X. 3. Conclusions-et-r-´-eflexions-sur-l-', APPROCHE DNLR de faits phénoménologiques pour différents matériaux et dans des conditions de sollicitation variées (excitations mécaniques ou thermiques, trajets de chargement complexes) Sa structure de base repose sur l'´ ecriture de la composante irréversible des variables d'´ etat par le biais de cinétiques de relaxation du premier ordre

. Dans-l-'espace-temporel, cela revientàécrirerevientàrevientàécrire cette composante inélastique sous la forme d'une série de Prony, chaque exponentielle impliquant un temps de relaxation. Des réflexions sur la nature desévolutionsdesévolutions microstructurales intervenant dans un polymère semi-cristallin ont permis de mettre enévidenceenévidence une structure dite 'double-´ etage' mettant en jeu trois '´ etats' de lamatì ere : unétatunétat courant (réponsè a l'excitation)

X. 3. Discussionété, DISCUSSIONété mises enévidenceenévidence lors d'´ etudes similaires réalisées sur des suspensions liquides anisotropes . Par analogie avec celles-ci, un indice d'anisotropie de 0.6 tel qu'il est obtenu ici pour une vitesse de déformation de 0.02s ?1 et une déformation de 2 correspondàcorrespondà des diffuseurs très ovo¨?desovo¨?des (anisotropies des objets de l'ordre de 10 !) et bien orientés [10]. Ceci confirme toutes lesétudeslesétudes expérimentales basées sur la diffraction de rayons X qui montrent que la microstructure des PSC devient très fibreusè a de tels niveaux de déformation et s'accompagne d'un processus de fragmentation des lamelles cristallines

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