In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries
Charles Dorison
(1)
,
Jennifer Lerner
(2)
,
Blake Heller
(2)
,
Alexander Rothman
(3)
,
Ichiro Kawachi
(2)
,
Ke Wang
(2)
,
Vaughan Rees
,
Brian Gill
,
Nancy Gibbs
(2)
,
Charles Ebersole
,
Zahir Vally
,
Zuzanna Tajchman
,
Andras Zsido
,
Mija Zrimsek
,
Zhang Chen
,
Ignazio Ziano
,
Zoi Gialitaki
,
Chris Ceary
,
Yijun Lin
,
Yoshihiko Kunisato
,
Yuki Yamada
,
Qinyu Xiao
,
Xiaoming Jiang
,
Xinkai Du
,
Elvin Yao
,
John Paul Wilson
,
Wilson Cyrus-Lai
,
William Jimenez-Leal
,
Wilbert Law
,
W. Matthew Collins
,
Karley Richard
,
Marek Vranka
,
Vladislav Ankushev
,
Vidar Schei
,
Valerija Križanić
,
Veselina Hristova Kadreva
,
Vera Cubela Adoric
,
Ulrich Tran
,
Siu Kit Yeung
,
Widad Hassan
,
Ralph Houston
,
Tiago Lima
,
Thomas Ostermann
,
Thomas Frizzo
,
Therese Sverdrup
,
Thea House
,
Tripat Gill
,
Maksim Fedotov
,
Tamar Paltrow
,
Teodor Jernsäther
,
Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm
,
Thomas Hostler
,
Tatsunori Ishii
,
Barnabas Szaszi
,
Sylwia Adamus
,
Lilian Suter
,
Sumaiya Habib
,
Anna Studzinska
,
Dragana Stojanovska
,
Steve Janssen
,
Stefan Stieger
,
Stefan Schulenberg
,
Srinivasan Tatachari
,
Soufian Azouaghe
,
Piotr Sorokowski
,
Agnieszka Sorokowska
,
Xin Song
,
Savannah Lewis
,
Sladjana Sinkolova
,
Dmitry Grigoryev
,
Shira Meir Drexler
,
Shimrit Daches
,
Shawn Geniole
,
Selena Vračar
,
Sébastien Massoni
(4)
,
Saša Zorjan
,
Eylül Sarıoğuz
,
Sara Morales Izquierdo
,
Sara Alves
,
Sara Pöntinen
,
Sara Álvarez Solas
,
Santiago Ordoñez-Riaño
,
Sanja Batić Očovaj
,
Sandersan Onie
,
Samuel Lins
,
Sami Çoksan
,
Asli Sacakli
,
Susana Ruiz-Fernández
,
Sandra Geiger
,
Saeideh Fatahmodares
,
Radoslaw Walczak
,
Ruben Betlehem
,
Roosevelt Vilar
,
Rodrigo Cárcamo
,
Robert Ross
,
Randy Mccarthy
,
Tonia Ballantyne
,
Erin Westgate
,
Reza Afhami
,
Dongning Ren
,
Renan Monteiro
,
Ulf-Dietrich Reips
,
Niv Reggev
,
Robert Calin-Jageman
,
Razieh Pourafshari
,
Raquel Oliveira
,
Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova
,
Rima-Maria Rahal
,
Rafael Ribeiro
,
Theda Radtke
,
Rachel Searston
,
Redeate Habte
,
Przemysław Zdybek
,
Sau-Chin Chen
,
Princess Lovella G. Maturan
,
Jennifer Perillo
,
Peder Mortvedt Isager
,
Pavol Kačmár
,
Paulo Manuel Macapagal
,
Paulina Szwed
,
Paul Hanel
,
Paul Forbes
,
Patrícia Arriaga
,
Bastien Paris
,
Konstantinos Papachristopoulos
,
Pablo Sebastián Correa
,
Ondřej Kácha
,
Márcia Bernardo
,
Olatz Campos
,
Olalla Niño Bravo
,
Oscar Galindo-Caballero
,
Chisom Esther Ogbonnaya
,
Olga Bialobrzeska
,
Natalia Kiselnikova
,
Nicolle Simonovic
,
Noga Cohen
,
Nora Nock
,
Niklas Johannes
,
Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir
,
Nicolas Say
,
Nathan Torunsky
,
Natalia van Doren
,
Naoyuki Sunami
,
Nikolay Rachev
,
Nadyanna Majeed
,
Nadya-Daniela Schmidt
,
Khaoula Nadif
,
Nadia Corral-Frías
,
Nihal Ouherrou
,
Myrto Pantazi
,
Marc Lucas
,
Martin Vasilev
,
María Victoria Ortiz
,
Muhammad Mussaffa Butt
,
Muhib Kabir
,
Rafał Muda
,
Maria del Carmen Mc Tejada Rivera
,
Miroslav Sirota
,
Martin Seehuus
,
Michal Parzuchowski
,
Mónica Toro
,
Monika Hricova
,
Mónica Alarcón Maldonado
,
Magdalena Marszalek
,
Maria Karekla
,
Giovanna Mioni
,
Minke Jasmijn Bosma
,
Minja Westerlund
,
Milica Vdovic
,
Michal Bialek
,
Miguel Silan
,
Michele Anne
,
Michal Misiak
,
Maurice Grinberg
,
Mariagrazia Capizzi
,
