, Le pH est mesuré dans l'eau et dans le chlorure de potassium 1,0 N en utilisant un rapport sol

P. T. Alvim, An appraisal of perennial crops in the Amazon Basin Amazonia : Agriculture and land use research, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, pp.311-328, 1982.

D. W. Anderson, S. Saggar, J. R. Bettany, and J. W. Stewart, Particle Size Fractions and Their Use in Studies of Soil Organic Matter: I. The Nature and Distribution of Forms of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur1, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.45, issue.4, pp.767-772, 1981.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1981.03615995004500040018x

F. Andreux, S. Bruckert, A. Correa, and B. Et-souchier, Sur une méthode de fractionnement physique et chimique des agrégats des sols : origines possibles de la matière organique des fractions obtenues, C.R. Acad. Sc. Paris, pp.381-385, 1980.

F. Andreux, C. C. Cerri, P. B. Eduardo-de, . Et-choné, and . Th, Humus contents and transformations in native and cultivated soils, Science of The Total Environment, vol.90, pp.249-265, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0048-9697(90)90197-3

F. Andreux, Humus in world soils The Role and Action of Humic Substances in Terrestrial Ecosystems, pp.45-100, 1996.

J. Balesdent, G. H. Wagner, and A. Mariotti, Soil Organic Matter Turnover in Long-term Field Experiments as Revealed by Carbon-13 Natural Abundance, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.52, issue.1, pp.118-124, 1988.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200010021x

P. W. Barnes, L. L. Tieszen, and D. J. Et-ode, -dominated communities in a mixed prairie, Canadian Journal of Botany, vol.61, issue.3, pp.741-751, 1983.
DOI : 10.1139/b83-083

. Barois-1, G. Villemin, P. Lavelle, and F. Et-toutain, Transformation of the soil structure through Pontoscolex corethrurus (oligachaeta) intestinal tract, Geoderma, vol.56, pp.37-55, 1991.

F. Bartoli, R. Philippy, and G. Et-burtin, Aggregation in soils with small amounts of swelling clays. I. Aggregate stability, Journal of Soil Science, vol.14, issue.2, pp.593-616, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-011-6017-9

, Référettces bibliographiques

F. Bartoli, R. Philippy, and G. Et-burtin, Influence of organic matter on aggregation in Oxisols rich in gibbsite or in goethite. I. Structures: the fractal approach, Geoderma, vol.54, issue.1-4, pp.231-257, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(92)90107-I

F. Bartoli, G. Burtin, and J. Et-guérif, Influence of organic matter in Oxisols rich in gibbsite or in goethite. Il Clay dispersion, aggregate strength and water-stability, Geoderma, vol.54, pp.254-274, 1992.

E. Barriuso, J. M. Portal, and F. Et-andreux, Cinétique et mécanisme de l'hydrolyse acide de la matière organique d, 1987.

, Can. J. Soil Sc, vol.67, pp.647-658

M. M. Bender, Variations in the 13C/12C ratios of plants in relation to the pathway of photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation, Phytochemistry, vol.10, issue.6, pp.1239-1244, 1971.
DOI : 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84324-1

J. Berthelin, C. Leyval, and F. Et-toutain, Biologie des sols et rôle des organismes dans l'altération et l'humification, (Éditeurs). Pédologie. 2. Constituants et propriétés du sol. (2ème Édition) Masson Paris, pp.143-221, 1994.

G. R. Blake, Bulk density Methods of soil analysis, Amer. Soc. Agronomy, pp.374-390, 1965.

E. Blanchart, P. Lavelle, and A. V. Et-spain, Effects of two species of tropical earthworms (Oligochaeta : Eudrilidae) on the size distribution of aggregates in an African soil, Rev. Écolog. Biol. Sol, vol.26, pp.417-425, 1989.

E. Blanchart, P. Lavelle, and A. V. Et-spain, Effects of biomass and size of Millsonia anomala (Oligachaeta : Acanthodrilidae) on particle size aggregation in a tropical soil in the presence of Panicum Maximum (Gramineae), Biol. Fertil. Soils, pp.113-120, 1990.

H. L. Bohn, Estimate of Organic Carbon in World Soils: II1, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.46, issue.5, pp.468-470, 1976.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600050050x

H. L. Bohn, Estimate of Organic Carbon in World Soils: II1, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.46, issue.5, pp.1118-1119, 1982.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600050050x

B. Ph and . De-1~73-de-boissezon, Les matières organiques des sols ferrallitiques, Editeurs) Les sols ferrallitiques. ORSTOM Paris I.D.T. n°21, T.IV, pp.9-66

T. A. Bonde, B. T. Christensen, and C. C. Et-cerri, Dynamics of soil organic matter as reflected by natural 13C abundance in particle size fractions of forested and cultivated oxisols, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.24, issue.3, pp.275-277, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(92)90230-U

, Références bibliographiques

J. G. Boonman, East Africa's grasses and fodders : Their ecology and husbandry. Tasks for Vegetation Science, 1993.

M. Bouché, F. Toutain, and Z. Et-rafidison, Étude de l'alimentation et du brassage pédo-intestinal du lombricien Nicodrilus velox (Annelida, lumbricidoe) par l'analyse élémentaire, Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol, vol.20, pp.49-75, 1983.

A. F. Bouwman, Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere Soils and the greenhouse effects, 1990.

W. L. Brinkman and J. C. Et-nascimento, The effect of slash-and-burn agriculture on plant nutrients in Tertiary region of Central Amazônia, Acta Amazonica, vol.3, pp.155-161, 1973.

S. Brown and A. E. Et-lugo, Effects of forest clearing and succession on the carbon and nitrogen content of soils in Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands, Plant and Soil, vol.16, issue.1, pp.53-64, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00010931

M. N. Camargo, E. Kahn, and J. H. Et-kaufmann, Sistema brasileiro de classificaçao de solos, Boletim Inf. Soc. Bras. Ci. Solo, Campinas, vol.12, pp.11-13, 1987.

C. C. Cerri, B. Volkoff, and F. Et-andreux, Nature and behaviour of organic matter in soils under natural forest, and after deforestation, burning and cultivation, near Manaus, Forest Ecology and Management, vol.38, issue.3-4, pp.247-257, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1127(91)90146-M

R. Chaussod, S. Houot, G. Guiraud, and J. M. Et-hétier, Size and turnover of the microbial biomass in agricultural soils : laboratory and field experiments Nitrogen efficiency in agricultural soils, pp.312-326, 1988.

A. Chauvel, Os latossolos amarelos, ??licos, argilosos dentro dos ecossistemas das bacias experimentais do INPA e da regi??o vizinha, Acta Amazonica, vol.12, issue.suppl 3, pp.47-60, 1982.
DOI : 10.1590/1809-43921982123S047

A. Chauvel, J. Guillaumet, and H. O. Et-schubart, Importance et distribution des racines et des êtres vivants dans un "latossol" argileux sous forêt amazonienne, Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol, vol.24, issue.1, pp.19-48, 1987.

A. Chauvel, M. Grimaldi, and D. Et-tessier, Changes in soil pore-space distribution following deforestation and revegetation: An example from the Central Amazon Basin, Brazil, Forest Ecology and Management, vol.38, issue.3-4, pp.259-271, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1127(91)90147-N

T. Choné, F. Andreux, J. C. Correa, B. Volkoff, and C. C. Et-cerri, Changes in organic matter in an Oxisol from the Central Amazonian forest during eight years as pasture determined by 13C isotopie composition Diversity of Environmental Biogeochemistry, pp.397-405, 1991.

B. T. Christensen and L. H. Et-sorensen, The distribution of native and labelled carbon between soil particle size fractions isolated from long-term incubation experiments, Journal of Soil Science, vol.21, issue.2, pp.219-229, 1985.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1985.tb00326.x

B. T. Christensen, Decomposability of organic matter in particle size fractions from field soils with straw incorporation, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.19, issue.4, pp.429-435, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(87)90034-4

V. Dawod and E. A. Et-fitzpatrick, Some population sizes and effects of the Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) on soil structure in a selection of Scottish soils, Geoderma, vol.56, issue.1-4, pp.173-178, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(93)90108-W

P. Deines, The isotopie composition of reduced organic matter Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry, pp.329-406, 1980.

D. Th, Variations de la distribution des matières organiques (Carbone total et 13C) dans les sols ferrallitiques du Brésil. Modifications consécutives à la déforestation et à la mise en culture en Amazonie orientale, Thèse Doct. Uni. Nancy, p.144, 1991.

·. Desjardins-th, F. Andreux, B. Volkoff, and C. C. Et-cerri, Organic carbon and 13C contents in soils and soil size-fractions, and their changes due to deforestation and pasture installation in eastern Amazonia, Geoderma, vol.61, issue.1-2, pp.103-118, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(94)90013-2

R. P. Detwiller, Land use change and the global carbon cycle: the role of tropical soils, Biogeochemistry, vol.199, issue.1, pp.67-93, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4899-5016-1_7

R. P. Detwiller and C. A. Hall, Tropical Forests and the Global Carbon Cycle, Science, vol.239, issue.4835, pp.42-47, 1988.
DOI : 10.1126/science.239.4835.42

W. A. Didden, Involvement of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) in soil structure evolution in agricultural fields, Biology and Fertility of Soils, vol.23, issue.2, pp.152-158, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00335799

J. A. Diez, A. Polo, C. C. Cerri, and F. Et-andreux, Influênça do pousio e da pastagem sobre a dinâmica de nutrientes em oxissolos recentemente desflorestados na Amazônia oriental, Pesq. Agropec. Bras, vol.26, issue.1, pp.77-83, 1991.

M. Doirisse, Note technique concernant le prélèvement, l'imprégnation et la confection de lames minces de sols au Centre de Pédologie Biologique, Note technique CPB/CNRS, p.32, 1989.

D. Ph, Abrégé de Pédologie, 1995.

D. Ph, F. Bartoli, F. Andreux, J. M. Portal, and A. Et-ange, Influence of content and nature of organic matter on the structure of sorne sandy soils from West Africa, Geoderma, vol.56, pp.459-478, 1993.

S. Dutra, E. A. Serrao, J. B. Veiga, S. Da, M. Neto et al., Sistemas de produçao pecuaria na regiao de Paragominas, In : Meeting of Int. Network on Tropical Pasture Evaluation, vol.2, pp.1083-1089, 1990.

R. S. Dzurec, T. W. Boutton, M. M. Caldwell, and B. N. Smith, Carbon isotopie ratios of soil organic matter and their use in assessing community composition change in Curlew Valley, pp.17-24, 1985.

M. J. Eden, P. A. Furley, D. F. Mc-gregor, W. Milliken, and J. A. Et-ratter, Effect of forest clearance and burning on soil properties in northern Roraima, Brazil, Forest Ecology and Management, vol.38, issue.3-4, pp.283-290, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1127(91)90149-P

M. J. Eden, D. F. Mcgregor, and N. A. Vieira, Pasture Development on Cleared Forest Land in Northern Amazonia, The Geographical Journal, vol.156, issue.3, pp.283-296, 1991.
DOI : 10.2307/635529

A. P. Edwards and J. M. Et-bremner, DISPERSION OF SOIL PARTICLES BY SONIC VIBRATION1, Journal of Soil Science, vol.21, issue.1, pp.47-63, 1967.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1967.tb01487.x

E. T. Elliot and D. C. Et-coleman, Let the soil work for us, Ecol. Bull, vol.39, pp.1-10, 1988.

P. M. Fearnside, Os efeitos das pastagens sobre a fertilidade do solo na Amaz??nia Brasileira: consequ??ncias para a sustentabilidade de produ????o bovina, Acta Amazonica, vol.10, issue.1, pp.119-132, 1980.
DOI : 10.1590/1809-43921980101119

P. M. Fearnside, Brazil's amazon forest and the global carbon problem, Interciencia, vol.10, pp.179-186, 1985.

J. B. Feigl, J. Melillo, and C. C. Et-cerri, Changes in the origin and quality of soil organic matter after pasture introduction in Rond??nia (Brazil), Plant and Soil, vol.102, issue.n??4, pp.21-29, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-2930-8_1

C. Feller, La matière organique dans les sols tropicaux à argiles 1:1. Recherche de compartiments organiques fonctionnels. Une approche granulométrique, Thèse Doct. Univ. Louis Pasteur, 1994.

C. Feller, A. Albrecht, and D. Et-tessier, Aggregation and organic carbon storage in kaolinitic and smectitic tropical soils, In : Advances in Soil Science, 1995.

J. C. Fiès, Analyse de la r??partition du volume des pores dans les assemblages argile-squelettes : comparaison entre un mod??le d'espace poral textural et les donn??es fournies par la porosim??trie au mercure, Agronomie, vol.4, issue.9, pp.319-355, 1984.
DOI : 10.1051/agro:19840911

, Références bibliographiques

J. C. Fiès, Analysis of Soil Textural Porosity Relative to Skeleton Particle Size, Using Mercury Porosimetry, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.56, issue.4, pp.1062-1067, 1992.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600040009x

J. C. Fiès and A. Et-bruand, Textural porosity analysis of a silty clay soil using pore volume balance estimation, mercury porosimetry and quantified backscattered electron scanning image (BESI), Geoderma, vol.47, issue.3-4, pp.209-219, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(90)90029-9

J. M. Flexor and B. Volkoff, Distribution de l'isotope stable 13C dans la matière organique d'un sol ferrallitique de l'État de Bahia, C.R. Acad. Sei. Paris, Série D, vol.284, pp.1655-1657, 1977.

R. Gombeer and J. Et-d-'hoore, Induced migration of clay and other moderately mobile soil constituents. III. Critical soil/water dispersion ratio, colloid stability and electrophoretic mobility, pp.311-342, 1971.

J. Hassink, Organic matter dynamics and N mineralization in grassland soils, 1995.

S. D. Hecht, Deforestation in the Amazon basin: magnitude, dynamics and soil resource effects. Stud, Third World Soc, vol.13, pp.663-684, 1981.

R. Houghton and G. Et-woodwell, Le réchauffement de la terre, Pour la Science, vol.140, pp.22-30, 1989.

R. A. Houghton, D. L. Skole, and D. S. Et-lefkowitz, Changes in the landscape of Latin America between 1850 and 1985 II. Net release of CO2 to the atmosphere, Forest Ecology and Management, vol.38, issue.3-4, pp.173-199, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1127(91)90141-H

I. N. , Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 1992.

E. Jearuoy, Analyse totale par spectrométrie d'adsorption atomique des roches, sols, minéraux, ciments après fusion au metaborate de strontium, Analusis, vol.2, pp.703-712, 1974.

D. S. Jenkinson and J. H. Et-rayner, THE TURNOVER OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SOME OF THE ROTHAMSTED CLASSICAL EXPERIMENTS, Soil Science, vol.123, issue.5, pp.298-305, 1977.
DOI : 10.1097/00010694-197705000-00005

J. A. Jones, THE ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT OF THE SAVANNA SOILS OF WEST AFRICA, Journal of Soil Science, vol.2, issue.1, pp.42-53, 1973.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1973.tb00740.x

N. G. Juma, Interrelationships between soil structure/texture, soil biota/soil organic matter and crop production, Geoderma, vol.57, issue.1-2, pp.3-30, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(93)90145-B

W. D. Kemper and R. C. Et-rosenau, Aggregate stability and size distribution, In: Methods of Soil Analysis, 1966.

, Agronomy Monograph n°9, Krute, pp.425-442

H. Klinge, W. A. Rodrigues, E. Brunig, and E. T. Et-fittkau, Biomass and structure in a central amazonian rain forest Tropical Ecological Systems, Ecological studies II, pp.115-122, 1975.

R. Lai, P. A. Sanchez, and R. W. Et-cummings, Land clearing and development in the Tropics, 1986.

H. Laudelout, J. Meyer, and A. Et-peeters, Les relations quantitatives entre la teneur en matières organiques du sol et le climat, Agricultura (Louvain), vol.8, issue.1, pp.103-140, 1960.

P. Lavelle, The Soil System in the Humid Tropics. Symposium "Savanna and Woodland Ecosystems in tropical America and Africa, Brasilia, pp.2-16, 1983.

P. Lavelle, Biological processes and productivity of soils in the humid tropics Geophysiology of Amazonia, 1987.

K. E. