M. Ammou, Microcaractérisation des solides -Méthodes d'observation et d'analyse, p.541, 1989.

P. Andradir, . Pep, G. Sug, . Ter, and . Forpro, Cahier des Charges d'Exécution CCE : Galeries multi-expérimentations à -490 m, p.597, 2005.

L. K. Bailey and E. Peters, Decomposition of pyrite in acids by pressure leaching and anodization: the case for an electrochemical mechanism, Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, vol.15, issue.4, pp.333-344, 1976.
DOI : 10.1179/cmq.1976.15.4.333

H. L. Barnes, Chap 9: The solubility and occurrence of non-ore minerals, Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits, pp.461-501

D. Baron and C. D. Palmer, Solubility of jarosite at 4???35 ??C, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.60, issue.2, pp.185-195, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00392-4

P. Bar-on and I. Shainberg, HYDROLYSIS AND DECOMPOSITION OF NA-MONTMORILLONITE IN DISTILLED WATER, Soil Science, vol.109, issue.4, pp.241-246, 1970.
DOI : 10.1097/00010694-197004000-00007

E. P. Barret, L. G. Joyner, and P. P. Halenda, The Determination of Pore Volume and Area Distributions in Porous Substances. I. Computations from Nitrogen Isotherms, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.73, issue.1, pp.373-380, 1951.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01145a126

F. Basolo and R. G. Pearson, Oxidation-reduction reactions, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions: A Study of Metal Complexes in Solution, pp.454-525, 1967.

U. Becker and B. Gasharova, AFM observations and simulations of jarosite growth at the molecular scale: probing the basis for the incorporation of foreign ions into jarosite as a storage mineral, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, vol.28, issue.8, pp.545-556, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s002690100188

E. Bemer, P. Longuemare, and O. Vincke, Poroelastic parameters of Meuse/Haute Marne argillites: effect of loading and saturation states, Applied Clay Science, vol.26, issue.1-4, pp.359-366, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clay.2003.12.012

J. C. Bennett and H. Tributsch, Bacterial leaching patterns on pyrite crystal surfaces, J. Bacteriol, vol.134, pp.310-317, 1978.

J. Bensted, Uses of Raman Spectroscopy in Cement Chemistry, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol.39, issue.1, pp.140-143, 1976.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4684-3024-0

R. A. Berner, Sedimentary pyrite formation: An update, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.48, issue.4, pp.605-615, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(84)90089-9

G. Besson, M. Amouric, and M. Robert, Les interstratifiés, Matériaux argileux, structure, propriétés et applications. Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie, pp.274-287, 1990.

J. M. Bigham, T. M. Bhatti, A. Vuorinen, and O. H. Tuovinen, Dissolution and structural alteration of phlogopite mediated by proton attack and bacterial oxidation of ferrous iron, Hydrometallurgy, vol.59, issue.2-3, pp.301-309, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-386X(00)00186-9

P. A. Blackwell, S. Reeder, M. R. Cave, D. C. Entwisle, J. K. Trick et al., Clay pore-water and gas analysis: Preliminary investigation programme at Haute-Marne, France, 1995.

P. A. Blackwell, S. Reeder, M. R. Cave, D. C. Entwisle, J. K. Trick et al., Clay pore-water and gas analysis: Preliminary investigation programme at Meuse, France, 1995.

D. W. Blowes and J. L. Jambor, The pore-water geochemistry and the mineralogy of the vadose zone of sulfide tailings, Waite Amulet, Quebec, Canada, Applied Geochemistry, vol.5, issue.3, pp.327-346, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0883-2927(90)90008-S

M. Blumer, Organic Pigments: Their Long-Term Fate, Science, vol.149, issue.3685, pp.722-726, 1965.
DOI : 10.1126/science.149.3685.722

P. Bossart, P. M. Meier, A. Moeri, T. Trick, and J. Mayor, Geological and hydraulic characterisation of the excavation disturbed zone in the Opalinus Clay of the, pp.19-38, 2002.

P. Bossart, T. Trick, P. M. Meier, and J. Mayor, Structural and hydrogeological characterisation of the excavation-disturbed zone in the Opalinus Clay (Mont Terri Project, Switzerland), Applied Clay Science, vol.26, issue.1-4, pp.429-448, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.clay.2003.12.018

A. Bouchet, Caractérisation d'échantillons d'argiles du forage HTM102, E.R.M, p.242, 1995.

A. Bouchet, F. Rassineux, and P. Patrier, Étude minéralogique approfondie d'échantillons d'argiles du forage HTM102 (Haute-Marne, France), Rapport final, E.R.M, p.85, 1995.

M. H. Bradbury and B. Baeyens, A Physicochemical Characterisation and Geochemical Modelling Approach for Determining Porewater Chemistries in Argillaceous Rocks, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.62, issue.5, pp.783-795, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00387-6

E. E. Bray and E. D. Evans, Distribution of n-paraffins as a clue to recognition of source beds, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.22, issue.1, pp.2-15, 1961.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(61)90069-2

G. W. Brindley and G. Brown, Crystal structures of clay minerals and their X-ray identification, p.495, 1980.
DOI : 10.1180/mono-5

S. Brunauer, P. H. Emmett, and E. Teller, Adsorption of Gases in Multimolecular Layers, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.60, issue.2, pp.309-319, 1938.
DOI : 10.1021/ja01269a023

R. T. Bush and L. A. Sullivan, Morphology and behaviour of greigite from a Holocene sediment in Eastern Australia, Australian Journal of Soil Research, vol.35, issue.4, pp.853-861, 1997.
DOI : 10.1071/S96114

I. B. Butler and D. Rickard, Framboidal pyrite formation via the oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide by hydrogen sulphide, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.64, issue.15, pp.2665-2672, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00387-2

C. Cailteau, Métrologie des pressions partielles de gaz (CO2 et CH4) à l'équilibre avec les eaux de formation des marnes de Bure (Meuse -Hte Marne, France) et Mont Terri (St Ursanne, Suisse) : interprétation des mécanismes de transfert de gaz après forage, 2008.

A. B. Caldicott and G. Eglinton, Phytochemistry, III. Inorganic elements and special groups of chemicals In : Inorganic Elements and Groups of Chemicals, pp.162-194, 1973.

J. Carignan, P. Hild, G. Mevelle, J. Morel, D. Yeghicheyan et al., Routine Analyses of Trace Elements in Geological Samples using Flow Injection and Low Pressure On-Line Liquid Chromatography Coupled to ICP-MS: A Study of Geochemical Reference Materials BR, DR-N, UB-N, AN-G and GH, Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, vol.21, issue.2-3, pp.187-198, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1751-908X.2001.tb00595.x

M. Cathelineau, R. Mosser-ruck, V. Roubeuf, and A. Trouiller, Cristallochimie détaillée des siltites du Gard et argilites de la Haute-Marne : Implications sur la diagenèse des sédiments. Réunion spécialisée ASF-SGF "Argiles, p.15, 1998.

M. Cathelineau and M. Elie, Hierarchisation des phénomènes impliqués dans la perturbation oxydante : construction du premier modèle conceptuel à l'aide de l'acquis sur l'argilite de l'Est, Rapport Final, pp.0-002, 2000.

D. Charpentier, M. Cathelineau, R. Mosser-ruck, and G. Bruno, ??volution min??ralogique des argilites en zone sous-satur??e oxyd??e : exemple des parois du tunnel de Tournemire (Aveyron, France), Comptes Rendus de l'Acad??mie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science, vol.332, issue.10, pp.601-607, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01584-1

D. Charpentier, M. Cathelineau, R. Mosser-ruck, and G. Bruno, Oxidation of an argillaceous formation: mineralogical and geochemical evolution, Proc., R. Cidu, pp.371-374, 2001.

R. Cruz, V. Bertrand, M. Monroy, and I. González, Effect of sulfide impurities on the reactivity of pyrite and pyritic concentrates: a multi-tool approach, Applied Geochemistry, vol.16, issue.7-8, pp.803-819, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0883-2927(00)00054-8

X. Daupley, Etude du potentiel de l'eau interstitielle d'une roche argileuse et de relations entre ses propriétés hydriques et mécaniques, Thèse Ecole Nat. Sup. des Mines de, p.172, 1997.