Mauricio Espinoza Barría
,
Merve Kurfali
,
Michael Mensink
,
Mikayel Harutyunyan
,
Meetu Khosla
,
Max Korbmacher
,
Matúš Adamkovič
,
Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro
,
Maria Terskova
,
Matej Hruška
,
Marcel Martončik
,
Martin Voracek
,
Martin Čadek
,
Martha Frías-Armenta
,
Marta Kowal
,
Marta Topor
,
Marta Roczniewska
,
Marlies Oosterlinck
,
Markéta Braun Kohlová
,
Mariola Paruzel-Czachura
,
Marina Romanova
,
Marietta Papadatou-Pastou
,
Maria Louise Lund
,
Maria Antoniadi
,
Marc Jones
,
Manuel Ortiz
,
Mathi Manavalan
,
Abdumalik Muminov
,
Małgorzata Kossowska
,
Maja Friedemann
,
Magdalena Wielgus
,
Marco Varella
,
Melissa Colloff
,
Maria Bradford
,
Leigh Ann Vaughn
,
Luis Eudave
,
Luc Vieira
,
Lina Maria Sanabria Pineda
,
Laura Calderón Pérez
,
Ljiljana Lazarevic
,
Lisa Jaremka
,
Elizaveta Kushnir
,
Lisa Anton-Boicuk
,
Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho
,
Lina Ahlgren
,
Carmel Levitan
,
Leticia Micheli
,
Leonhard Volz
,
Marija Stojanovska
,
Leanne Boucher
,
Lara Samojlenko
,
Lady Grey Javela Delgado
,
Lada Kaliska
,
Lara Warmelink
,
Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia
,
Karen Yu
,
Jakub Wachowicz
,
Kermeka Desai
,
Krystian Barzykowski
,
Luca Kozma
,
Kortnee Evans
,
Komila Kirgizova
,
Bamikole Emmanuel Agesin
,
Monica Koehn
,
Kelly Wolfe
,
Tatiana Korobova
,
Kristoffer Klevjer
,
Kevin van Schie
,
Kevin Vezirian
,
Kaja Damnjanović
,
Katrine Krabbe Thommesen
,
Kathleen Schmidt
,
Katarzyna Filip
,
Karolina Grzech
,
Karlijn Hoyer
,
Karis Moon
,
Kafeel Rana
,
Kristina Janjić
,
Jordan Suchow
,
Julita Kielińska
,
Julio Cruz Vásquez
,
Julia Beitner
,
Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto
,
Jose Carlos T. Roxas
,
Jennifer Taber
,
Joan Urriago-Rayo
,
Jeffrey Pavlacic
,
Jozef Bavolar
,
José Soto
,
Jonas Olofsson
,
Johannes Vilsmeier
,
Johanna Messerschmidt
,
Johanna Czamanski-Cohen
,
Jordane Boudesseul
,
Jeong Min Lee
,
Julia Kamburidis
,
Janis Zickfeld
,
Jacob Miranda
,
Jeroen Verharen
,
Evgeniya Hristova
,
Julie Beshears
,
Jasna Milošević Đorđević
,
Jasmijn Bosch
,
Jaroslava Varella Valentova
,
Jan Antfolk
,
Jana Berkessel
,
Jana Schrötter
,
Jan Urban
,
Jan Philipp Röer
,
James Norton
,
Jaime Silva
,
Jade Pickering
,
Jáchym Vintr
,
Jim Uttley
,
Jonas Kunst
,
Izuchukwu Ndukaihe
,
Aishwarya Iyer
,
Iris Vilares
,
Aleksandr Ivanov
,
Ivan Ropovik
,
Isabela Sula
,
Irena Sarieva
,
Irem Metin-Orta
,
Irina Prusova
,
Isabel Pinto
,
Andreea Ioana Bozdoc
,
Inês Almeida
,
Ilse Pit
,
Ilker Dalgar
,
Ilya Zakharov
,
Azuka Ikechukwu Arinze
,
Keiko Ihaya
,
Ian Stephen
,
Biljana Gjoneska
,
Hilmar Brohmer
,
Heather Flowe
,
Hendrik Godbersen
,
Halil Emre Kocalar
,
Mattie Hedgebeth
,
Hu Chuan-Peng
,
Mohammadhasan Sharifian
,
Harry Manley
,
Handan Akkas
,
Nandor Hajdu
,
Habiba Azab
,
Gwenael Kaminski
,
Gustav Nilsonne
,
Gulnaz Anjum
,
Giovanni Travaglino
,
Gilad Feldman
,
Gerit Pfuhl
,
Gabriela Czarnek
,
Gabriela Mariana Marcu
,
Gabriela Hofer
,
Gabriel Banik
,
Gabriel Agboola Adetula
,
Gijsbert Bijlstra
,
Frederick Verbruggen
,
Franki Kung
,
Francesco Foroni
,
Gage Singer
,
Fany Muchembled
,
Flavio Azevedo
,
Farnaz Mosannenzadeh
,
Evelina Marinov
,
Eva Štrukelj
,
Zahra Etebari
,
Ernest Baskin
,
Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia
,
Erica Musser
,
I.M.M. van Steenkiste
,
El Rim Ahn
,
Ekaterina Pronizius
,
Emily Jackson
,
Efisio Manunta
