J. Abbé, M. L. Capmau, E. Vinimian, and F. Et-le-goffic, Contribution à l'étude du mécanisme d'action des pristinamycines, Eur. J. Med. Chem, vol.17, issue.6, pp.542-546, 1982.

Y. Aharonowitz and A. L. Et-demain, Carbon Catabolite Regulation of Cephalosporin Production in Streptomyces clavuligerus, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.14, issue.2, pp.159-164, 1978.
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.14.2.159

Y. Aharonowitz and C. G. Et-friedrich, Alanine dehydrogenase of the ?-lactam antibiotic producer Streptomyces clavuligerus, Archives of Microbiology, vol.96, issue.1-2, pp.137-142, 1980.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00403210

K. Akashi, S. Ikeda, H. Shibai, K. Kobayashi, and Y. Et-hirose, Determination of redox potential levels critical for cell respiration and suitable forL-leucine production, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.17, issue.1, pp.27-41, 1978.
DOI : 10.1099/00221287-6-3-4-336

A. Alves, G. Euverink, H. Hektor, G. Hessels, J. Van-der-vlag et al., Enzymes of glucose and methanol metabolism in the actinomycete Amycolatopsis methanolica., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.176, issue.22, pp.6827-6835, 1994.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.176.22.6827-6835.1994

M. Aumercier, P. Lacroix, M. L. Capmau, and F. Et-le-goffic, Dérivés hydrosolubles du facteur A I de pristinamycines, interaction avec le ribosome bactérien, Path. Biol, vol.33, pp.497-501, 1985.

M. Aumercier, S. Bouhallab, M. L. Capmau, and F. Et-le-goffic, Irreversible binding of pristinamycin IIA (streptogramin A) to ribosomes explains its "lasting damage" effect., The Journal of Antibiotics, vol.39, issue.9, pp.1322-1328, 1986.
DOI : 10.7164/antibiotics.39.1322

A. Rossa, C. White, J. Kuiper, A. Postma, P. W. Bibb et al., Carbon Flux Distribution in Antibiotic-Producing Chemostat Cultures of Streptomyces lividans, Metabolic Engineering, vol.4, issue.2, pp.138-150, 2002.
DOI : 10.1006/mben.2001.0217

J. C. Barrière, N. Berthaud, D. Beyer, S. Dutka-malen, J. M. Paris et al., Recent developments in streptogramin research, Curr. Pharm. Design, vol.4, pp.155-180, 1998.

B. G. Barrell, J. Parkhill, and D. A. Et-hopwood, Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), Nature, vol.417, issue.6885, pp.141-147, 2002.

V. Blanc, F. Blanche, V. De-crecy-lagard, J. Crouzet, L. Debussche et al., Polypeptides involved in streptogramins biosynthesis, nucleotide sequences coding for said polypeptides and used thereof, 1994.

F. Blanche, L. Debussche, J. Crouzet, and D. Et-thibaut, Identification and analysis of genes from Streptomyces pristinaespiralis encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the 4-dimethylamino-l-phenylalanine precursor of pristinamycin I, Molecular Microbiology, vol.23, issue.2, pp.191-202, 1997.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.2031574.x

V. Blanc, D. Lagneaux, P. Didier, P. Gil, P. Lacroix et al., Cloning and analysis of structural genes from Streptomyces pristinaespiralis encoding enzymes involved in the conversion of pristinamycin IIB to pristinamycin IIA (PIIA): PIIA synthase and NADH:riboflavin 5'-phosphate oxidoreductase., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.177, issue.18, pp.5206-5214, 1995.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.177.18.5206-5214.1995

V. Blanc, K. Salah-bey, M. Folcher, and C. J. Et-thompson, Molecular characterization and transcriptional analysis of a multidrug resistance gene cloned from the pristinamycin-producing organism, Streptomyces pristinaespiralis, Molecular Microbiology, vol.17, issue.5, pp.989-999, 1995.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17050989.x

M. M. Bradford, A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.72, issue.1-2, pp.1-2, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3

H. Bramwell, H. G. Nimmo, I. S. Hunter, and J. R. Et-coggins, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2): purification of the enzyme, cloning of the ppc gene and over-expression of the protein in a streptomycete, Biochem. J, pp.293131-136, 1993.