D. Boer, J. H. Linsen, and B. G. Osinga-th, Studies on pore system in catalysts : IV. The universal t-curv, 1965.

D. Vreugd, C. H. Witkamp, G. J. Van-rosmalen, and G. M. , Growth of gypsum III. Influence and incorporation of lanthanide and chromium ions, Journal of Crystal Growth, vol.144, issue.1-2, pp.70-78, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0248(94)90012-4

J. Debelmas, Géologie de la France, Ed.Donin, vol.1, issue.2, 1974.

F. A. Dullien, Porous media, fluid transport and pore structure, p.574, 1979.

B. M. Dydick, B. R. Simoneit, S. C. Brassell, and G. Eglinton, Organic geochemical indicators of palaeoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation, Nature, vol.31, issue.5650, pp.216-222, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(73)90218-4

M. Elie, P. Faure, R. Michels, P. Landais, and L. Griffault, Natural and Laboratory Oxidation of Low-Organic-Carbon-Content Sediments:??? Comparison of Chemical Changes in Hydrocarbons, Energy & Fuels, vol.14, issue.4, pp.854-861, 2000.
DOI : 10.1021/ef9902146

L. Esteban, Anisotropies magnétique et de porosité des argilites du Callovo-Oxfordien du laboratoire souterrain de l'Andra (Meuse/Haute-Marne, p.290, 2006.

P. Farrimond, I. M. Head, and H. E. Innes, Environmental influence on the biohopanoid composition of recent sediments, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.64, issue.17, pp.2985-2992, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00404-X

P. Faure, Applications des techniques de géochimie organique pétrolière à l'étude des problèmes environnementaux : polluants organiques, inertage et stockage des déchets, Thèse Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine], p.293, 1999.

P. Faure, P. Landais, and L. Griffault, Behavior of organic matter from Callovian shales during low-temperature air oxidation, Fuel, vol.78, issue.13, pp.1515-1525, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-2361(99)00086-1

S. Feigenbaum and I. Shainbeg, Dissolution of Illite-A Possible mechanism of potassium release, Soil Sci, 1975.

J. C. Fontes and J. M. Matray, Geochemistry and origin of formation brines from the Paris Basin, France, Chemical Geology, vol.109, issue.1-4, pp.149-175, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2541(93)90068-T

D. Fortin and T. J. Beveridge, Role of the bacterium Thiobacillus in the formation of silicates in acidic mine tailings, Chemical Geology, vol.141, issue.3-4, pp.235-250, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00069-7

B. Fritz, Etude thermodynamique et modélisation des réactions hydrothermales et diagénétiques, 1981.

R. L. Frost, R. Wills, M. L. Weier, M. Wayde, and S. Mills, A Raman spectroscopic study of selected natural jarosites, Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, vol.63, issue.1, pp.1-8, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.saa.2005.03.034

E. Galan, M. I. Carretero, and J. C. Fernandez-caliani, Effects of acid mine drainage on clay minerals suspended in the Tinto River (Rio Tinto, Spain). An experimental approach, Clay Minerals, vol.34, issue.1, pp.99-108, 1999.
DOI : 10.1180/000985599546118

R. M. Garrels and C. L. Christ, Equilibre des minéraux et de leurs solutions aqueuses, Monographies de chimie minérale, p.335, 1967.

R. M. Garrels and M. E. Thompson, Oxidation of pyrite by iron sulfate solutions, Amer. J. of Sci, vol.258, pp.57-67, 1960.

E. C. Gaucher, P. Blanc, J. Matray, and N. Michau, Modeling diffusion of an alkaline plume in a clay barrier, Applied Geochemistry, vol.19, issue.10, pp.1505-1515, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.03.007

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00664835

S. Giannesini, C. France-lanord, F. Palhol, and C. Guilmette, Analyses isotopiques H et O dans les eaux de formation de calcaires oxfordiens et bathoniens, GdR FORPRO RapportAction, p.7, 2003.