,
Elena Agadullina
,
Dušana Šakan
,
Pinar Dursun
,
Olivier Dujols
,
Dmitrii Dubrov
,
Megan Willis
,
Murat Tümer
,
Jennifer Beaudry
,
Dora Popović
,
Daniel Dunleavy
,
Ikhlas Djamai
,
Dino Krupić
,
Diego Vega
,
Hongfei Du
,
Débora Mola
,
William Davis
,
Dawn Liu Holford
,
David Lewis
,
David Vaidis
,
Daphna Hausman Ozery
,
Danilo Zambrano Ricaurte
,
Daniel Storage
,
Daniela Sousa
,
Daniela Serrato Alvarez
,
Anna Dalla Rosa
,
Dajana Krupić
,
Dafne Marko
,
David Moreau
,
Crystal Reeck
,
Rita Correia
,
Cassie Whitt
,
Claus Lamm
,
Claudio Singh Solorzano
,
Claudia von Bastian
,
Clare Am Sutherland
,
Clara Overkott
,
Christopher Aberson
,
Chunhui Wang
,
Christiana Karashiali
,
Chris Noone
,
Faith Chiu
,
Chiara Picciocchi
,
Cemre Karaarslan
,
Nicola Cellini
,
Celia Esteban-Serna
,
Cecilia Reyna
,
Carlota Batres
,
Ranran Li
,
Caterina Grano
,
Joelle Carpentier
,
Christian Tamnes
,
Cynthia H.Y. Fu
,
Byurakn Ishkhanyan
,
Lisa Bylinina
,
Bastian Jaeger
,
Carsten Bundt
,
Tara Bulut Allred
,
Ahmed Bokkour
,
Natalia Bogatyreva
,
William Chopik
,
Benedict Antazo
,
Behzad Behzadnia
,
Maja Becker
,
Beatrice Cocco
,
Wei-Lun Chou
,
Barbora Hubena
,
Barbara Žuro
,
Balazs Aczel
,
Ekaterina Baklanova
,
Hui Bai
,
Busra Bahar Balci
,
Peter Babinčák
,
Barnaby James Wyld Dixson
,
Aviv Mokady
,
Heather Barry Kappes
,
Mohammad Atari
,
Anna Szala
,
Anna Szabelska
,
John Jamir Benzon Aruta
,
Artur Domurat
,
Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze
,
Arianna Modena
,
Arca Adiguzel
,
Arash Monajem
,
Kanza Ait El Arabi
,
Asil Ali Özdoğru
,
Adriana Julieth Olaya Torres
,
Andriana Theodoropoulou
,
Anita Penić Jurković
,
Angelos Kassianos
,
Andrej Findor
,
Andree Hartanto
,
Anais Thibault Landry
,
Ana Ferreira
,
Anabela Caetano Santos
,
Anabel de la Rosa-Gomez
,
Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe
,
Anna Louise Todsen
,
Alper Karababa
,
Allison Janak
,
Alexandre Bran
,
Alexa Tullett
,
Anna Kuzminska
,
Anthony Krafnick
,
Anum Urooj
,
Ahmed Khaoudi
,
Afroja Ahmed
,
Agata Groyecka-Bernard
,
Adrian Dahl Askelund
,
Adeyemi Adetula
,
Anabel Belaus
,
Abdelilah Ca Charyate
,
Aaron Wichman
,
Alina Stoyanova
,
Anna Greenburgh
,
Andrew Thomas
,
Alexios Arvanitis
,
Patrick Forscher
,
Peter Mallik
,
Maximilian Primbs
,
Jeremy Miller
,
Hannah Moshontz
,
Heather Urry
,
Hans Ijzerman
,
Dana Basnight-Brown
,
Christopher Chartier
,
Erin Buchanan
,
Nicholas Coles
(2)
Vaughan Rees
- Function : Author
Brian Gill
- Function : Author
Charles Ebersole
- Function : Author
Zahir Vally
- Function : Author
Zuzanna Tajchman
- Function : Author
Andras Zsido
- Function : Author
Mija Zrimsek
- Function : Author
Zhang Chen
- Function : Author
Ignazio Ziano
- Function : Author
Zoi Gialitaki
- Function : Author
Chris Ceary
- Function : Author
Yijun Lin
- Function : Author
Yoshihiko Kunisato
- Function : Author
Yuki Yamada
- Function : Author
Qinyu Xiao
- Function : Author
Xiaoming Jiang
- Function : Author
Xinkai Du
- Function : Author
Elvin Yao
- Function : Author
John Paul Wilson
- Function : Author
Wilson Cyrus-Lai
- Function : Author
William Jimenez-Leal
- Function : Author
Wilbert Law
- Function : Author
W. Matthew Collins
- Function : Author
Karley Richard
- Function : Author
Marek Vranka
- Function : Author
Vladislav Ankushev
- Function : Author
Vidar Schei
- Function : Author
Valerija Križanić
- Function : Author
