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            <title xml:lang="en">Léon Millot: A key person who played a key role in the modernization of the winemaking technologies in the late 19th century</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Léon Millot: A key person who played a key role in the modernization of the winemaking technologies in the late 19th century</title>
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              <p>This communication deals with the history of the vine in eastern France with the work of Léon Millot (1847-1917), the founding father of the vine in the Vosges. This man is a key person in the fight against Phylloxera and in the modernization of the winemaking technologies. Our study is based on recently recovered archives which show his actions in favour of vines and winegrowers. It focuses on the role played by La Société Vosgienne de viticulture et d’ampélographie that he created in 1889, in the vinification. Millot’s work has brought new methods and innovations for prevention and treatment of diseases such as Phylloxera, mildew and iodine. He actively shared his knowledge in schools and lectures about grafts and hybrids, about the evolution of winemakers’ practices. In 1875, he published an article in “Le Bulletin de l’Association de viticulture” in which he suggested using plough in the vineyard cultivation. He had just invented a plough that avoided the use of pesticides and that he provided to the local wine growers. In 1902, he published a practical guide entitled « Viticulture et ampélographie vosgiennes». It aimed at sharing knowledge with the winemakers and at encouraging them to modernize their practices. We will also focus on the links that Millot has developed to the research community and on the way the hybrid grape “Léon Millot” was introduced into the United States and other countries at a time when its exploitation had been forbidden in France.</p>
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