). Re and F. Gdr, ANDRA-CNRS scientific partnership)

S. Giannesini, Géochimie isotopique couplée des eaux des formation argileuses et calcaires du site Andra de Meuse/Haute Marne, 2006.

A. Giraud, G. Thouvenin, F. Homand, and O. Didry, Modélisation poroélastique de la dessaturation autour de cavités profondes, 9 ème Congrès International de Mécanique des Roches, pp.375-380, 1999.

M. B. Goldhaber, Experimental study of metastable sulphur oxyanion formation during pyrite oxidation at pH6-9 and 30°C. Amer, J. Sci, vol.283, pp.193-217, 1983.

A. Guerci, Modélisation géochimique des interactions fluides-roches et du comportement de l'uranium : application à des paléo-altérations hydrothermales, et à l'environnement des sites miniers, Thèse Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine], p.274, 1998.

Y. Hautevelle, Géochimie organique des series argilo-carbonatées du Callovo-Oxfordien de l'Est du basin de Paris et d'Angleterre. Variabilités et implications paléoenvironnementales, 2005.

H. C. Helgeson, Thermodynamics of hydrothermal systems at elevated temperatures and pressures Amer, 1969.

R. B. Herbert, Properties of goethite and jarosite precipitated from acidic groundwater, Dalarna, Sweden. Clays & Clay Miner, pp.261-273, 1997.

Y. Holtzapffel, Les minéraux argileux : Préparation, analyse diffractométrique et détermination, 1985.

J. Hower and T. C. Mowatt, The mineralogy of illites and mixed layer illite-montmorillonites. The Amer, pp.825-857, 1966.

C. R. Hughes and J. A. Whiteman, Clay mineral characterisation by analytical transmission electron microscopy : Problems and perspectives, Water-Rock interaction Proc., Miles, pp.313-316, 1989.

S. R. Jennings, D. J. Dollhopf, and W. P. Inskeep, Acid production from sulfide minerals using hydrogen peroxide weathering, Applied Geochemistry, vol.15, issue.2, pp.247-255, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00041-4

N. V. Kochetkova, N. B. Gavrilov, N. P. Dergacheva, and V. A. Krenev, Solubility of ??-and ??-gypsum in aqueous solutions of calcium, magnesium, and sodium chlorides, Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, vol.17, issue.7, pp.585-589, 2007.
DOI : 10.1134/S0036023607040195

L. Barron, J. Lueking, and D. R. , Growth and maintenance of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cells, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.56, pp.2801-2806, 1990.

P. Landais, R. Michels, J. Kister, J. M. Dereppe, and Z. Benkhedda, Behavior of oxidized type II kerogen during artificial maturation, Energy & Fuels, vol.5, issue.6, pp.860-866, 1991.
DOI : 10.1021/ef00030a014

B. Lanson and A. Bouchet, Identification des minéraux argileux par diffraction des rayons X : apport du traitement numérique. Elf aquitaine production, pp.92-118, 1995.

B. Lavielle, B. Thomas, and E. Gilabert, Caracterization and evolution of EDZ by extraction and analyses of noble gases in pore waters in the url at the Meuse/Haute Marne Url site. Clays in natural and engineered barriers for radioactive confinement International meeting, pp.171-172, 2007.

R. Liu, A. L. Wolfe, D. A. Dzombak, B. W. Stewart, and R. C. Capo, Comparison of dissolution under oxic acid drainage conditions for eight sedimentary and hydrothermal pyrite samples, Environmental Geology, vol.93, issue.24, pp.171-182, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/0927-7757(94)02935-0

G. W. Lorimer, Quantitative X-ray Microanalysis of Thin Specimens in the Transmission Electron Microscope; A Review, Mineralogical Magazine, vol.51, issue.359, pp.49-60, 1987.
DOI : 10.1180/minmag.1987.051.359.05

R. T. Lowson, Aqueous oxidation of pyrite by molecular oxygen, Chemical Reviews, vol.82, issue.5, pp.461-497, 1982.
DOI : 10.1021/cr00051a001

U. K. Mäder and M. Mazurek, Oxidation Phenomena and Processes in Opalinus Clay: Evidence From the Excavation-Disturbed Zones in Hauenstein and Mt. Terri Tunnels and Siblingen Open Clay Pit, MRS Proceedings, vol.127, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2541(67)90004-6

B. Marty, S. Dewonck, and C. France-lanord, Geochemical evidence for efficient aquifer isolation over geological timeframes, Nature, vol.16, issue.6953, pp.55-58, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00008-7

J. M. Matray, M. Lambert, and J. C. Fontes, Stable isotope conservation and origin of saline waters from the Middle Jurassic aquifer of the Paris Basin, France, Applied Geochemistry, vol.9, issue.3, pp.297-309, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0883-2927(94)90040-X

A. Mazumdar, T. Goldberg, and H. Strauss, Abiotic oxidation of pyrite by Fe(III) in acidic media and its implications for sulfur isotope measurements of lattice-bound sulfate in sediments, Chemical Geology, vol.253, issue.1-2, pp.30-37, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.03.014

A. Meunier and B. Velde, Solid solutions in I/S mixed-layer minerals and illite, Amer. Miner, vol.24, pp.1106-1112, 1989.

V. I. Miteva and J. E. Brenchley, Detection and Isolation of Ultrasmall Microorganisms from a 120,000-Year-Old Greenland Glacier Ice Core, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.71, issue.12, pp.7806-7818, 2005.
DOI : 10.1128/AEM.71.12.7806-7818.2005

. Montes-h-g, J. Duplay, L. Martinez, and C. Mendoza, Swelling???shrinkage kinetics of MX80 bentonite, Applied Clay Science, vol.22, issue.6, pp.279-293, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-1317(03)00120-0

C. O. Moses, D. K. Nordstrom, J. S. Herman, and A. L. Mills, Aqueous pyrite oxidation by dissolved oxygen and by ferric iron, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.51, issue.6, pp.1561-1571, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(87)90337-1

R. Mosser-ruck, M. Cathelineau, V. Roubeuf, and A. Trouiller, Stabilité des sédiments Callovo-Oxfordien du bassin de Paris : comportement des argiles. Réunion spécialisée ASF-SGF "Argiles : Sédimentologie, p.65, 1998.

R. Mosser-ruck, M. Cathelineau, M. Elie, P. Landais, M. C. Boiron et al., Pétrographie, géochimie et cristallochimie détaillée d'échantillons représentatifs des argilites de la Haute-Marne : synthèse des données et implications géochimiques sur la diagénèse des sédiements, Rapport final, p.80, 1999.

C. Mustin, Approche physico-chimique et modélisation de l'oxydation bactérienne de la pyrite par Thiobacillus ferrooxidans : rôle déterminant de la phase minérale, Thèse doc. Univ. H. Poincaré], p.222, 1992.

. Ndlovu-s and A. J. Monhemius, The role of orientation of crystal lattice on the development of bacterial leaching patterns on pyrite single crystals, J. South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol.104, pp.573-578, 2004.

. Ndlovu-s and A. J. Monhemius, The influence of crystal orientation on the bacterial dissolution of pyrite, Hydrometallurgy, vol.78, issue.3-4, pp.187-197, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.hydromet.2005.03.004

D. K. Nordstrom, Aqueous pyrite oxidation and the consequent formation of secondary uiron minerals, America Special Publication, vol.10, pp.37-55, 1982.

D. K. Nordstrom, J. W. Ball, R. J. Donahoe, and D. Whittemore, Groundwater chemistry and water-rock interactions at Stripa, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.53, issue.8, pp.1727-1740, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(89)90294-9

G. Ourisson and P. Albrecht, Hopanoids. 1. Geohopanoids: the most abundant natural products on Earth?, Accounts of Chemical Research, vol.25, issue.9, pp.398-402, 1992.
DOI : 10.1021/ar00021a003

T. Oyama and M. Chigira, Weathering rate of mudstone and tuff on old unlined tunnel walls, Engineering Geology, vol.55, issue.1-2, pp.15-27, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00103-9

V. V. Panin, G. I. Karavaiko, and S. I. Pol-'kin, Mechanism and kinetics of bacterial oxidation of suphide minerals, Biogeotechnology of metals, pp.197-215, 1985.

T. M. Peakman, P. Farrimond, S. C. Brassell, and J. R. Maxwell, De-A-steroids in immature marine shales, Organic Geochemistry, vol.10, issue.4-6, pp.779-789, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(86)80015-8

P. Pellenard, J. F. Deconinck, D. Marchand, J. Thierry, D. Fortwengler et al., Contrôle géodynamique de la sédimentation argileuse du Callovo-Oxfordien moyen dans l'Est du bassin de Paris : influence eustatique et volcanique, C. R. Acad. Sci Paris, vol.328, pp.807-813, 1999.

E. Penner, P. E. Eden, and P. E. Grattan-bellew, Expansion of pyritic shales, Canadian Building Digest, vol.152, 1972.

K. E. Peters and J. M. Moldowan, The Biomarker Guide, 1993.

K. E. Peters, C. C. Walters, and J. M. Moldowan, The Biomarker Guide, p.471, 2005.

R. P. Philp and L. Mansuy, Petroleum Geochemistry:?? Concepts, Applications, and Results, Energy & Fuels, vol.11, issue.4, pp.749-760, 1997.
DOI : 10.1021/ef960174v

C. Pisapia, M. Chaussidon, C. Mustin, and B. Humbert, O and S isotopic composition of dissolved and attached oxidation products of pyrite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans: Comparison with abiotic oxidations, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.71, issue.10, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2007.02.021

S. Poulain, Caractérisation microbiologique de l'argile à Opalinus du Mont Terri et de l'argilite du Callovo-Oxfordien de Meuse, 2006.

R. C. Reynolds, Interstratified clay minerals In Crystal structures of clays minerals and their X-ray identification, Mineralogical society ? London, pp.249-303, 1980.

S. Reeder, M. R. Cave, R. Metcalfe, D. C. Entwisle, J. M. Pearce et al., Clay pore-water characterisation: Follow-up investigations at the Haute-Marne, Meuse, Gard sites and new investigations at the EST104 site, 1997.

J. D. Rimstidt and D. J. Vaughan, Pyrite oxidation: a state-of-the-art assessment of the reaction mechanism, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.67, issue.5, pp.873-880, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01165-1

M. Robert, Principes de détermination qualitative des minéraux argileux à l'aide des rayons X, Ann. Agron, vol.26, pp.363-399, 1975.

V. Roubeuf, Interactions entre fluides et sédiments argileux naturels : étude expérimentale dans des conditions simulant un stockage souterrain de déchets radioactifs, Thèse doc Univ. H. Poincaré], p.322, 2000.

S. Sammartino, Construction d'un modèle conceptuel d'organisation de la porosité et de la minéralogie dans les argilites du site de Bure, 2001.

K. Sasaki, M. Tsunekawa, T. Ohtsuka, and H. Konno, Confirmation of a sulfur-rich layer on pyrite after oxidative dissolution by Fe(lIl) ions around pH2, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.59, issue.15, pp.3155-3158, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00203-C

U. Schwertmann and E. Murad, Effect of pH on the Formation of Goethite and Hematite from Ferrihydrite, Clays and Clay Minerals, vol.31, issue.4, pp.277-284, 1983.
DOI : 10.1346/CCMN.1983.0310405

U. Schwertmann, Goethite and Hematite Formation in the Presence of Clay Minerals and Gibbsite at 25??C, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.52, issue.1, 1988.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200010052x

U. Schwertmann, J. Friedl, H. Stanjek, and D. G. Schulze, The effect of clay minerals on the formation of goethite and hematite from ferrihydrite after 16 years' ageing at 25??C and pH 4-7, Clay Minerals, vol.35, issue.4, pp.613-623, 2000.
DOI : 10.1180/000985500547034

W. K. Seifert and J. M. Moldowan, Paleoreconstruction by biological markers, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.45, issue.6, pp.873-794, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(81)90108-3

J. L. Sévèque, Etude expérimentale de la dissolution des minéraux sulfurés en milieu oxydant : application à la prospection minière, Thèse doc, 1986.

S. M. Sheppard, Characterization and isotopic variations in natural waters, Stable isotopes in high temperature geological processes, 1986.

O. Sieskind, G. Joly, and P. Albrecht, Simulation of the geochemical transformations of sterols: superacid effect of clay minerals, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.43, issue.10, pp.1675-1679, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(79)90186-8

K. S. Sing, D. H. Everett, R. A. Haul, L. Moscou, and R. A. Pierotti, Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Provisional), Pure and Applied Chemistry, vol.54, issue.11, pp.603-619, 1985.
DOI : 10.1351/pac198254112201

S. Damsté, J. S. Van-duin, A. C. Hollander, D. Kohnen, M. E. De-leeuw et al., Early diagenesis of bacteriohopanepolyol derivatives: Formation of fossil homohopanoids, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.59, issue.24, pp.5141-514, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00338-X

E. Sipple, P. Bracconi, P. Dufour, and J. Mutin, Microstructural modifications resulting from the dehydration of gypsum, Solid State Ionics, vol.141, issue.142, pp.141-142, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-2738(01)00755-X

. E. Smith, K. Svanks, and K. Shumate, Sulfide-to Sulfate Reaction Studies, Second Symposium on Coal Mine Drainage Res, pp.1-11, 1968.

T. Ten-haven, H. L. De-leeuw, J. W. Rulkötter, J. Sinninghe-damsté, and J. S. , Restricted utility of the pristane/phytane ratio as a palaeoenvironmental indicator, Nature, vol.330, issue.6149, pp.641-643, 1987.
DOI : 10.1038/330641a0

M. Thury and P. Bossart, The Mont Terri rock laboratory, a new international research project in a Mesozoic shale formation, in Switzerland, Engineering Geology, vol.52, issue.3-4, pp.347-359, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00015-0

V. Toniazzo, C. Mustin, J. M. Portal, B. Humbert, R. Benoit et al., Elemental sulfur at the pyrite surfaces: speciation and quantification, Applied Surface Science, vol.143, issue.1-4, pp.229-237, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00918-0

B. Velde, Clay minerals. A physico-chemical explanation of their occurrence, 1985.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00105751

J. K. Volkman and J. R. Maxwell, Acyclic isoprenoids as biological markers, Biological Markers in the Sedimentary Record, pp.1-42, 1986.

C. E. Weaver and L. D. Pollard, The chemistry of clay minerals. Developments in sedimentology, p.213, 1973.

R. T. Wilkin and H. L. Barnes, Formation processes of framboidal pyrite, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.61, issue.2, pp.323-339, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00320-1

M. Williawson and J. D. Rimstidt, The kinetics and electrochemical rate-determining step of aqueous pyrite oxidation, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.58, issue.24, pp.5443-5454, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90241-0

G. J. Witkamp and G. M. Van-rosmalen, Growth of gypsum II. Incorporation of cadmium, Journal of Crystal Growth, vol.108, issue.1-2, pp.89-98, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0248(91)90356-A

T. J. Wolery and S. A. Daveler, EQ6, a computer program for reaction path modeling of aqueous geochemical systems: user's guide and documentation, p.337, 1992.

J. R. Yates and D. S. Holmes, Two families of repeated DNA sequences in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.169, issue.5, pp.1861-1870, 1987.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.169.5.1861-1870.1987

T. Listedesfigures, F. Du, . Souterrain, . Vue-d-'ensemble, and L. De, 15 FIGURE 2, p.23, 1972.

E. Un, E. De-90°, L. Subhorizontal, . Subverticalement, . Les-illustrations-s-'il et al., 68 FIGURE 26 69 FIGURE 27 82 FIGURE 30, 1<)<5.. 95 FIGURE 39. PHOTOGRAPHIE EN LUMIERE NATURELLE DU BLINDAGE DE PYRITES, pp.12-18

S. Raman, D. Argileuse, D. For, M. Si, V. C. Des et al., 103 FIGURE 47 SPECTRES 104 FIGURE 48 CLICHE105 FIGURE 49 SPECTRE 108 FIGURE 51, pp.6-8, 20072.

M. Apres and L. Electron, 112 FIGURE 56

C. , E. De, . De, . En-bordure-d-'un, . Terrier-oxyde et al., 120 FIGURE 60 120 FIGURE 61215-230 CM-1) 121 FIGURE 62 122 FIGURE 63, 364-380 CM-1), C) BANDE DU GYPSE (997-1015 CM-1), CM-1), E) BANDE DU SOUFRE (141-164 CM-1), F) BANDE DES SULFATES INDETERMINES (1000-1013 CM-1), pp.1118-1132, 2003.

F. De, . P. De, B. Non-altere, . Grain, C. Altere et al., 131 FIGURE 75 OBSERVATION 132 FIGURE 76 ZOOM 133 FIGURE 77 DETAIL 133 FIGURE 78 134 FIGURE 79, FER (3) ET OXYGENE (1), pp.144-84

F. Photographies, . Le, . Au-dapi-d-'une-surface, . De-pyrite, . Partie et al., 156 FIGURE 88 157 FIGURE 89, A) ET, vol.0, issue.120, pp.9-12

F. Diagramme-montrant-l-'evolution, . De, N. Composition-elementaire, C. Des, . Interfoliaires et al., 169 FIGURE 98 169 FIGURE 99 170 FIGURE 100, MAT. ORG.) A L'INTERIEUR DES TERRIERS FOSSILES DANS LES ESPACES ENTRE LES PYRITES (ECHANTILLON FOR1902 4'). ........................................ 186 FIGURE 110. CLICHE MEB D'UN FRAGMENT DE PAROI CELLULAIRE DANS UN ECHANTILLON D'ARGILITE PRELEVE SUR LES PAROIS (FOR1902 4'), pp.9-12, 2000.

.. Du-cpi, P. , E. Ph-/-c-18, D. Echantillons-issus-des-forages, and .. , 208 FIGURE 120, pp.216-123

F. Roche, B. Element, . Influence, B. R. Le, L. De et al., 224 FIGURE 126 A: 225 FIGURE 127 CONCENTRATION 228 FIGURE 128 CONCENTRATION 230 FIGURE 129 CONCENTRATION 231 FIGURE 130 CONCENTRATION 234 FIGURE 131 CONCENTRATION 234 FIGURE 132 CONCENTRATION 235 FIGURE 133 CONCENTRATION 239 FIGURE 137 261 FIGURE 150, LOSANGES) ET 18 MOIS (CARRES)LOSANGES) ET 18 MOIS (CARRES), pp.12-18

F. Representation, . Des, . De, D. Dans-eq3-/-6, . Diagramme et al., 271 FIGURE 153 273 FIGURE 155, 265 FIGURE 152, pp.12-18, 1998.

T. Mineralogique, . En, and G. De, 268 TABLEAU 16 COMPOSITION, EQUILIBREE POUR UNE PCO 2 ATMOSPHERIQUE, p.270, 2008.

. Les-vannes-d, amorçage et statique s'ouvrent. Un flux de solvant passe donc à travers la cellule et la poudre qu'elle contient puis est expulsé jusque dans le flacon de récupération

. La-pression-et-la-température-sont-maintenues-À-l-'intérieur-de-la-cellule, La fraction extractible de la matière organique se dissout progressivement dans le solvant Au cours de ces deux étapes, seule la vanne d'amorçage reste ouverte. La vanne statique ne s'ouvre que lorsque la pression devient trop forte en

. Figure-h, Exemple de chromatogramme d'une fraction aliphatique représentant l'intensité de tous les ions enregistrés. (b) Fragmentogrammes m/z 191 et 57 d'une même fraction aliphatique. (c) Spectre de masse du composé éluant à 63