Veselina Hristova Kadreva
- Function : Author
Vera Cubela Adoric
- Function : Author
Ulrich Tran
- Function : Author
Siu Kit Yeung
- Function : Author
Widad Hassan
- Function : Author
Ralph Houston
- Function : Author
Tiago Lima
- Function : Author
Thomas Ostermann
- Function : Author
Thomas Frizzo
- Function : Author
Therese Sverdrup
- Function : Author
Thea House
- Function : Author
Tripat Gill
- Function : Author
Maksim Fedotov
- Function : Author
Tamar Paltrow
- Function : Author
Teodor Jernsäther
- Function : Author
Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm
- Function : Author
Thomas Hostler
- Function : Author
Tatsunori Ishii
- Function : Author
Barnabas Szaszi
- Function : Author
Sylwia Adamus
- Function : Author
Lilian Suter
- Function : Author
Sumaiya Habib
- Function : Author
Anna Studzinska
- Function : Author
Dragana Stojanovska
- Function : Author
Steve Janssen
- Function : Author
Stefan Stieger
- Function : Author
Stefan Schulenberg
- Function : Author
Srinivasan Tatachari
- Function : Author
Soufian Azouaghe
- Function : Author
Piotr Sorokowski
- Function : Author
Agnieszka Sorokowska
- Function : Author
Xin Song
- Function : Author
Savannah Lewis
- Function : Author
Sladjana Sinkolova
- Function : Author
Dmitry Grigoryev
- Function : Author
Shira Meir Drexler
- Function : Author
Shimrit Daches
- Function : Author
Shawn Geniole
- Function : Author
Selena Vračar
- Function : Author
Saša Zorjan
- Function : Author
Eylül Sarıoğuz
- Function : Author
Sara Morales Izquierdo
- Function : Author
Sara Alves
- Function : Author
Sara Pöntinen
- Function : Author
Sara Álvarez Solas
- Function : Author
Santiago Ordoñez-Riaño
- Function : Author
Sanja Batić Očovaj
- Function : Author
Sandersan Onie
- Function : Author
Samuel Lins
- Function : Author
Sami Çoksan
- Function : Author
Asli Sacakli
- Function : Author
Susana Ruiz-Fernández
- Function : Author
Sandra Geiger
- Function : Author
Saeideh Fatahmodares
- Function : Author
Radoslaw Walczak
- Function : Author
Ruben Betlehem
- Function : Author
Roosevelt Vilar
- Function : Author
Rodrigo Cárcamo
- Function : Author
Robert Ross
- Function : Author
Randy Mccarthy
- Function : Author
Tonia Ballantyne
- Function : Author
Erin Westgate
- Function : Author
Reza Afhami
- Function : Author
Dongning Ren
- Function : Author
Renan Monteiro
- Function : Author
Ulf-Dietrich Reips
- Function : Author
Niv Reggev
- Function : Author
Robert Calin-Jageman
- Function : Author
Razieh Pourafshari
- Function : Author
Raquel Oliveira
- Function : Author
Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova
- Function : Author
Rima-Maria Rahal
- Function : Author
Rafael Ribeiro
- Function : Author
Theda Radtke
- Function : Author
Rachel Searston
- Function : Author
Redeate Habte
- Function : Author
Przemysław Zdybek
- Function : Author
Sau-Chin Chen
- Function : Author
Princess Lovella G. Maturan
- Function : Author
Jennifer Perillo
- Function : Author
Peder Mortvedt Isager
- Function : Author
Pavol Kačmár
- Function : Author
Paulo Manuel Macapagal
- Function : Author
Paulina Szwed
- Function : Author
Paul Hanel
- Function : Author
Paul Forbes
- Function : Author
Patrícia Arriaga
- Function : Author
Bastien Paris
- Function : Author
Konstantinos Papachristopoulos
- Function : Author
Pablo Sebastián Correa
- Function : Author
Ondřej Kácha
