. Mougel, V. Nowak, J. Lévêque et al., Contamination of soil by copper affects the dynamics, diversity, and activity of soil bacterial communities involved in wheat decomposition and carbon storage, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00434100

, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.75, issue.23, pp.7565-7569

A. Bissett, A. E. Richardson, G. Baker, and P. H. Thrall, Long-term land use effects on soil microbial community structure and function, Applied Soil Ecology, vol.51, pp.66-78, 2011.

D. C. Coleman and W. B. Whitman, Linking species richness, biodiversity and ecosystem function in soil systems, Pedobiologia, vol.49, issue.6, pp.479-497, 2005.

R. E. Creamer, D. Stone, P. Berry, and I. Kuiper, Measuring respiration profiles of soil microbial communities across Europe using MicroResp? method, Applied soil ecology, vol.97, pp.36-43, 2016.

S. Dequiedt, N. P. Saby, M. Lelievre, C. Jolivet, J. Thioulouse et al.,

P. Bispo, P. Lemanceau, and L. Ranjard, Biogeographical patterns of soil molecular microbial biomass as influenced by soil characteristics and management, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.20, issue.4, pp.641-652, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00698381

A. Don, I. H. Böhme, A. B. Dohrmann, C. Poeplau, and C. C. Tebbe, Microbial community composition affects soil organic carbon turnover in mineral soils, Biology and fertility of soils, vol.53, issue.4, pp.445-456, 2017.

N. Fierer and R. B. Jackson, The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.103, issue.3, pp.626-631, 2006.

N. Fierer, M. A. Bradford, and R. B. Jackson, Toward an ecological classification of soil bacteria, Ecology, vol.88, issue.6, pp.1354-1364, 2007.

S. Fontaine, A. Mariotti, and L. Abbadie, The priming effect of organic matter: a question of microbial competition?, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.35, issue.6, pp.837-843, 2003.

S. Fontaine, G. Bardoux, L. Abbadie, and A. Mariotti, Carbon input to soil may decrease soil carbon content, Ecology letters, vol.7, issue.4, pp.314-320, 2004.

S. Fontaine and S. Barot, Size and functional diversity of microbe populations control plant persistence and long-term soil carbon accumulation, Ecology Letters, vol.8, issue.10, pp.1075-1087, 2005.

S. Fontaine, S. Barot, P. Barré, N. Bdioui, B. Mary et al., Stability of organic carbon in deep soil layers controlled by fresh carbon supply, Nature, vol.450, issue.7167, p.277, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/bioemco-00321884

S. Fontaine, C. Henault, A. Aamor, N. Bdioui, J. M. Bloor et al.,

P. A. Maron, Fungi mediate long term sequestration of carbon and nitrogen in soil through their priming effect, Soil biology and Biochemistry, vol.43, issue.1, pp.86-96, 2011.

K. E. Giller, M. H. Beare, P. Lavelle, A. M. Izac, and M. J. Swift, Agricultural intensification, soil biodiversity and agroecosystem function, Applied soil ecology, vol.6, issue.1, pp.3-16, 1997.

J. M. Gobat, M. Aragno, and W. Matthey, Le sol vivant: bases de pédologie, biologie des sols, vol.14, 2010.

K. Jangid, M. A. Williams, A. J. Franzluebbers, J. S. Sanderlin, J. H. Reeves et al.,

D. M. Endale, D. C. Coleman, and W. B. Whitman, Relative impacts of land-use, management intensity and fertilization upon soil microbial community structure in agricultural systems, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.40, issue.11, pp.2843-2853, 2008.

B. Karimi, N. C. Prevost-bouré, S. Dequiedt, S. Terrat, and L. Ranjard, Atlas français des bactéries du sol, 2018.

M. G. Kibblewhite, K. Ritz, and M. J. Swift, Soil health in agricultural systems, 2007.

, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.363, pp.685-701, 1492.

L. Guillou, C. Angers, D. A. Maron, P. A. Leterme, P. Menasseri-aubry et al., , 2012.

, Linking microbial community to soil water-stable aggregation during crop residue decomposition, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.50, pp.126-133

P. Lemanceau, P. A. Maron, S. Mazurier, C. Mougel, B. Pivato et al.,

C. Revelin, V. Tardy, and D. Wipf, Understanding and managing soil biodiversity: a major challenge in agroecology. Agronomy for sustainable development, vol.35, pp.67-81, 2015.

J. Li, X. Wu, M. T. Gebremikael, H. Wu, D. Cai et al., Response of soil organic carbon fractions, microbial community composition and carbon mineralization to high-input fertilizer practices under an intensive agricultural system, PloS one, vol.13, issue.4, p.195144, 2018.

P. Lienhard, S. Terrat, O. Mathieu, J. Levêque, N. C. Prévost-bouré et al.,

C. Faivre, S. Sayphoummie, K. Panyasiri, F. Tivet, L. Ranjard et al., Soil microbial diversity and C turnover modified by tillage and cropping in Laos tropical grassland, Environmental chemistry letters, vol.11, issue.4, pp.391-398, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00921631

R. J. Manlay, C. Feller, and M. J. Swift, Historical evolution of soil organic matter concepts and their relationships with the fertility and sustainability of cropping systems, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01419614

, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, vol.119, issue.3-4, pp.217-233

P. A. Maron, C. Mougel, and L. Ranjard, Soil microbial diversity: methodological strategy, spatial overview and functional interest, Comptes rendus biologies, vol.334, issue.5-6, pp.403-411, 2011.

P. A. Maron, A. Sarr, A. Kaisermann, J. Lévêque, O. Mathieu et al.,

L. Bernard, S. Dequiedt, S. Terrat, A. Chabbi, and L. Ranjard, High microbial diversity promotes soil ecosystem functioning, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.84, issue.9, pp.2738-2755, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01777535

, Ecosystems and human well-being, vol.5, 2005.

N. Pascault, B. Nicolardot, F. Bastian, P. Thiébeau, L. Ranjard et al., In situ dynamics and spatial heterogeneity of soil bacterial communities under different crop residue management, Microbial ecology, vol.60, issue.2, pp.291-303, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01862583

N. Pascault, L. Ranjard, A. Kaisermann, D. Bachar, R. Christen et al.,

J. Lévêque, C. Mougel, C. Henault, M. Péan, S. Boiry et al.,

P. Lemanceau, Stimulation of different functional groups of bacteria by various plant residues as a driver of soil priming effect, Ecosystems, vol.16, issue.5, pp.810-822, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00847889

N. Perveen, S. Barot, V. Maire, M. F. Cotrufo, T. Shahzad et al.,

W. Ding, M. R. Siddiq, B. Dimassi, B. Mary, and S. Fontaine, Universality of priming effect: An analysis using thirty five soils with contrasted properties sampled from five continents, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.134, pp.162-171, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02172499

C. Poll, S. Marhan, J. Ingwersen, and E. Kandeler, Dynamics of litter carbon turnover and microbial abundance in a rye detritusphere, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.40, issue.6, pp.1306-1321, 2008.

B. K. Singh, R. D. Bardgett, P. Smith, and D. S. Reay, Microorganisms and climate change: terrestrial feedbacks and mitigation options, Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol.8, issue.11, p.779, 2010.

M. Szoboszlay, A. B. Dohrmann, C. Poeplau, A. Don, and C. C. Tebbe, Impact of land-use change and soil organic carbon quality on microbial diversity in soils across Europe, FEMS microbiology ecology, vol.93, issue.12, p.146, 2017.

V. Tardy, Lien entre la diversité microbienne, la stabilité des communautés microbiennes et le turnover des matières organiques du sol, 2014.

V. Tardy, A. Chabbi, X. Charrier, . De, C. Berranger et al.,

C. Terrat, S. Ranjard, L. Maron, and P. A. , Land use history shifts in situ fungal and bacterial successions following wheat straw input into the soil, PLoS One, vol.10, issue.6, p.130672, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01181295

V. Tardy, A. Spor, O. Mathieu, J. Lévêque, S. Terrat et al., Shifts in microbial diversity through land use intensity as drivers of carbon mineralization in soil, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.90, pp.204-213, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01193166

B. C. Thomson, E. Tisserant, P. Plassart, S. Uroz, R. I. Griffiths et al.,

C. Mougel, L. Ranjard, J. A. Van-veen, F. Martin, M. J. Bailey et al., Soil conditions and land use intensification effects on soil microbial communities across a range of European field sites, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.88, pp.403-413, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01269419

Q. Tian, T. Taniguchi, W. Y. Shi, G. Li, N. Yamanaka et al., Land-use types and soil chemical properties influence soil microbial communities in the semiarid Loess Plateau region in China, 2017.

A. Van-der-wal, T. D. Geydan, T. W. Kuyper, and W. De-boer, A thready affair: linking fungal diversity and community dynamics to terrestrial decomposition processes, FEMS microbiology reviews, vol.37, issue.4, pp.477-494, 2013.

J. P. Van-leeuwen, I. Djukic, J. Bloem, T. Lehtinen, L. Hemerik et al., Effects of land use on soil microbial biomass, activity and community structure at different soil depths in the Danube floodplain, European journal of soil biology, vol.79, pp.14-20, 2017.

M. A. Williams, D. D. Myrold, and P. J. Bottomley, Carbon flow from 13C-labeled clover and ryegrass residues into a residue-associated microbial community under field conditions, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.39, issue.3, pp.819-822, 2007.

, Séquences des amorces utilisées pour la qPCR. Les amorces 341F et 515R amplifient le gène de l'ADNr 16S tandis que les amorces FR1 et FF390 amplifient le gène de l'ADNr 18S, vol.2