A. F. Brana, N. Paiva, and A. L. Et-demain, Pathway and regulation of ammonium assimilation in Streptomyces clavuligeris, J. Gen. Microbiol, vol.132, pp.1305-1317, 1986.

A. F. Brana and A. L. Et-demain, Nitrogen control of antibiotic biosynthesis in actinomycetes In: Nitrogen source control of microbial processes, 1988.

A. Breton, J. Theilleux, J. J. Sanglier, and G. Et-vobis, Organismes producteurs : biologie, taxonomie et écologie, Biotechnologie des antibiotiques, pp.33-70, 1989.

M. E. Bushell, Growth, product formation and fermentation technology. Actinomycetes in biotechnology, pp.185-217, 1988.

M. Bushell, S. Baumberg, I. Hunter, and R. M. , The process physiology of secondary metabolite production In: Microbial products : new approaches, pp.95-120, 1989.

R. Chakraburtty and M. Bibb, The ppGpp synthetase gene (relA) of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) plays a conditional role in antibiotic production and morphological differentiation., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.179, issue.18, pp.5854-5861, 1997.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.179.18.5854-5861.1997

H. C. Chen and F. Et-wilde, The effect of dissolved oxygen and aeration rate on antibiotic production ofStreptomyces fradiae, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.5, issue.6, pp.591-595, 1991.
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.5.5.544

Y. R. Cheng, A. Fang, and A. L. Et-demain, Effect of amino acids on rapamycin biosynthesis by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.3, issue.6, pp.1096-1104, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00166931

G. J. Clark, D. Langley, and M. E. Et-bushell, Oxygen limitation can induce microbial secondary metabolite formation: investigations with miniature electrodes in shaker and bioreactor culture, Microbiology, vol.141, issue.3, pp.663-669, 1995.
DOI : 10.1099/13500872-141-3-663

V. W. Cochrane, H. D. Peck, . Jr, and A. Harrison, The metabolism of species of Streptomyces. VII. The hexosemonophosphate shunt and associated reactions, J. Bacteriol, vol.66, issue.1, pp.17-23, 1953.

C. Cocito, Antibiotics of the virginiamycin family, inhibitors which contain synergistic components, Microbiol. Rev, vol.43, issue.2, pp.145-198, 1979.

C. Cocito, D. Giambattista, M. Nyssen, E. Vannufel, and P. , Inhibition of protein synthesis by streptogramins and related antibiotics, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol.39, issue.suppl 1, pp.7-13, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/jac/39.suppl_1.7

J. R. Coggins, I. S. Hunter, H. G. Nimmo, H. Bramwell, R. D. Taylor et al., Deregulation of fluxes to precursors of secondary metabolites in Streptomyces coelicolor, Dept. Biochem. And Genetic, 1995.

P. F. Corvini, Etude physiologique de Streptomyces pristinaespiralis producteur de pristinamycines : Activité enzymatiques du métabolisme central et mesure du pH intracellulaire, 2000.

P. F. Corvini, H. Vivier, P. Germain, and J. Et-goergen, Physiologie et métabolisme de Streptomyces pristinaespiralis au cours d'un procédé de production des pristinamycines. Récents progrès en génie des Procédés, pp.345-352, 2001.

P. F. Corvini, S. Delaunay, F. Maujean, E. Rondags, H. Vivier et al., Intracellular pH of Streptomyces pristinaespiralis is correlated to the sequential use of carbon sources during the pristinamycins-producing process, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, vol.34, issue.2, pp.101-107, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2003.06.002

N. Jacques, J. Crouzet, and D. Et-thibaut, Pristinamycin I biosynthesis in Streptomyces pristnaespiralis : molecular characterisation of the first two structural peptide synthase genes, J. Bacteriol, vol.179, issue.3, pp.705-713, 1997.

R. Cunin, N. Glansdorff, A. Pierard, and V. Et-stalon, Biosynthesis and metabolism of arginine in bacteria, Microbiol. Rev, vol.50, issue.3, pp.314-352, 1986.

E. Curdova, V. Jechova, J. Zima, and Z. Et-vanek, The effect of inorganic phosphate on the production of avermectin in Streptomyces avermitilis, J. Basic Microbiol, vol.6, pp.341-346, 1989.

E. B. Daae and A. P. Et-ison, Classification and Sensitivity Analysis of a Proposed Primary Metabolic Reaction Network forStreptomyces Lividans, Metabolic Engineering, vol.1, issue.2, pp.153-165, 1999.
DOI : 10.1006/mben.1998.0112

A. Daza, J. F. Martin, A. Dominguez, and J. A. Gil, Sporulation of Several Species of Streptomyces in Submerged Cultures after Nutritional Downshift, Microbiology, vol.135, issue.9, pp.2483-2491, 1989.
DOI : 10.1099/00221287-135-9-2483

S. Delaunay, E. Rondags, and P. Et-germain, Production d'antibiotiques par biotechnolgies. Techniques de l'ingénieur. Opérations unitaires, génie de la réaction chimique, pp.8-9, 2003.

A. L. Demain, Catabolite regulation in industrial microbiology In : Overproduction of microbial products, pp.3-19, 1982.

A. L. Demain, Y. Aharanowitz, and J. F. Et-martin, Metabolite control of secondary biosynthetic patheways In : Vining (Ed.) Biochemistry and genetic regulation of commercially important antibiotics, pp.49-67, 1983.

A. L. Demain and J. Zhang, : The Methionine Story, Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, vol.2, issue.4, pp.283-294, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01569547

M. L. Dekleva and W. R. Strohl, C5 and comparison with intermediary metabolism of other polyketide-producing streptomycetes, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, vol.34, issue.11, pp.1235-1240, 1988.
DOI : 10.1139/m88-217

M. L. Dekleva and W. R. Strohl, pyruvate carboxylase of an anthracycline-producing streptomycete, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, vol.34, issue.11, pp.1241-1246, 1988.
DOI : 10.1139/m88-218

J. L. Doull and L. C. Vining, Nutritional control of actinorhodin production byStreptomyces coelicolor A3(2): suppressive effects of nitrogen and phosphate, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.128, issue.4, pp.449-454, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00903781

J. Drouin, Analyse d'image en biotechnologie Quantification de la morphologie de micro-organismes filamenteux au cours de fermentations et suivi de la croissance de cellules animales sur microporteurs au cours de cultures, 1996.

G. H. Dunstan, C. Avignone-rossa, D. Langley, and M. E. Et-bushell, The Vancomycin biosynthetic pathway is induced in oxygen-limited Amycolatopsis orientalis (ATCC 19795) cultures that do not produce antibiotic, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, vol.27, issue.7, pp.502-510, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0141-0229(00)00238-6

H. A. El-enshasy, M. A. Farid, and . A. Sayed-e.-s, Influence of inoculum type and cultivation conditions on natamycin production by Streptomyces natalensis, J. Basic Microbiol, vol.40, pp.5-6, 2000.

M. Elibol, Product shifting by controlling medium pH in immobilised Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) culture, Process Biochemistry, vol.37, issue.12, pp.1381-1386, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00019-5

M. Folcher, H. Gaillard, L. T. Nguyen, K. T. Nguyen, P. Lacroix et al., Pleiotropic functions of a Streptomyces pristinaespiralis autoregulator receptor in development, antibiotic biosynthesis, and expression of a superoxide dismutase, J. Biol. Chem, issue.47, pp.276-44297, 2001.

V. Gesheva, V. Ivanova, and R. Et-gesheva, Effects of nutrients on the production of AK-111-81 macrolide antibiotic by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Microbiological Research, vol.160, issue.3, pp.243-248, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.micres.2004.06.005

H. Godel, P. Seitz, and M. Et-verhoef, Automated amino acid analysis using combined OPA and FMOC-CI precolumn derivatization, LC GC Int, vol.5, pp.44-49, 1992.

A. Hesketh, J. Sun, and M. Bibb, Induction of ppGpp synthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) grown under conditions of nutritional sufficiency elicits actII-ORF4 transcription and actinorhodin biosynthesis, Molecular Microbiology, vol.179, issue.1, pp.136-144, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.179.3.627-633.1997

M. L. Hitchman, Measurement of dissolved oxygen, 1978.

G. Hobbs, C. M. Frazer, D. C. Gardner, J. A. Cullum, and S. G. Oliver, Dispersed growth of Streptomyces in liquid culture, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.31, issue.3, pp.272-277, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00258408

D. A. Hodgson, Primary metabolism and its control in streptomycetes: A most unusual group of bacteria, Adv. Microb. Physiol, pp.47-238, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0065-2911(00)42003-5

S. Horinouchi and T. Et-beppu, Autoregulatory Factors and Communication in Actinomycetes, Annual Review of Microbiology, vol.46, issue.1, pp.377-398, 1992.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.mi.46.100192.002113

P. D. James, C. Edwards, and M. Et-dawson, The effects of temperature, pH and growth rate on secondary metabolism in Streptomyces thermoviolaceus grown in a chemostat, Journal of General Microbiology, vol.137, issue.7, pp.1715-1735, 1991.
DOI : 10.1099/00221287-137-7-1715

M. S. Jetten, M. E. Gubler, S. H. Lee, and A. J. Sinskey, Structural and functional analysis of pyruvate kinase from Corynebacterium glutamicum, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.60, issue.7, pp.2501-2507, 1994.

G. Jolles, B. Terlain, and J. P. Et-thomas, Metabolic Investigations on Pristinamycin, Nature, vol.38, issue.4993, pp.199-200, 1965.
DOI : 10.1039/jr9600002286

E. Jonsbu, T. E. Ellingsen, and J. Et-nielsen, Effects of Nitrogen Sources on Cell Growth and Production of Nystatin by Streptomyces noursei., The Journal of Antibiotics, vol.53, issue.12, pp.1354-1362, 2000.
DOI : 10.7164/antibiotics.53.1354

E. Jonsbu, B. Christensen, and J. Et-nielsen, Changes of in vivo fluxes through central metabolic pathways during the production of nystatin by Streptomyces noursei in batch culture, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.56, issue.1-2, pp.93-100, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s002530100613

E. Jonsbu, M. Mcintyre, and J. Et-nielsen, The influence of carbon sources and morphology on nystatin production by Streptomyces noursei, Journal of Biotechnology, vol.95, issue.2, pp.133-177, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00003-2

P. Jüsten, G. C. Paul, A. W. Nienow, and . G. Thomas, Dependence ofPenicillium chrysogenum growth, morphology, vacuolation, and productivity in fed-batch fermentations on impeller type and agitation intensity, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.46, issue.6, pp.762-775, 1998.
DOI : 10.2307/2439305

P. Jüsten, G. C. Paul, A. W. Nienow, and C. R. Thomas, A mathematical model for agitation-inducted fragmentation of Penicillium chrysogenum, Bioprocess Eng, vol.18, pp.7-16, 1998.

K. E. Kendrick and J. C. Ensign, Sporulation of Streptomyces griseus in submerged culture, J. Bacteriol, vol.155, issue.1, pp.357-366, 1983.

A. S. Khokhlov and I. I. Et-tovarova, AUTOREGULATOR FROM STREPTOMYCES GRISEUS, pp.133-145, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-08-023179-2.50016-2

E. S. Kim, H. J. Hong, C. Y. Choi, and S. N. Et-cohen, Modulation of Actinorhodin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces lividans by Glucose Repression of afsR2 Gene Transcription, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.183, issue.7, pp.2198-203, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.183.7.2198-2203.2001

D. G. Kingston, Biosynthesis of antibiotics of the virginiamycin family. 1. Biosynthesis of virginiamycin M1: determination of the labeling pattern by the use of stable isotope techniques, Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol.102, issue.18, pp.5964-5966, 1980.
DOI : 10.1021/ja00538a070

P. Lacroix, M. L. Capmau, and F. Et-le-goffic, Pristinamycin accumulation by Staphylococcus aureus., The Journal of Antibiotics, vol.37, issue.10, pp.1246-1252, 1984.
DOI : 10.7164/antibiotics.37.1246

D. Lamsaïf, Effets des sources d'azote sur la biosynthèse de la spiramycine chez Streptomyces ambofaciens. Etude des enzymes impliquées dans l'assimilation des ions ammonium, Thèse INPL, 1992.