- Function : Author
Márcia Bernardo
- Function : Author
Olatz Campos
- Function : Author
Olalla Niño Bravo
- Function : Author
Oscar Galindo-Caballero
- Function : Author
Chisom Esther Ogbonnaya
- Function : Author
Olga Bialobrzeska
- Function : Author
Natalia Kiselnikova
- Function : Author
Nicolle Simonovic
- Function : Author
Noga Cohen
- Function : Author
Nora Nock
- Function : Author
Niklas Johannes
- Function : Author
Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir
- Function : Author
Nicolas Say
- Function : Author
Nathan Torunsky
- Function : Author
Natalia van Doren
- Function : Author
Naoyuki Sunami
- Function : Author
Nikolay Rachev
- Function : Author
Nadyanna Majeed
- Function : Author
Nadya-Daniela Schmidt
- Function : Author
Khaoula Nadif
- Function : Author
Nadia Corral-Frías
- Function : Author
Nihal Ouherrou
- Function : Author
Myrto Pantazi
- Function : Author
Marc Lucas
- Function : Author
Martin Vasilev
- Function : Author
María Victoria Ortiz
- Function : Author
Muhammad Mussaffa Butt
- Function : Author
Muhib Kabir
- Function : Author
Rafał Muda
- Function : Author
Maria del Carmen Mc Tejada Rivera
- Function : Author
Miroslav Sirota
- Function : Author
Martin Seehuus
- Function : Author
Michal Parzuchowski
- Function : Author
Mónica Toro
- Function : Author
Monika Hricova
- Function : Author
Mónica Alarcón Maldonado
- Function : Author
Magdalena Marszalek
- Function : Author
Maria Karekla
- Function : Author
Giovanna Mioni
- Function : Author
Minke Jasmijn Bosma
- Function : Author
Minja Westerlund
- Function : Author
Milica Vdovic
- Function : Author
Michal Bialek
- Function : Author
Miguel Silan
- Function : Author
Michele Anne
- Function : Author
Michal Misiak
- Function : Author
Maurice Grinberg
- Function : Author
Mariagrazia Capizzi
- Function : Author
Mauricio Espinoza Barría
- Function : Author
Merve Kurfali
- Function : Author
Michael Mensink
- Function : Author
Mikayel Harutyunyan
- Function : Author
Meetu Khosla
- Function : Author
Max Korbmacher
- Function : Author
Matúš Adamkovič
- Function : Author
Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro
- Function : Author
Maria Terskova
- Function : Author
Matej Hruška
- Function : Author
Marcel Martončik
- Function : Author
Martin Voracek
- Function : Author
Martin Čadek
- Function : Author
Martha Frías-Armenta
- Function : Author
Marta Kowal
- Function : Author
Marta Topor
- Function : Author
Marta Roczniewska
- Function : Author
Marlies Oosterlinck
- Function : Author
Markéta Braun Kohlová
- Function : Author
Mariola Paruzel-Czachura
- Function : Author
Marina Romanova
- Function : Author
Marietta Papadatou-Pastou
- Function : Author
Maria Louise Lund
- Function : Author
Maria Antoniadi
- Function : Author
Marc Jones
- Function : Author
Manuel Ortiz
- Function : Author
Mathi Manavalan
- Function : Author
Abdumalik Muminov
- Function : Author
Małgorzata Kossowska
- Function : Author
Maja Friedemann
- Function : Author
Magdalena Wielgus
- Function : Author
Marco Varella
- Function : Author
Melissa Colloff
- Function : Author
Maria Bradford
- Function : Author
Leigh Ann Vaughn
- Function : Author
Luis Eudave
- Function : Author
Luc Vieira
- Function : Author
Lina Maria Sanabria Pineda
- Function : Author
Laura Calderón Pérez
- Function : Author
Ljiljana Lazarevic
- Function : Author
Lisa Jaremka
- Function : Author
Elizaveta Kushnir
- Function : Author
Lisa Anton-Boicuk
- Function : Author
Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho
- Function : Author
Lina Ahlgren
- Function : Author
Carmel Levitan
- Function : Author
Leticia Micheli
- Function : Author
Leonhard Volz
- Function : Author
Marija Stojanovska
- Function : Author
Leanne Boucher
- Function : Author
Lara Samojlenko
- Function : Author
Lady Grey Javela Delgado
- Function : Author
Lada Kaliska
- Function : Author
Lara Warmelink
- Function : Author
Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia
- Function : Author
Karen Yu
- Function : Author
Jakub Wachowicz
- Function : Author
Kermeka Desai
- Function : Author
Krystian Barzykowski
- Function : Author
Luca Kozma
- Function : Author
Kortnee Evans
- Function : Author
Komila Kirgizova
- Function : Author
Bamikole Emmanuel Agesin
- Function : Author
Monica Koehn
- Function : Author
Kelly Wolfe
- Function : Author
Tatiana Korobova
- Function : Author
Kristoffer Klevjer
- Function : Author
Kevin van Schie
- Function : Author
Kevin Vezirian
- Function : Author
Kaja Damnjanović
- Function : Author
Katrine Krabbe Thommesen
- Function : Author
Kathleen Schmidt
- Function : Author
Katarzyna Filip
- Function : Author
Karolina Grzech
- Function : Author
Karlijn Hoyer
- Function : Author
Karis Moon
- Function : Author
Kafeel Rana
- Function : Author
Kristina Janjić
- Function : Author
Jordan Suchow
- Function : Author
Julita Kielińska
- Function : Author
Julio Cruz Vásquez
- Function : Author
Julia Beitner
- Function : Author
Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto
- Function : Author
Jose Carlos T. Roxas
- Function : Author
Jennifer Taber
- Function : Author
Joan Urriago-Rayo
- Function : Author
Jeffrey Pavlacic
- Function : Author
Jozef Bavolar
- Function : Author
José Soto
- Function : Author
Jonas Olofsson
- Function : Author
Johannes Vilsmeier
- Function : Author
Johanna Messerschmidt
- Function : Author
Johanna Czamanski-Cohen
- Function : Author
Jordane Boudesseul
- Function : Author
Jeong Min Lee
- Function : Author
Julia Kamburidis
- Function : Author
Janis Zickfeld
- Function : Author
Jacob Miranda
- Function : Author
Jeroen Verharen
- Function : Author
Evgeniya Hristova
- Function : Author
Julie Beshears
- Function : Author
Jasna Milošević Đorđević
- Function : Author
Jasmijn Bosch
- Function : Author
Jaroslava Varella Valentova
- Function : Author
Jan Antfolk
- Function : Author
Jana Berkessel
- Function : Author
Jana Schrötter
- Function : Author
Jan Urban
- Function : Author
Jan Philipp Röer
- Function : Author
James Norton
- Function : Author
Jaime Silva
- Function : Author
Jade Pickering
- Function : Author
Jáchym Vintr
- Function : Author
Jim Uttley
- Function : Author
Jonas Kunst
- Function : Author
Izuchukwu Ndukaihe
- Function : Author
Aishwarya Iyer
- Function : Author
Iris Vilares
- Function : Author
Aleksandr Ivanov
- Function : Author
Ivan Ropovik
- Function : Author
Isabela Sula
- Function : Author
Irena Sarieva
- Function : Author
Irem Metin-Orta
- Function : Author
Irina Prusova
- Function : Author
Isabel Pinto
- Function : Author
Andreea Ioana Bozdoc
- Function : Author
Inês Almeida
- Function : Author
Ilse Pit
- Function : Author
Ilker Dalgar
- Function : Author
Ilya Zakharov
- Function : Author
Azuka Ikechukwu Arinze
