Eco-thermodynamics: economics and the second law, Ecological Economics, vol.26, issue.2, pp.189-209, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00101-8
Exergy, waste accounting, and life-cycle analysis, Energy, vol.23, issue.5, pp.355-363, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-5442(97)00076-5
Life cycle assessment and its application to process selection, design and optimisation, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.73, issue.1, pp.1-21, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1385-8947(99)00042-X
Modelling and allocation of CO2 emissions in a multiproduct industry: The case of oil refining, Applied Energy, vol.84, issue.7-8, pp.828-841, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.apenergy.2007.01.013
A thermodynamic framework for ecologically conscious process systems engineering, Computers & Chemical Engineering, vol.26, issue.2, pp.269-282, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0098-1354(01)00745-1
Analyse thermodynamique des dégradations d'´ energie, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Industries Chimiques de Nancy ,
Comparison of thermodynamic and environmental indexes of natural gas, syngas and hydrogen production processes, Energy, vol.29, issue.12-15, pp.2145-2159, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.018
Entropy Generation Minimization, Boca Raton, vol.39, issue.6, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0017-9310(95)00196-4
Fundamentals of exergy analysis, entropy generation minimization, and the generation of flow architecture, International Journal of Energy Research, vol.33, issue.7, pp.545-565, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0360-5442(94)90115-5
SFGP 2007 - The Effects of Sludge Digester Biogas Recovery on WWTP Ecological Impacts and Exergetic Balance, International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering, vol.6, issue.1, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.2202/1542-6580.1666
Analyse exergétique ,
The adoption of life cycle approaches by industry : patterns and impacts. Resource, Conservation and Recycling, pp.71-94, 1997. ,
Thermodynamique eténergétiqueeténergétique, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2005. ,
Outils et méthodologies de quantification des imapacts environnementaux des procédés, 2005. ,
Bilans environnementaux des procédés : préconisations pour l'affectation des impacts environnementaux en cas de coproduction, 2006. ,
The efficiency of industrial processes : exergy analysis and optimization, 1994. ,
Application of life cycle assessment to chemical processes, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.56, issue.8, pp.2589-2604, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00511-X
Desulfurisation of gas oil, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol.9, issue.5, pp.465-472, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0959-6526(01)00006-3
Life cycle assessment of urban waste management: Energy performances and environmental impacts. The case of Rome, Italy, Waste Management, vol.28, issue.12, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.11.011
Elaboration d'un protocole d'analyse de cycle de vie des procédés, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de, 1999. ,
Environmental assessment of flue gas cleaning processes of municipal solid waste incinerators by means of the life cycle assessment approach, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.58, issue.10, pp.2053-2064, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(03)00056-3
The Application of Life Cycle Assessment to Integrated Solid Waste Management, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, vol.78, issue.4, pp.279-287, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1205/095758200530790
Thermodynamics and sustainable development. The use of exergy analysis and the reduction of irreversibility, 1997. ,
The value of the exergetic life cycle assessment besides the lca. Energy Conversion and Management, pp.1417-1424, 2002. ,
Environmental assessment and extended exergy analysis of a ???zero CO2 emission???, high-efficiency steam power plant, Energy, vol.31, issue.15, pp.3186-3198, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.energy.2006.03.025
Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from a scgt/cc by ammonia solution absorption -preliminary results, International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol.7, pp.173-181, 2004. ,
A multi-criteria approach to evaluate the natural gas energy systems, Energy Policy, vol.35, issue.11, pp.5754-5765, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.enpol.2007.06.024
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00245439
A life cycle impact of the natural gas used in the energy sector in Romania, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol.15, issue.15, pp.1451-1462, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jclepro.2006.03.011
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00245501
Life Cycle Inventories for the Nuclear and Natural Gas Energy Systems, and Examples of Uncertainty Analysis (14 pp), The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, vol.10, issue.1, pp.10-23, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1065/lca2004.12.181.2
Exergy analysis of an operating boiling water reactor nuclear power station. Energy conversion and management, pp.149-159, 1995. ,
The thermoeconomics of energy conversions, 2003. ,
Proposal for a directive of the european parliament and of the council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, 2008. ,
Scgt/cc : An innovative cycle with advanced environmental and peakload shaving features. Energy conversion and management, pp.1647-1653, 1997. ,
L'approche exergétique dans le cadre de l'´ elaboration d'un concepténergétique concepténergétique liéliéà une loi sur l'´ energie, Présentation Carnot, 2006. ,
On exergy and sustainable development???Part 2: Indicators and methods, Exergy, An International Journal, vol.1, issue.4, pp.217-233, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1164-0235(01)00030-9
Sur l'´ energie utilisable, Journal de physique, vol.8, pp.501-518, 1889. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00239008
Towards sustainability: energy efficiency, thermodynamic analysis, and the ???two cultures???, Energy Policy, vol.32, issue.16, pp.1789-1798, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.enpol.2003.09.015
Udo de Haes, and Wegener Sleeswijk A. Environmental life cycle assessment of products, 1992. ,
Bruts, raffinage, produits, schéma de fabrication, 2006. ,
Life Cycle Assessment for Emerging Technologies: Case Studies for Photovoltaic and Wind Power (11 pp), The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, vol.10, issue.1, pp.24-34, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1065/lca2004.11.181.3
Global warming ??? facts, assessment, countermeasures, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, vol.26, issue.1-4, pp.157-168, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0920-4105(00)00030-9
The exergy method of thermal plant analysis, 1995. ,
Assessment of the ecological potential of microreaction technology, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.62, issue.4, pp.1094-1100, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.ces.2006.11.009
L'analyse de cycle de vie : réalisation de l'inventaire, 1998. ,
La valeur de l'´ energie a-t-elle une basé economique, ´ ecologique ou technique ? critère d'optimisation enénergétiqueenénergétique industrielle, pp.68-98, 1979. ,
OptimisationénergétiqueOptimisationénergétique etéconomiqueetéconomique comparées de systèmes industriels . Entropie, pp.136-146, 1990. ,
CommentévaluerCommentévaluer la performance d'un convertisseur d'exergie : rendement, efficacité ou effectivité, 1995. ,
Energétique industrielle, 1979. ,
Critical review of life cycle analysis and assessment techniques and their applications to commercial activities. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, pp.37-56, 1995. ,
The theory and practice of energy saving in the chemical industry: some methods for reducing thermodynamic irreversibility in chemical technology processes, Energy, vol.28, issue.1, pp.55-97, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-5442(02)00107-X
Thoughts about future power generation systems and the role of exergy analysis in their development. Energy conversion and management, pp.1187-1198, 2002. ,
Life cycle assessment (lca) and exergetic life cycle assessment (elca) of a semi-closed gas turbine cycle with co 2 chemical absorption. Energy conversion and management, pp.101-114, 2001. ,
Life cycle assessment comparison of technical solutions for co 2 emissions reduction in power generation. Energy conversion and management, pp.93-108, 2003. ,
Thermodynamic and ecological evaluation of processes through the exergoecologiv improvement potential (eip), Proceedings of ECOS 2007, 2007. ,
Exergetic life cycle analysis of hydrogen production and storage systems for automotive applications, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol.29, issue.5, pp.537-545, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00087-9
Rendez-vousàvousà risques. Belin, Pour la Sciences, 2004. ,
Environmental Accounting, 1996. ,
Life cycle assessment Part 2: Current impact assessment practice, Environment International, vol.30, issue.5, pp.721-739, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.envint.2003.12.009
Exergy analysis of methanol from the sewage sludge process. Energy conversion and management, pp.1445-1457, 2002. ,
Life cycle assessment, Environment International, vol.30, issue.5, pp.701-720, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.envint.2003.11.005
Influence of impact assessment methods in wastewater treatment LCA, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol.16, issue.10, pp.1098-1105, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.06.003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00303486
Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing, Working Group II Report : Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, 2007. ,
Changes in human and natural drivers of climate. In Working Group I Report : The Physical Science Basis, 2007. ,
The efficiency of energy-utilization in chemical processes, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.29, issue.7, pp.1613-1620, 1974. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(74)87012-0
Application of the exergy concept in the petroleum refining and petrochemicals industry. Energy conversion and management, pp.1199-1220, 2002. ,
Exergy analysis of a reactive distillation mtbe unit, Int. J. Applied Thermodynamics, vol.4, pp.85-92, 2001. ,
Standard chemical exergy of elements updated, Energy, vol.31, issue.15, pp.3310-3326, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.energy.2006.03.020
Exergy as the confluence of energy, environment and sustainable development, Exergy, An International Journal, vol.1, issue.1, pp.3-13, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1164-0235(01)00004-8
L'analyse de cycle de vie : ´ evaluation des impacts, 1997. ,
Valeur environnementale de l'´ energie, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes (Suisse), Collection des sciences appliquées de l'INSA de Lyon, 2000. ,
Chemical Energy and Exergy, an introduction to chemical thermodynamics for engineers, 2004. ,
L'analyse de cycle de vie :probì emes d'affectation, 1998. ,
Emergy and exergy analyses: Complementary methods or irreducible ideological options?, Energy, vol.30, issue.10, pp.1953-1988, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.energy.2004.08.003
A brief commented history of exergy : from beginnings to, International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol.10, pp.1-26, 2004. ,
Exergetic pollution potential: Estimating the revocability of chemical pollution, Exergy, An International Journal, vol.2, issue.4, pp.273-282, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1164-0235(02)00066-3
Exergy method, technical and ecological applications, 2005. ,
Exergy analysis of thermal, chemical, and metallurgical processes. Hemisphere publishing corporation, 1988. ,
Environmental life cycle assessment of the microfiltration process, Journal of Membrane Science, vol.284, issue.1-2, pp.214-226, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.07.047
Impact de l'´ evaluation de la demande de produits pétroliers sur la consommation d'´ energie et lesémissionslesémissions de CO 2 des raffineries, 2008. ,
Life-cycle assessment for energy analysis and management, Applied Energy, vol.84, issue.7-8, pp.817-827, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.apenergy.2007.01.012
A proposal for emissions calculations for chemical processes, part i. Ressources Conservation and Recycling, pp.280-299, 2006. ,
Life cycle assessment of wastewater treatment technologies treating petroleum process waters, Science of The Total Environment, vol.367, issue.1, pp.58-70, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.03.007
Exergy flows in industrial processes, Energy, vol.13, issue.2, pp.197-208, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0360-5442(88)90046-1
On exergy and sustainable development???Part??1: Conditions and concepts, Exergy, An International Journal, vol.1, issue.3, pp.128-145, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1164-0235(01)00020-6
Allocation of energy use in petroleum refineries to petroleum products, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, vol.14, issue.1, pp.34-44, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF02978534
A guide to life-cycle greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions from electric supply technologies. Energy, pp.1543-1559, 2007. ,
Concerns about climate change and the role of fossil fuel use, Fuel Processing Technology, vol.71, issue.1-3, pp.99-119, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00139-4
Le pétrole : raffinage et génie chimique, 1972. ,
Reformage catalytique. Techniques de l'ingénieur, traité Génie des Procédés, p.5915, 2004. ,
Ullman's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 1985. ,
Simapro 7, Introduction to LCA. PRé Consultants, Printerweg 18, 3821 AD Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 2004. ,
Simapro 7, Tutorial. PRé Consultants, Printerweg 18, 3821 AD Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 2004. ,
Kinetic and modelling study of methane steam reforming over sulfide nickel catalyst on a gamma alumina support, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.112, issue.1-3, pp.1-11, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.cej.2005.06.004
Hydrodesulfurization of thiophene over cobalt-molybdenum, nickel-molybdenum, and nickel-tungsten/alumina catalysts: kinetics and adsorption, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.29, issue.7, pp.1147-1152, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1021/ie00103a010
Reforming of C6 hydrocarbons on a Pt???Al2O3 catalyst, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.37, issue.5, pp.759-773, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(82)85037-9
Handbook of petroleum refining processes, Second Edition, 1996. ,
The properties of gases and liquids, 5 th edition, 2001. ,
Data transfer system and user added subroutines user's guide, United States of America, 2004. ,
Reforming of C7 hydrocarbons on a sulfided commercial platinum/alumina catalyst, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.27, issue.1, pp.51-57, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1021/ie00073a012
Génie de la réaction chimique, conception et fonctionnement des réacteurs, 1985. ,
Le pétrole : raffinage et génie chimique, 1972. ,
Lca of current coal, gas and nuclear electricity systems and electricity mix in the USA, 2004. ,
Simapro Database Manual, The ETH-ESU 96 libraries. Pré Consultants, Printerweg 18, 3821 AD Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 2004. ,
Simapro 7, Introduction to LCA. PRé Consultants, Printerweg 18, 3821 AD Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 2004. ,
Simapro 7, Tutorial. PRé Consultants, Printerweg 18, 3821 AD Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 2004. ,
The Eco-Indicator 99, a damage oriented approach for LCIA. Ministry VROM, The Hague, The Netherlands, 1999. ,
Data transfer system and user added subroutines user's guide, United States of America, 2004. ,
A guide to life-cycle greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions from electric supply technologies. Energy, pp.1543-1559, 2007. ,
Thermodynamique eténergétiqueeténergétique, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2005. ,
The efficiency of industrial processes : exergy analysis and optimization, 1994. ,
L'approche exergétique dans le cadre de l'´ elaboration d'un concepténergétique concepténergétique liéliéà une loi sur l'´ energie, Présentation Carnot, 2006. ,
Sur l'´ energie utilisable, Journal de physique, vol.8, pp.501-518, 1889. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00239008
VLE predictions with the Peng???Robinson equation of state and temperature dependent kij calculated through a group contribution method, Fluid Phase Equilibria, vol.224, issue.2, pp.285-304, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.fluid.2004.06.059
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706080
Extension of the PPR78 model (predictive 1978, Peng???Robinson EOS with temperature dependent kij calculated through a group contribution method) to systems containing aromatic compounds, Fluid Phase Equilibria, vol.237, issue.1-2, pp.193-211, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.fluid.2005.09.003
The exergy method of thermal plant analysis, 1995. ,
Energétique industrielle, 1979. ,
Chemical Energy and Exergy, an introduction to chemical thermodynamics for engineers, 2004. ,
Exergy method, technical and ecological applications, 2005. ,
Exergy analysis of thermal, chemical, and metallurgical processes. Hemisphere publishing corporation, 1988. ,
Thermodynamique, application au génie chimique etàetà l'industriepétrolì ere, Editions Technip, 1997. ,
Extension of the PPR78 model (Predictive 1978, Peng???Robinson EOS with temperature dependent kij calculated through a group contribution method) to systems containing naphtenic compounds, Fluid Phase Equilibria, vol.243, issue.1-2, pp.9-28, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.fluid.2006.02.004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706108
Exergy flows in industrial processes. Energy10. CONCLUSION 5.10 Conclusion L'´ etude réalisée a permis d'appréhender l'association de deux outils complémentaires permettant d'estimer l'impact environnemental d'un procédé : l', pp.197-208, 1988. ,
exergie détruite dans le procédé a ´ eté mis enévidence enévidence en variant la température d'entrée des réacteurs pour une charge donnée : plus l'exergie détruite augmente, plus lesémissionslesémissions de GES augmentent ; ce lien est cependant fonction de la charge traitée. Cette dépendance s'explique par le fait que les produits aux bornes ne sont pas identiques ,
allocation la plus adaptée semblê etre le pro rata exergétique oú energétique, car il a l'avantage de prendre en compte le contenú energétique plutôt que la quantité de produit, ce qui est plus représentatif de la fonction principale de ce procédé de production d'´ energie. Il a aussi l'avantage de s'affranchir defilì eres de substitution parfois inexistantes, Ceci est en accord avec la recommendation de la directive européenne ,
La relation mise enévidenceenévidence est la suivante : plus l'exergie détruite augmente, plus lesémissionslesémissions de GES augmentent Ce résultat s'explique comme suit. L'exergie détruite dans le procédé est essentiellement liée aux irréversibilités relatives aux transferts d'´ energie, eux-mêmes liés aux rejets de GES. La relation dépend de la charge traitée et aucune relation absolue entre exergie détruite et rejets de GES ne peutêtrepeutêtre obtenue ,