M. Largeron and M. B. Et-fleury, Acid???Base Properties of Pristinamycin IA and Related Compounds, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.81, issue.6, pp.565-568, 1992.
DOI : 10.1002/jps.2600810620

J. P. Larpent and J. J. Sanglier, Biotechnologie des antibiotiques, pp.1-70, 1989.

. Hypervariability, a new phenomenon of genetic instability, related to DNA amplification in Streptomyces ambofaciens, J. Bacteriol, vol.171, issue.1, pp.419-423

A. Lebrihi, G. Lefebvre, and P. Et-germain, Phosphate repression of cephamycin and clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.15, issue.2, pp.130-135, 1987.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00253896

A. Lebrihi, D. Lamsaif, G. Lefebvre, and P. Et-germain, Effect of ammonium ions on spiramycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces ambofaciens, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.9, issue.3, pp.382-387, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00210997

M. S. Lee, I. Kojima, and A. L. Et-demain, Effect of nitrogen source on biosynthesis of rapamycin by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.19, issue.2, pp.83-86, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.jim.2900434

K. H. Ling, V. Paetkau, F. Marcus, and H. A. Et-lardy, [77a] Phosphofructokinase, Methods Enzymol, vol.9, pp.425-429, 1966.
DOI : 10.1016/0076-6879(66)09087-6

J. Lissac and J. L. Et-avril, Synergistines, vancomycine et polymyxines, Antibiotiques antibactériens (II)_R.P, issue.45, pp.27-2959, 1977.

R. Locci, Streptomyces and related genera In : Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, pp.2451-2508, 1989.

A. Lounes, A. Lebrihi, C. Benslimane, G. Lefebvre, and P. Et-germain, Glycerol effect on spiramycin production and valine catabolism in Streptomyces ambofaciens, Curr. Microbiol, issue.5, pp.31-304, 1995.

A. Lounes, A. Lebrihi, C. Benslimane, G. Lefebvre, and P. Et-germain, Regulation of spiramycin synthesis in Streptomyces ambofaciens: effects of glucose and inorganic phosphate, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.23, issue.1-2, pp.1-2, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02885582

A. Lounes, A. Lebrihi, C. Benslimane, G. Lefebvre, and P. Et-germain, Effect of nitrogen/carbon ratio on the specific production rate of spiramycin by Streptomyces ambofaciens, Process Biochemistry, vol.31, issue.1, pp.13-20, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-9592(95)00008-9

C. Lubbe, A. L. Demain, and K. Et-bergman, Use of controlled-release polymer to feed ammonium to Streptomyces clavuligerus cephalosporin fermentations in shake flasks, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol, vol.22, pp.424-427, 1985.

M. K. Majumdar and S. K. Et-majumdar, Synthesis of neomycin by washed mycelium ofStreptomyces fradiae and some physiological considerations, Folia Microbiologica, vol.109, issue.4, pp.285-292, 1971.
DOI : 10.7164/antibiotics.21.413

J. F. Martin, Control of antibiotic synthesis by phosphate, Adv. Biochem. Eng, vol.6, pp.105-127, 1977.
DOI : 10.1007/3-540-08363-4_4

J. F. Martin and A. L. Et-demain, Control by phosphate of candicidin production, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.71, issue.4, pp.1103-1109, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(76)90767-1

J. F. Martin and A. L. Et-demain, Control of antibiotic biosynthesis, Microbiol Rev, vol.44, pp.230-251, 1980.

P. Mauss, J. F. Drouin, M. N. Pons, H. Vivier, P. Germain et al., Location of respiration activity in filamentous bacteria by image analysis, Biotechnology Techniques, vol.11, issue.11, pp.813-817, 1997.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1018477308962

A. Murchison, Quinupristin???dalfopristin: a streptogramin antibiotic, Primary Care Update for OB/GYNS, vol.9, issue.5, pp.176-177, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1068-607X(02)00113-0

F. Naeimpoor and F. Et-mavituna, Metabolic Flux Analysis in Streptomyces coelicolor under Various Nutrient Limitations, Metabolic Engineering, vol.2, issue.2, pp.140-148, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/mben.2000.0146

W. Namwat, Y. Kamioka, H. Kinoshita, Y. Yamada, and T. Nihira, Characterization of virginiamycin S biosynthetic genes from Streptomyces virginiae, Gene, vol.286, issue.2, pp.283-290, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00424-9

J. Neuzil, J. Novotna, V. Behal, and Z. Et-hostalek, Inhibition studies of glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase from tetracycline-producing Streptomyces aureofaciens, Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem, vol.8, issue.5, pp.375-378, 1986.

J. Ng and I. B. Et-gosbell, Successful oral pristinamycin therapy for osteoarticular infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other Staphylococcus spp., Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol.55, issue.6, pp.1008-1012, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/jac/dkg251

I. S. Novella, C. Barbes, and J. Sanchez, ETHZ 7451 in submerged culture, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, vol.38, issue.8, pp.769-773, 1992.
DOI : 10.1139/m92-125

A. I. Obanye, G. Hobbs, D. C. Gardner, and S. G. Oliver, Correlation between carbon flux through the pentose posphate pathway and production of the antibiotic methylenomycin in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) Microbiology, pp.133-137, 1996.

D. K. Oh, S. Y. Kim, and J. H. Kim, Increase of xylitol production rate by controlling redox potential inCandida parapsilosis, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol.81, issue.4, pp.440-444, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0922-338X(96)87593-3

N. Ohta, Y. S. Park, K. Yahiro, and M. Et-okabe, Comparison of neomycin production from Streptomyces fradiae cultivation using soybean oil as the sole carbon source in an air-lift bioreactor and a stirred-tank reactor, Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, vol.79, issue.5, pp.79-443, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0922-338X(95)91259-8

M. Okanishi and K. Et-hotta, Regulation of antibiotics production in microorganisms, 1980.

&. Sakaguchi, Academic press, NY. Molec. Breed. Gen. Appl. Microorg, pp.9-28

S. Omura, Y. Tanaka, H. Mamada, and R. Masuma, Effect of ammonium ion, inorganic phosphate and amino acids on the biosynthesis of protylonolide, a precursor of tylosin aglycone., The Journal of Antibiotics, vol.37, issue.5, pp.494-502, 1984.
DOI : 10.7164/antibiotics.37.494

S. Omura, Y. Tanaka, C. Kitao, H. Tanaka, and Y. Et-iwai, Stimulation of leucomycin production by magnesium phosphate and its relevance to nitrogen catabolite regulation., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.18, issue.5, pp.691-696, 1980.
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.18.5.691

M. Papagianni, Fungal morphology and metabolite production in submerged mycelial processes, Biotechnology Advances, vol.22, issue.3, pp.189-259, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2003.09.005

V. Paquet, Mise en evidence de facteurs d'induction de la production de pristinamycines chez Streptomyces pristinaespiralis, Thèse de doctorat, 1990.

V. Paquet, G. Goma, and P. Soucaille, Induction of pristinamycins production inStreptomyces pristinaespiralis, Biotechnology Letters, vol.49, issue.11, pp.1065-1070, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01021060

R. Parfait, M. P. De-bethune, and C. Et-cocito, A spectrofluorimetric study of the interaction between virginiamycin S and bacterial ribosomes, Molecular and General Genetics MGG, vol.40, issue.1, pp.45-51, 1978.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00379728

R. Parfait and C. Et-cocito, Lasting damage to bacterial ribosomes by reversibly bound virginiamycin M., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, pp.5492-5496, 1980.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5492

J. M. Paris, O. Rolin, J. P. Corbet, C. Cotrel, and D. H. Et-bouanchaud, Relations structure-activité de dérivés semi-synthétiques du constituant PI A de la pristinamycine, Path. Biol, vol.33, pp.493-496, 1985.

M. N. Pons, J. F. Drouin, L. Louvel, B. Vanhoutte, H. Vivier et al., Physiological investigations by image analysis, Journal of Biotechnology, vol.65, issue.1, pp.3-14, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-1656(98)00117-5

B. T. Porse and R. A. Garrett, Sites of interaction of streptogramin A and antibiotics in the peptidyl transferase loop of 23S rRNA and the synergisme of their inhibitory mechanisms, 1999.

J. Preud-'homme, A. Belloc, Y. Charpentie, and P. Et-tarridec, Chimie microbienne et pharmacodynamie. Un antibiotique formé de deux groupes de composants à synergie d'action: la pristinamycine, C R Acad Sc Paris, vol.260, pp.1309-1312, 1965.

J. Preud-'homme, P. Tarridec, and A. Et-belloc, Pristinamycine: isolement, caractérisation et identification des constituants, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr, vol.2, pp.585-591, 1968.

B. Rollmann and J. Et-rondelet, Transformation en milieu acide du facteur M de la virginiamycine. Détermination de paramètres cinétiques, Ann pharm fr, vol.31, issue.6, pp.451-456, 1973.

S. Rhone-poulenc, Procédé de préparation d'un antibiotique par une nouvelle souche de Streptomyces, Brevet, vol.français, pp.1-301, 1961.

R. Poulenc and S. , patent specification 998, 0195.

S. Rhone-poulenc-rorer, Streptogramines and method for preparing same by mutasynthesis, 1996.

M. J. Rollins, S. E. Jensen, and W. S. Et-westlake, Effect of aeration on antibiotic production byStreptomyces clavuligerus, Journal of Industrial Microbiology, vol.2, issue.6, pp.357-364, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01569557

E. Rondags, E. Halliday, and I. Marc, Diacetyl production mechanism by a strain ofLactococcus lactis spp.lactis bv.diacetylactis, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, vol.1245, issue.2, pp.113-125, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4165(95)00103-4

J. S. Salas, L. M. Quiros, and C. Et-hardisson, spores, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.118, issue.3, pp.229-233, 1984.
DOI : 10.1099/00221287-105-2-203

Z. Samra, O. Ofer, and H. Et-shmuely, Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, pristinamycin and other antibiotics, Isr. Med. Assoc. J, vol.7, issue.3, pp.148-150, 2005.

D. C. Sheu, K. J. Duan, S. R. Jou, Y. C. Chen, and C. W. Et-chen, Production of xylitol from Candida tropicalis by using an oxidation-reduction potential-stat controlled fermentation, Biotechnology Letters, vol.25, issue.24, pp.2065-2069, 2003.
DOI : 10.1023/B:BILE.0000007067.37858.69

K. W. Shimotohno, S. Imai, T. Murakami, and H. Et-seto, Purification and characterization of citrate synthase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus SF-1293 and comparison of its properties with those of 2-phosphinomethylmalic acid synthase, Agric. Biol. Chem, vol.54, issue.2, pp.463-70, 1990.

S. Shioya, M. Morikawa, Y. Kajihara, and H. Et-shimizu, Optimization of agitation and aeration conditions for maximum virginiamycin production, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.51, issue.2, pp.164-169, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/s002530051377

P. A. Srere, [1] Citrate synthase, Methods Enzymol, vol.13, pp.3-6, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/0076-6879(69)13005-0

M. E. Sukharevich, E. P. Iakovleva, O. G. Borisova, and V. I. Et-sukharevich, Effect of aeration and redox potential on the biosynthesis of the antibiotic imbricin, Antibiotiki i Khimioterapiia = Antibiotics And Chemoterapy Ministerstvo Meditsinskoi i Mikrobiologicheskoi Promyshlennosti SSSR, issue.12, pp.43-55, 1998.

H. Takebe, M. Matsunaga, O. Hiruta, A. Satoh, and H. Tanaka, Relationship between sugar consumption and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activity in a high bialaphosproducing strain, J. Ferment. Bioeng, issue.2, pp.71-110, 1991.

S. Tamura, Y. Park, M. Toriyama, and M. Et-okabe, Change of mycelial morphology in tylosin production by batch culture of Streptomyces fradiae under various shear conditions, Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, vol.83, issue.6, pp.523-528, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0922-338X(97)81131-2

T. Tenson, M. Lovmar, and M. Et-ehrenberg, The Mechanism of Action of Macrolides, Lincosamides and Streptogramin B Reveals the Nascent Peptide Exit Path in the Ribosome, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.330, issue.5, pp.1005-1014, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00662-4

D. Uy, Etude cinétique et métabolique de Corynebacterium glutamicum 2262 au cours de la fermentation glutamique : instabilité de la production de glutamate en procédé continu thermo-induit, Thèse de Doctorat ENSAIA. INPL, 2003.

P. Vannuffel and C. Et-cocito, Mechanism of Action of Streptogramins and Macrolides, Drugs, vol.51, issue.Supplement 1, pp.20-30, 1996.
DOI : 10.2165/00003495-199600511-00006

G. A. Vekshin and M. A. Et-malkov, Oxidation-reduction status of the culture medium during the biosynthesis of amphotericin B. Antibiotiki i Meditsinskaia Biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics And Medical Biotechnology, Ministerstvo Meditsinskoi Promyshlennosti SSSR, issue.7, pp.31-522, 1986.

P. H. Viollier, W. Minas, G. E. Dale, M. Folcher, and C. J. Et-thompson, Role of Acid Metabolism in Streptomyces coelicolor Morphological Differentiation and Antibiotic Biosynthesis, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.183, issue.10, pp.183-3184, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.183.10.3184-3192.2001

J. Visser, H. Kester, K. Jeyaseelan, and R. Et-topp, [68] Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from Bacillus, Methods Enzymol, vol.89, pp.399-407, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/S0076-6879(82)89070-8

V. I. Vlasov, Effect of redox potential of culture broth on oxytetracycline biosynthesis, Ministerstvo Meditsinskoi i Mikrobiologicheskoi Promyshlennosti SSSR. 41, pp.23-29, 1996.

F. Voelker and S. Et-altaba, Nitrogen source governs the patterns of growth and pristinamycin production in ???Streptomyces pristinaespiralis???, Microbiology, vol.145, issue.9, pp.2447-2459, 2001.
DOI : 10.1099/00221287-145-9-2323

K. Vu-trong, S. Bhawapathanapun, and P. P. Et-gray, Metabolic regulation in tylosin-producing Streptomyces fradiae: regulatory role of adenylate nucleotide pool and enzymes involved in biosynthesis of tylonolide precursors., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.17, issue.4, pp.519-525, 1980.
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.17.4.519

M. S. Walker and J. B. Walker, Streptomycin biosynthesis. Separation and substrate specificities of phosphatases acting on guanidinodeoxy-scyllo-inositol phosphate and streptomycin-(streptidino)phosphate, J. Biol. Chem, issue.22, pp.246-7034, 1971.

K. K. Wallace, G. F. Payne, and M. K. Et-speedie, Ammonium effects on streptonigrin biosynthesis byStreptomyces flocculus, Journal of Industrial Microbiology, vol.27, issue.1, pp.43-48, 1990.
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.18.5.691

L. Wang and L. Vining, Control of growth, secondary metabolism and sporulation in Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230 by jadW1, a member of the afsA family of ??-butyrolactone regulatory genes, Microbiology, vol.149, issue.8, pp.1991-2004, 2003.
DOI : 10.1099/mic.0.26209-0

D. Weinberg, Secondary metabolism: Regulation by phosphate and trace elements, Folia Microbiologica, vol.72, issue.6, pp.496-504, 1978.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1976.tb00606.x

Y. Yamada, Autoregulatory factors and regulation of antibiotic production in Streptomyces, Microbial Signaling and Communication, pp.177-196, 1999.

Y. Yamada, K. Sugamura, K. Kondo, M. Yanagimoto, and H. Et-okada, The structure of inducing factors for virginiamycin production in Streptomyces virginiae., The Journal of Antibiotics, vol.40, issue.4, pp.496-504, 1987.
DOI : 10.7164/antibiotics.40.496