- Function : Author
Keiko Ihaya
- Function : Author
Ian Stephen
- Function : Author
Biljana Gjoneska
- Function : Author
Hilmar Brohmer
- Function : Author
Heather Flowe
- Function : Author
Hendrik Godbersen
- Function : Author
Halil Emre Kocalar
- Function : Author
Mattie Hedgebeth
- Function : Author
Hu Chuan-Peng
- Function : Author
Mohammadhasan Sharifian
- Function : Author
Harry Manley
- Function : Author
Handan Akkas
- Function : Author
Nandor Hajdu
- Function : Author
Habiba Azab
- Function : Author
Gwenael Kaminski
- Function : Author
Gustav Nilsonne
- Function : Author
Gulnaz Anjum
- Function : Author
Giovanni Travaglino
- Function : Author
Gilad Feldman
- Function : Author
Gerit Pfuhl
- Function : Author
Gabriela Czarnek
- Function : Author
Gabriela Mariana Marcu
- Function : Author
Gabriela Hofer
- Function : Author
Gabriel Banik
- Function : Author
Gabriel Agboola Adetula
- Function : Author
Gijsbert Bijlstra
- Function : Author
Frederick Verbruggen
- Function : Author
Franki Kung
- Function : Author
Francesco Foroni
- Function : Author
Gage Singer
- Function : Author
Fany Muchembled
- Function : Author
Flavio Azevedo
- Function : Author
Farnaz Mosannenzadeh
- Function : Author
Evelina Marinov
- Function : Author
Eva Štrukelj
- Function : Author
Zahra Etebari
- Function : Author
Ernest Baskin
- Function : Author
Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia
- Function : Author
Erica Musser
- Function : Author
I.M.M. van Steenkiste
- Function : Author
El Rim Ahn
- Function : Author
Ekaterina Pronizius
- Function : Author
Emily Jackson
- Function : Author
Efisio Manunta
- Function : Author
Elena Agadullina
- Function : Author
Dušana Šakan
- Function : Author
Pinar Dursun
- Function : Author
Olivier Dujols
- Function : Author
Dmitrii Dubrov
- Function : Author
Megan Willis
- Function : Author
Murat Tümer
- Function : Author
Jennifer Beaudry
- Function : Author
Dora Popović
- Function : Author
Daniel Dunleavy
- Function : Author
Ikhlas Djamai
- Function : Author
Dino Krupić
- Function : Author
Diego Vega
- Function : Author
Hongfei Du
- Function : Author
Débora Mola
- Function : Author
William Davis
- Function : Author
Dawn Liu Holford
- Function : Author
David Lewis
- Function : Author
David Vaidis
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1162440
- IdHAL : dcvaidis
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1954-2219
- IdRef : 131137166
Daphna Hausman Ozery
- Function : Author
Danilo Zambrano Ricaurte
- Function : Author
Daniel Storage
- Function : Author
Daniela Sousa
- Function : Author
Daniela Serrato Alvarez
- Function : Author
Anna Dalla Rosa
- Function : Author
Dajana Krupić
- Function : Author
Dafne Marko
- Function : Author
David Moreau
- Function : Author
Crystal Reeck
- Function : Author
Rita Correia
- Function : Author
Cassie Whitt
- Function : Author
Claus Lamm
- Function : Author
Claudio Singh Solorzano
- Function : Author
Claudia von Bastian
- Function : Author
Clare Am Sutherland
- Function : Author
Clara Overkott
- Function : Author
Christopher Aberson
- Function : Author
Chunhui Wang
- Function : Author
Christiana Karashiali
- Function : Author
Chris Noone
- Function : Author
Faith Chiu
- Function : Author
Chiara Picciocchi
- Function : Author
Cemre Karaarslan
- Function : Author
Nicola Cellini
- Function : Author
Celia Esteban-Serna
- Function : Author
Cecilia Reyna
- Function : Author
Carlota Batres
- Function : Author
Ranran Li
- Function : Author
Caterina Grano
- Function : Author
Joelle Carpentier
- Function : Author
Christian Tamnes
- Function : Author
Cynthia H.Y. Fu
- Function : Author
Byurakn Ishkhanyan
- Function : Author
Lisa Bylinina
- Function : Author
Bastian Jaeger
- Function : Author
Carsten Bundt
- Function : Author
Tara Bulut Allred
- Function : Author
Ahmed Bokkour
- Function : Author
Natalia Bogatyreva
- Function : Author
William Chopik
- Function : Author
Benedict Antazo
- Function : Author
Behzad Behzadnia
- Function : Author
Maja Becker
- Function : Author
Beatrice Cocco
- Function : Author
Wei-Lun Chou
- Function : Author
Barbora Hubena
- Function : Author
Barbara Žuro
- Function : Author
Balazs Aczel
- Function : Author
Ekaterina Baklanova
- Function : Author
Hui Bai
- Function : Author
Busra Bahar Balci
- Function : Author
Peter Babinčák
- Function : Author
Barnaby James Wyld Dixson
- Function : Author
Aviv Mokady
- Function : Author
Heather Barry Kappes
- Function : Author
Mohammad Atari
- Function : Author
Anna Szala
- Function : Author
Anna Szabelska
- Function : Author
John Jamir Benzon Aruta
- Function : Author
Artur Domurat
- Function : Author
Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze
- Function : Author
Arianna Modena
- Function : Author
Arca Adiguzel
- Function : Author
Arash Monajem
- Function : Author
Kanza Ait El Arabi
- Function : Author
Asil Ali Özdoğru
- Function : Author
Adriana Julieth Olaya Torres
- Function : Author
Andriana Theodoropoulou
- Function : Author
Anita Penić Jurković
- Function : Author
Angelos Kassianos
- Function : Author
Andrej Findor
- Function : Author
Andree Hartanto
- Function : Author
Anais Thibault Landry
- Function : Author
Ana Ferreira
- Function : Author
Anabela Caetano Santos
- Function : Author
Anabel de la Rosa-Gomez
- Function : Author
Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe
- Function : Author
Anna Louise Todsen
- Function : Author
Alper Karababa
- Function : Author
Allison Janak
- Function : Author
Alexandre Bran
- Function : Author
Alexa Tullett
- Function : Author
Anna Kuzminska
- Function : Author
Anthony Krafnick
- Function : Author
Anum Urooj
- Function : Author
Ahmed Khaoudi
- Function : Author
Afroja Ahmed
- Function : Author
Agata Groyecka-Bernard
- Function : Author
Adrian Dahl Askelund
- Function : Author
Adeyemi Adetula
- Function : Author
Anabel Belaus
- Function : Author
Abdelilah Ca Charyate
- Function : Author
Aaron Wichman
- Function : Author
Alina Stoyanova
- Function : Author
Anna Greenburgh
- Function : Author
Andrew Thomas
- Function : Author
Alexios Arvanitis
- Function : Author
Patrick Forscher
- Function : Author
Peter Mallik
- Function : Author
Maximilian Primbs
- Function : Author
Jeremy Miller
- Function : Author
Hannah Moshontz
- Function : Author
Heather Urry
- Function : Author
Hans Ijzerman
- Function : Author
Dana Basnight-Brown
- Function : Author
Christopher Chartier
- Function : Author
Erin Buchanan
- Function : Author
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., “If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others”) or potential gains (e.g., “If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others”)? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions.