. Contrainte-de-colinéarité-du-gradient, Identique à la contrainte formulée par l'expression (6.15), elle permet d'imposer que le gradient de la probabilité interpolée est colinéaire à un champ vectoriel donné

A. , S. Et, D. Marsily, and G. , Comparison of geostatistical methods for estimating transmissivity using data on transmissivity and specific capacity, Water Resources Research, vol.23, issue.9, pp.1717-1737, 1987.

A. , P. A. Et, A. , and J. , Basin Analysis : Principles and Applications. 2 nd éd, 2005.

B. , A. Bogardi, I. Et, K. , and W. E. , Imprecise (fuzzy) information in geostatistics, Mathematical Geology, vol.20, issue.4, pp.287-311, 1988.

B. , G. Et, W. , and K. , Paleobathymetric analysis in Paleozoic sequences and its geodynamic significance, American Journal of Science, vol.278, pp.579-607, 1978.

B. , K. Et, S. , and R. , SIMSAFADIM : three-dimensional simulation of stratigraphic architecture and facies distribution modeling of carbonate sediments, Computers & Geosciences, vol.28, pp.1177-1192, 2002.

B. , S. Nordlund, U. Et, W. , and H. , Inverse stratigraphic modeling using genetic algorithms, Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy : Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Special Publications, 1999.

C. , J. Avseth, P. Et, M. , and T. , Geostatistical integration of rock physics, seismic amplitudes and geological models in North-Sea turbidite systems, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2001.

C. , L. Et, N. , and R. , Hydrodynamic and sediment suspension modelling in estuarine systems. Part I : Description of the numerical models, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.22, pp.105-116, 1999.

C. , O. Willis, A. J. Et, M. , and A. , Temporal significance of sequence boundaries, Sedimentary Geology, vol.121, pp.157-178, 1998.

C. , G. Et, M. , and J. , 3D stratigraphic models : representation and stochastic modeling, Proc. IAMG, 2006.

C. , G. Strebelle, S. Caers, and J. K. , Assessment of Global Uncertainty for Early Appraisal of Hydrocarbon Fields, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2004.

C. , J. , G. David, M. Journel, and A. G. , Simulation of a nickel deposit : problems encountered and practical solutions, VERLY Geostatistics for Natural Resources Characterisation, pp.1015-1039, 1984.

C. , J. Et, D. , and P. , Geostatistics : Modeling Spatial Uncertainties, Series in Probability and Statistics, p.696, 1999.

C. , R. T. Et, W. , and R. L. , Combining probability distributions from experts in risk analysis, Risk Analysis, vol.19, issue.2, pp.187-203, 1999.

C. , A. L. Bosence, D. W. Church, and K. D. , The sedimentary record of sealevel change, 2003.

C. , T. A. Baker, M. R. Chapin, and M. A. , Applications of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis, Reservoir Characterisation from Outcrop Investigations. Paris : Technip Proc. 7 th Exploration and Production Research Conference, pp.11-33, 1993.

C. , T. A. Et, H. , and P. W. , Amanz Gressly's role in founding modern stratigraphy, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.109, pp.1617-1630, 1997.

C. , T. A. Et, L. , and M. A. , Sediment volume partitioning : rationale for stratigraphic model evaluation and high-resolution stratigraphic correlation, Predictive High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy, pp.171-196, 1998.

C. , T. A. Et, L. , and M. A. , Construction and application of a stratigraphic inverse model, Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy : Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Special Publications, 1999.

D. Groot, P. Bril, and B. , The open source model in geosciences and opendtect in particular. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, pp.802-805, 2005.

D. , C. V. Et, J. , and A. G. , GSLIB : Geostatistical Software Library and User's Guide. 2 nd éd, 1998.

D. , B. Granjeon, D. Joseph, and P. , How can stratigraphic modelling help to constrain geostatistical reservoir simulations, Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy : Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Special Publications, 1999.

D. , P. A. Pardo-igúzquiza, E. Et, X. , and C. , Plurigau : a computer program for simulating spatial facies using the truncated plurigaussian method, Computers & Geosciences, vol.29, pp.123-141, 2003.

D. , N. W. Et, K. , and G. D. , Three-dimensional quantitative modeling of clinoform development, Marine Geology, vol.154, pp.383-398, 1999.

D. , D. Et, P. , and H. , Fuzzy sets and probability : misunderstandings, bridges and gaps, Proceedings of the Second IEEE Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.1059-1068, 1993.

D. , O. Thibaut, M. Lamy, and P. , Geostatistical reservoir characterization constrained by 3d seismic data. Petroleum Geoscience, pp.121-128, 1998.
DOI : 10.3997/2214-4609.201409012

D. , P. Kedzierski, P. Et, G. , and J. , Thalassa facies simulation and geological reality face to face : Application to the Beausset Basin, 27 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2007.

F. , P. Fournier, F. Et, R. , and J. , Cosimulations of lithofacies and associated reservoir properties using well and seismic data, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 1997.

F. , M. Gari, J. Hennuy, and J. , Sédimentations gravitaires carbonatées et silicoclastiques dans un bassin en transtension, séries d'âge Cénomanien à Coniacien moyen du Bassin Sud-Provençal, 10ème Congrès Français de Sédimentologie. Paris : Association Française de Sédimentologie, p.80, 2005.

G. , A. Beucher, H. Le-loc-'h, and G. , The pros and cons of the truncated Gaussian method, Geostatistical Simulations, pp.217-233, 1994.

G. , S. Kedzierski, P. Et, C. , and G. , Defining objective functions for sensitivity analysis of interpolation parameters, 27 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2007.

G. , D. Et, J. , and P. , Concepts and applications of a 3D multiple lithology, diffusive model in stratigraphy modelling, Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy : Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Special Publications 62, 1999.

G. , L. Guadagnini, A. Et, T. , and D. M. , Probabilistic recontruction of geologic facies, Journal of Hydrology, vol.294, pp.57-67, 2004.

H. , A. Et, F. , and P. , Uncertainties in Facies Proportion Estimation I. Theoretical Framework : The Dirichlet Distribution, Mathematical Geology, vol.34, issue.6, pp.679-702, 2002.

H. , B. B. Back, W. Et, D. , and R. G. , A geochemical hypothesis for dolomitization by groundwater, Economic Geology, vol.66, pp.710-724, 1971.

H. , P. W. Et, E. , and G. P. , Genetic stratigraphy on the exploration and production scales -case studies from the Pennsylvanian of the Paradox Basin and the Upper Devonian of Alberta, Mémoire, vol.24, 2000.

H. , P. W. Guillocheau, F. Eschard, and R. , Corrélations haute résolution et stratigraphie génétique : une démarche intégrée, pp.357-381, 1992.

H. , P. W. Mauriaud, P. Et, L. , and F. , Best practices in sequence stratigraphy for exploration and reservoir engineers, p.81, 1999.

J. , M. T. , C. K. Hastings, B. S. Kendall, and C. G. St, Quantitative geological modeling of siliclastic rock sequences and their seismic expression, WILGUS Sea-Level Changes ? An Integrated Approach. SEPM Special Publication, pp.47-69, 1988.

J. , T. E. Et, F. , and P. B. , Large-scale stratigraphic architecture, eustatic variation , and unsteady tectonism : a theoretical evaluation, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.96, pp.6681-6699, 1991.

J. , A. G. Et, H. , and C. J. , Mining geostatistics, 1978.

J. , A. G. Et, I. , and E. H. , Conditional indicator simulation : Application to a Saskatchewan uranium deposit, Mathematical Geology, vol.16, issue.7, pp.685-718, 1984.

K. , G. D. Et, D. , and N. W. , Three-dimensional interplay of advective and diffusive processes in the generation of sequence boundaries, Tectonic, Magmatic and Depositional Processes at Passive Continental Margins, pp.443-449, 1997.

K. , P. Durand-riard, P. Et, C. , and G. , Three-dimensional prediction of diagenesis in reservoirs, 27 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2007.

K. , P. Le-solleuz, A. Mallet, and J. , Sedimentological and stratigraphic modeling combining membership functions and sequence stratigraphy principles, 25 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2005.

K. , P. Et, M. , and J. , Stochastic simulation of marine reservoirs through paleotopography modeling, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2006.

K. , P. Et, M. , and J. , The Thalassa project, 26 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2006.

K. , P. Mallet, J. Et, C. , and G. , Combining stratigraphic and sedimentological information for realistic facies simulations, EAGE Petroleum Geostatistics, 2007.

K. , P. Mallet, J. Royer, and J. , Prediction of non-stationary variables with spatial trend, Mathematical Geology, 2007.

K. , P. M. Et, T. , and D. L. , Morphology of a delta prograding by bulk sediment transport, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.95, pp.1457-1465, 1985.

K. , J. A. Et, P. , and D. K. , The links between global hydraulic elements, facies, grain size and sorting, EAGE 67 th Conference & Exhibition Proceedings, 2005.

K. , S. Et, J. , and A. , The tau model for data redundancy, 25 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2005.

L. , L. Shtuka, A. Mallet, and J. , Facies simulation using membership functions and multi P-Field, th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery, 2002.

L. , M. Cognot, R. Duvinage, and I. , Modeling of stochastic faults and fault networks in a structural uncertainty study, Petroleum Geoscience, vol.7, pp.31-42, 2001.

M. , G. Goldstein, R. H. , D. Stephano, and P. , New approach for quantifying water depth applied to the enigma of drowning of carbonate platforms, Geology, vol.30, issue.9, pp.783-786, 2002.

M. , J. Moyen, R. Frank, and T. , Getting rid of stratigraphic grids, 66 th EAGE Annual Meeting, 2004.

M. , J. Et, S. , and A. , Stratigraphic inversion integrating wells, seismic and sedimentology data, SEG, 67 th Annual Int, pp.1632-1635, 1997.

M. , J. Et, S. , and A. , A transition probability DSI constraint, 20 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 1999.

M. , S. Et, J. , and A. G. , Conditional 3D simulation of lithofacies with 2D seismic data, Computers & Geosciences, vol.25, pp.845-862, 1999.

M. , P. Tertois, A. L. Mallet, and J. , An efficient and extendible interpolation framework based on the matrix formulation of the discrete smooth interpolation, 25 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2005.

M. , T. Et, S. , and R. J. , Principles of regression and transgression : the nature of the interplay between accommodation and sediment supply, Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol.67, issue.6, pp.994-1000, 1997.

M. , T. Et, S. , and R. J. , The accomodation concept in sequence stratigraphy : some dimensional problems and possible redefinition, Sedimentary Geology, vol.130, pp.1-10, 2000.

N. , U. , J. W. Watney, W. L. Rankey, and E. C. , Stratigraphic modeling using common-sense rules, HARBAUGH Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy : Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Special Publications, 1999.

P. , E. Massonnat, G. Et, M. , and R. , Neptune : a TotalFinaElf new methodology for building realistic reservoir models, 22 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2002.

P. , H. W. Jervey, M. T. Et, V. , and P. R. , Eustatic controls on clastic deposition II : sequence and system tract models, Sea-Level Changes ? An Integrated Approach. SEPM Special Publications, pp.125-154, 1988.

P. , H. W. Et, V. , and P. R. , Eustatic controls on clastic deposition. I. Conceptual framework, Sea-Level Changes ? An Integrated Approach. SEPM Special Publication, pp.100-124, 1988.

Q. , A. Allemand, P. Et, D. , and G. , Discrimination between eustacy, tectonics and sediment supply in the western of the Mesozoic Subalpine Basin using a diffusion model. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences -Series IIA -Earth and Planetary Science, pp.711-718, 1997.

Q. , A. Allemand, P. Et, D. , and G. , DIBAFILL : a 3d two-lithology diffusive model for basin infilling, Computers & Geosciences, vol.26, pp.1029-1042, 2000.

R. , C. Rouby, D. Granjeon, and D. , Expression and modelling of stratigraphic sequence distorsion, Sedimentary Geology, vol.178, pp.159-186, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00085013

S. , Z. Et, C. , and P. , A conceptual model for the origin of fault damage zone structures in high porosity sandstone, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.25, issue.3, pp.333-344, 2003.

S. , M. D. Et, C. , and T. A. , Volumetric partitioning and facies differenciation within the Permian upper San Andres Formation of Last Chance Canyon Recent advances and applications of carbonate sequence stratigraphy, pp.435-474, 1993.

M. Stone, The Opinion Pool, The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, vol.32, issue.4, pp.1339-1342, 1961.
DOI : 10.1214/aoms/1177704873

S. , S. Et, J. , and A. G. , Reservoir modeling using multiple-point statistics, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2001.

S. , J. Soewito, F. Kendall, and C. G. St, Interactive (SEDPAK) simulation of clastics and carbonate sediments in shelf to basin settings, Computers & Geosciences, vol.15, pp.1279-1290, 1989.

S. , A. R. Skorstad, A. Soleng, and H. H. , Facies modelling in fault zones, 10 th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery, 2006.

T. , D. Wang, L. Et, W. , and P. M. , The role of geology in stochastic reservoir modelling : The future trends, SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, 1999.

T. , A. Caumon, G. Et, T. , and M. , Fault uncertainty and ranking in tetrahedral models, 27 th Gocad Meeting Proceedings, 2007.

T. , D. M. Et, H. , and J. W. , Simulating clastic sedimentation, 1989.

V. , P. R. Audemard, F. Bowman, and S. A. , The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics , eustasy and sedimentology ? an overview, Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy, 1991.

V. , P. R. Mitchum, J. R. Todd, and R. G. , Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, Seismic Stratigraphy ? Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 26, pp.49-212, 1977.

J. C. Van-wagoner, Overview of sequence stratigraphy of foreland basin deposits : terminology, summary of papers, and glossary of sequence stratigraphy Sequence Stratigraphy of Foreland Basin Deposits, pp.9-21, 1995.

J. C. Van-wagoner, H. W. Posamentier, and R. M. Mitchum, AN OVERVIEW OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY AND KEY DEFINITIONS, Sea-Level Changes ? An Integrated Approach. SEPM Special Publications, pp.39-45, 1988.
DOI : 10.2110/pec.88.01.0039

W. , W. L. Rankey, E. C. Et, H. , and J. W. , Perspectives on stratigraphic simulation models : current approaches and future opportunities, Numerical Experiments in Stratigraphy : Recent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Special Publications, 1999.

W. , R. Et, O. , and M. , Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists, Statistics in Practice, 2001.

X. , W. Tran, T. T. Srivastava, and R. M. , Integrating seismic data in reservoir modeling : The collocated cokriging alternative, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.833-842, 1992.

Y. , T. Et, C. , and A. , Integration of seismic attribute map into 3D facies modeling, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, vol.27, pp.69-84, 2000.