N. Allosio-ouarnier, Caractérisation de la transformation de l'orge en malt par des méthodes de spectroscopie vibrationnelle, Thèse INPL, spécialité : Biotechnologies et Industries Alimentaires, 1999.

G. Ammadurai, R. Juang, and D. Lee, Microbiological degradation of phenol using mixed liquors of Pseudomonas putida and activated sludge, Waste Management, vol.22, issue.7, pp.703-710, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00050-8

E. Analytica, European Brewery Convention, 1998.

N. Assas, L. Ayed, L. Marouani, and M. Hamdi, Decolorization of fresh and stored-black olive mill wastewaters by Geotrichum candidum, Process Biochemistry, vol.38, issue.3, pp.361-365, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00091-2

B. Axcell, D. Jankovsky, and P. Morrall, Steeping: The crucial factor in determining malt quality, Brewers Digest, vol.58, pp.20-23, 1983.

T. Aydemir, Partial purification and characterization of polyphenol oxidase from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) heads, Food Chemistry, vol.87, issue.1, pp.59-67, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.10.017

A. Bata and R. Lasztity, Detoxification of mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed by microorganisms, Trends in Food Science and Technology, pp.223-228, 1999.

L. E. De-bashan and Y. Bashan, Recent advances in removing phosphorus from wastewater and its future use as fertiliser, Water research, pp.4222-4246, 1997.

J. Baskin, M. Ludlow, C. J. Harris, T. , M. Wolf et al., Psoralen, an inhibitor in the seeds of Psoralea subacaulis (Leguminosae), Phytochemistry, vol.6, issue.9, pp.1209-1213, 1967.
DOI : 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86083-5

G. N. Bathgate, Cereal in Scotch whisky production, Cereal Science and Technology, éd, pp.243-278, 1989.

S. Beeton and A. T. Bull, Biotransformation and detoxification of T-2 Toxin by Soil and Freshwater Bacteria, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.55, pp.190-197, 1989.

B. Hattum, Relative risks of transformation products of pesticides for aquatic ecosystems, Sci. Total Environ, vol.222, pp.167-183, 1998.

T. Beta, L. W. Rooney, L. T. Marovatsanga, and J. R. Taylor, Effect of Chemical Treatments on Polyphenols and Malt Quality in Sorghum, Journal of Cereal Science, vol.31, issue.3, pp.295-302, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/jcrs.2000.0310

J. D. Bewley, Seed Germination and dormancy, The Plant Cell, pp.1055-1066, 1997.

J. Boeglin, Traitements physico-chimiques de la pollution insoluble, p.1270, 2002.

J. Boeglin, Inventaire des traitements d'eaux résiduaires, p.3940, 1997.

G. P. Bolwell and P. Wojtaszek, Mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species in plant defence ??? a broad perspective, Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, vol.51, issue.6, pp.347-366
DOI : 10.1006/pmpp.1997.0129

D. E. Briggs, Malts and Malting, Backie Academic and Professional, 1998.

D. E. Briggs, Barley Germination: Biochemical changes and hormonal control, Biochemistry, pp.369-401, 1992.

P. A. Brookes, D. A. Lovett, M. William, and I. C. , THE STEEPING OF BARLEY. A REVIEW OF THE METABOLIC CONSEQUENCES OF WATER UPTAKE, AND THEIR PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS, Journal of the Institute of Brewing, vol.42, issue.3, pp.14-26, 1976.
DOI : 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1966.tb02993.x

A. Cauchi, Protection juridique des milieux récepteurs d'eau, Techniques de l'ingénieur, p.4220, 1999.

G. S. Chandra, M. O. Proudlove, and E. D. Baxter, The structure of barley endosperm - an important determinant of malt modification, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, vol.45, issue.1, pp.37-46, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1987.tb04489.x

L. Chapon, Structure du grain d'orge : Aptitude à la trempe et friabilité du malt, 1960.

U. D. Chavan, F. Shahide, and M. Naczk, Extraction of condensed tannins from beach pea (Lathyrus maritimus L.) as affected by different solvants, Food chemistry, pp.509-512, 2001.

C. Chiemchaisri and K. Yamamoto, Performance of membrane separation bioreactor at various temperatures for domestic wastewater treatment, Journal of Membrane Science, vol.87, issue.1-2, pp.119-129, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0376-7388(93)E0090-Z

C. Chiemchaisri, Y. K. Wong, T. Urase, and K. Yamamoto, Organic stabilisation and nitrogen removal in a membrane separation bioreactor for domestic wastewater treatment, Filtration and Separation, pp.247-252, 1993.

F. Corbineau and D. Côme, Physiologie végétale ? Evolution de la dormance des semences de deux variétés d'orge au cours de leur maturation et de leur conservation au sec, C. R. Sc. Paris, pp.290-547, 1982.

C. , P. Buisson, H. Pound, C. , A. et al., Immersed membrane activated sludge for the reuse of municipal wastewater, Desalination, pp.189-196, 1997.

J. De-la-noüe, D. Pauw, and N. , The potential of microalgal biotechnology: A review of production and uses of microalgae, Biotechnology Advances, vol.6, issue.4, pp.725-770, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0734-9750(88)91921-0

R. V. Dalshstrom, B. J. Morton, and M. R. Sfat, Respiration of barley during steep and germination, Proc. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem, pp.64-69, 1963.

A. Debourg, Cours de techniques brassicoles pour la formation approfondie, Brasserie du Caroux, 1998.

G. Dicarlo, N. Mascolo, A. A. Izzo, and F. Capasso, Flavonoids: Old and new aspects of a class of natural therapeutic drugs, Life Sciences, vol.65, issue.4, pp.337-353, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00120-4

M. Evenari, The botanical review; Germination inhibitors, pp.3-5, 1949.

A. Fath, P. C. Bethke, and R. L. Jones, Enzymes That Scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species Are Down-Regulated Prior to Gibberellic Acid-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Barley Aleurone, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol.126, issue.1, pp.156-166, 2001.
DOI : 10.1104/pp.126.1.156

G. Fincher, Molecular and Cellular Biology Associated with Endosperm Mobilization in Germinating Cereal Grains, Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, vol.40, issue.1, pp.305-346, 1989.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.pp.40.060189.001513

M. Fliss, Contribution à la maîtrise et à l'optimisation du procédé de maltage : conditions de procédé, qualités fonctionnelles et organoleptiques du malt, Thèse INPL, spécialité : Génie des Procédés, 1996.

E. Friedler, Water reuse ??? an integral part of water resources management: Israel as a case study, Water Policy, vol.3, issue.1, pp.29-39, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1366-7017(01)00003-4

M. Gander, B. Jefferson, and S. Judd, Aerobic MBRs for domestic wastewater treatment: a review with cost considerations, Separation and Purification Technology, vol.18, issue.2, pp.119-130, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1383-5866(99)00056-8

G. Bilbao, J. L. , H. Garcia, and M. T. , Inhibidores naturales de la germinación de los cereales. Acción de la D-galactosa, pp.27-32, 1971.

T. Gardner-outlaw and R. Engelman, Sustaining water, easing scarcity. A second update, pp.2-19, 1997.

S. Geissler, T. Wintgens, T. Melin, K. Vossenkaul, and C. Kullmann, Modelling approaches for filtration processes with novel submerged capillary modules in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment, Desalination, vol.178, issue.1-3, pp.125-134, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.032

G. C. Gibbons, The effects of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide steeping regimes on endosperm modification and embryo growth of germinating barley seeds, Carlsberg Research Communications, vol.15, issue.1, pp.35-56, 1983.
DOI : 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1966.tb02947.x

H. Godart, Alimentation en eau potable ? Besoins et ressources, p.4190, 1999.

P. Goupy, M. Hugues, P. Boivin, and M. J. Amiot, Antioxidant compounds of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and malt extracts, pp.445-451, 1996.

E. Guibelin, Lutte contre la pollution des eaux ? Traitements des boues d'épuration, p.1450, 1999.

D. Hinrichsen, B. Robey, and U. D. Upadhyay, Solutions for a water-short world. Population reports, Population Information Program, 1998.

A. Höije, M. Gröndahl, K. Tommeraas, and P. Gatenholm, Isolation and characterization of physico-chemical and material properties of arabinoxylans from barley husks, Carbohydrate Polymers, pp.266-275, 2005.

W. G. Hopkins, Physiologie végétale, pp.287-333, 2003.

W. J. Hurkman, C. Tanaka, and K. , The Effects of Salt on the Pattern of Protein Synthesis in Barley Roots, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol.83, issue.3, pp.517-524, 1987.
DOI : 10.1104/pp.83.3.517

W. J. Hurkman, C. Tanaka, and K. , Effect of Salt Stress on Germin Gene Expression in Barley Roots, Plant Physiology, vol.110, issue.3, pp.971-977, 1996.
DOI : 10.1104/pp.110.3.971

N. F. Iyidogan and . Bayindirli, Effect of l-cysteine, kojic acid and 4-hexylresorcinol combination on inhibition of enzymatic browning in Amasya apple juice, Journal of Food Engineering, vol.62, issue.3, pp.299-304, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0260-8774(03)00243-7

R. Jones and J. Jacobsen, Regulation of Synthesis and Transport of Secreted Proteins in Cereal Aleurone, Int Rev Cytol, vol.126, pp.49-88, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)60682-8

S. Judd and B. Jefferson, Membrane for industrial wastewater recovery and reuse, 2003.

G. N. Karaki, GERMINATION, SODIUM, AND POTASSIUM CONCENTRATIONS OF BARLEY SEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY SALINITY, Journal of Plant Nutrition, vol.69, issue.3, pp.511-522, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1984.tb04103.x

R. M. Kirby, J. Bartran, and R. Carr, Water in food production and processing: quantity and quality concerns, Food Control, vol.14, issue.5, pp.283-299, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0956-7135(02)00090-7

E. Kupidlowska, M. Kowalec, G. Sulkowski, and A. M. Zobel, The Effect of Coumarins on Root Elongation and Ultrastructure of Meristematic Cell Protoplast, Annals of Botany, vol.73, issue.5, pp.525-530, 1994.
DOI : 10.1006/anbo.1994.1065

L. Kandra, G. Gyemant, A. Zajacz, and G. Batta, Inhibitory effects of tannin on human salivary ?-amylase, Biochemical and biophysical research communications, pp.1265-1271, 2004.

M. A. Lemos, J. C. Olivieira, and J. A. Savaira, Influence of pH on the Thermal Inactivation Kinetics of Horseradish Peroxidase in Aqueous Solution, LWT - Food Science and Technology, vol.33, issue.5, pp.362-368, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/fstl.2000.0694

C. Lenoir, F. Corbineau, and D. Côme, Barley (Hordeum vulgare) seed dormancy as related to glumella characteristics, Physiologia Plantarum, vol.11, issue.2, pp.301-307, 1986.
DOI : 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1956.tb02868.x

C. R. Lerici and L. Manzocco, Biological Activity of Ethanol in Relation to its Vapour Pressure. Note 1: Inactivation of Polyphenoloxidase in Model Systems, LWT - Food Science and Technology, vol.33, issue.8, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/fstl.2000.0720

A. Lovegrove and R. Hooley, Gibberellin and abscisic acid signalling in aleurone, Trends in Plant Science, vol.5, issue.3, pp.102-110, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01571-5

M. Entyre, E. Ruan, R. Fulcher, and R. G. , Comparison of water absorption patterns in two barley cultivars, using magnetic resonance imaging, Cereal Chemistry, issue.6, pp.75-792, 1998.

M. Gregor and A. W. , The effect of barley structure and composition on malt quality, Proc. EBC Congress, pp.37-50, 1991.

M. Gregor, A. W. Fincher, and G. B. , Carbohydrates of the barley grain Barley: Chemistry and technology, pp.70-130, 1993.

M. Kenzie, K. S. Sarr, A. B. Mayura, K. Bailey, R. Miller et al., Oxidative degradation and detoxification of mycotoxins using a novel source of ozone, Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol.35, pp.807-820, 1997.

M. Leod and A. , The physiology of malting, Food Science and Technology a Series of Monographs, pp.145-232, 1979.

M. Murrough, I. Loughrey, M. J. Hnnigan, and G. P. , Content of (+)-catechin and proanthocyanidins in barley and malt grain, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, vol.29, issue.1, pp.62-72, 1983.
DOI : 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1969.tb03184.x

S. T. Maghribi, Recherche sur les moisissures toxinogènes des orges de brasserie et des malts, Thèse en sciences, 1985.

M. Maillard, Contribution à l'amélioration de la stabilité organoleptique de la bière: suivi du comportement de quelques anti-oxydants endogènes de l'orge et du malt, Thèse de Doctorat, pp.16-29, 1996.

M. Maillard, M. H. Soum, P. Boivin, and C. Berset, Antioxidant Activity of Barley and Malt: Relationship with Phenolic Content, LWT - Food Science and Technology, vol.29, issue.3, pp.238-244, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/fstl.1996.0035

M. Marcucci and L. Tognotti, Reuse of wastewater for industrial needs: the Pondera case, Resources Conservation and Recycling, pp.249-259, 2002.

L. Massart, H. Hilderson, and C. Van-sumere, Germination inhibitors in barley, pp.7-10, 1958.

A. Maurel, Techniques séparatives à membrane, Considérations théoriques, Techniques de l'Ingénieur, p.2790, 1993.

A. G. Morgan, A. A. Gilland, and D. B. Smith, SOME BARLEY GRAIN AND GREEN MALT PROPERTIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON MALT HOT-WATER EXTRACT: II. PROTEIN, PROTEINASE AND MOISTURE, Journal of the Institute of Brewing, vol.91, issue.4, pp.292-298, 1983.
DOI : 10.1017/S0021859600060020

J. S. Swanston and S. M. Glidewel, Relationship between barley hordeins and malting quality in a mutant of cv, Triumph. II. Genetic and Environmental effects on water uptake Journal of cereal Science, vol.36, pp.39-50, 2002.

L. Narziss, The effect of germination factors on the completion of the malting process and the quality of malt, Proc. EBC Congress, Interlaken, pp.77-97, 1969.

L. Narziss, G. Et, and . Friedrich, Influence of air rests during steeping on malt enzyme activity, pp.229-234, 1970.

M. C. Nicolas and P. Boivin, Influence positive et négative de la microflore sur le maltage, Coordinateur Brasseurs-Malteurs-IFBM, 1990.

M. Noronha, T. Britz, V. Mavrov, H. D. Janke, and H. Chmiel, Treatment of spent process water from a fruit juice company for purposes of reuse: hybrid process concept and on-site test operation of a pilot plant, Desalination, vol.143, issue.2, pp.183-196, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0011-9164(02)00239-4

U. S. Orlando, T. Okuda, A. U. Baes, W. Nishijima, and M. Okada, Chemical properties of anion exchangers prepared from waste natural materials, Reactive and functional polymers, pp.311-318, 2003.

K. Palma and A. R. And-kermode, Metabolism of hydrogen peroxide during reserve mobilization and programmed cell death of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) aleurone layer cells, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol.35, issue.10, pp.35-1261, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0891-5849(03)00511-2

G. H. Palmer, Cereals in malting and brewing, Cereal Science and Technology, éd, p.61, 1989.

A. Piendl, Barley variety and malting technology as influencing factors on the properties of malt ? An evaluation by means of the analysis of variance, Quarterly, vol.13, issue.2, pp.131-141, 1976.

M. Podbielkowska, M. Piwocka, E. Waskowska, . Waleza, and A. M. Zobel, Effect of Coumarin and its Derivatives on Mitosis and Ultrastructure of Meristematic Cells, Pharmaceutical Biology, vol.217, issue.1, pp.7-15, 1995.
DOI : 10.1126/science.7100920

J. R. Pollock and M. Moll, Brewing Science, Vol1, Food Science and Technology, pp.47-50, 1979.

M. S. Rawat, G. Pant, D. Prasad, R. K. Joshi, and C. B. Pande, Plant growth inhibitors (Proanthocyanidins) from Prunus armeniaca, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, vol.26, issue.1, pp.13-23, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00080-X

G. S. Robbins, J. Chesters, and A. D. Dickson, Quantitative changes in free amino acids during malting of two barley varieties, Proc. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem, pp.141-148, 1963.

C. Robert, F. Richard-forget, C. Rouch, M. Pabion, and F. Cadet, A kinetic study of the inhibition of palmito polyphenol oxidase by L-cysteine, The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, vol.28, issue.4, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/1357-2725(95)00148-4

T. Robinson, B. Chandran, G. Sathya-naidu, and P. Nigam, Studies on the removal of dyes from a synthetic textile effluent using barley husk in static-batch mode and in a continuous flow, packed-bed, reactor, Bioresource Technology, vol.85, issue.1, pp.43-49, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00070-6

V. L. Santos and V. R. Linardi, Biodegradation of phenol by a filamentous fungi isolated from industrial effluents???identification and degradation potential, Process Biochemistry, vol.39, issue.8, pp.1-7, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-9592(03)00201-2

S. Schildbach, Water management in malthouses ? best practice and its impact on malt quality, Proceedings of the 30 th EBC Congress, 2005.

S. Shabala, I. Newman, S. Wilson, and R. Clark, Nutrient uptake patterns over the surface of germinating wheat seeds, Aust. J. Plant. Physiol, vol.27, pp.89-97, 2000.

I. A. Shiklomanov, Assessment of water resources and water availability in the world Report for the comprehensive assessment of the freshwater resources of the world, United Nations, 1998.

S. Malteurop, Elaboration des malts utilises en brasserie, p.6200, 2000.

L. Somasundaran and J. R. Coats, Pesticide transformation products; fate and significance in the environment, ACS Symposium Series, vol.459, 1991.

L. Stoloff, Occurrence of mycotoxins in food and feeds, Mycotoxins and Other Fungal Related Food Problems, pp.23-50, 1976.

D. L. Sudakin, Trichothecenes in the environment: relevance to human health (Minireview), Toxicology letters, pp.97-107, 2003.

J. Van-beckum, M. , M. Wang, and M. , Effect of short chain fatty acids on physiology of barley grains cv . triumph with different level of dormancy, Plant Sciences, pp.153-160, 1994.

R. Van-'t-oever, Is sumberged best?, Filtration and Separation, pp.24-27, 2005.

J. Varga, K. Rigo, and J. Téren, Degradation of ochratoxin A by Aspergillus species, International Journal of Food Microbiology, vol.59, issue.1-2, pp.1-7, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-1605(00)00230-0

J. Varga, Z. Péteri, K. Tabori, J. Téren, and C. Vagvölgyi, Degradation of ochratoxin A and other mycotoxins by Rhizopus isolates, International Journal of Food Microbiology, vol.99, issue.3, pp.321-328, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.10.034

R. L. Wain, Review Lecture: Some Developments in Research on Plant Growth Inhibitors, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.191, issue.1104, pp.335-352, 1975.
DOI : 10.1098/rspb.1975.0132

H. Waller, Respiratory quotient of germinating barley, Brauwissenschaft, pp.41-47, 1967.

Y. S. Wei, R. T. Van-houten, A. R. Borger, D. H. Eikelboom, and Y. Fan, Minimization of excess sludge production for biological wastewater treatment, Water Research, vol.37, issue.18, pp.4453-4467, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00441-X

A. Yanagida, T. Kanda, T. Shoji, M. Ohnishi-kameyama, and T. Nagata, Fractionation of apple procyanidins by size-exclusion chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, vol.855, issue.1, pp.181-190, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00684-6

J. C. Young, H. Zhu, and T. Zhou, Degradation of trichothecene mycotoxins by aqueous ozone, Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol.44, issue.3, pp.417-424, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fct.2005.08.015

S. Zhang, R. Van-houten, D. H. Eikelboom, H. Doddema, Z. Jiang et al., Sewage treatment by a low energy membrane bioreactor, Bioresource Technology, vol.90, issue.2, pp.185-192, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00115-9

A. M. Zobel and S. A. Brown, Coumarins in the interactions between the plant and its environment, Allelopathy Journal, vol.2, issue.1, pp.9-20, 1995.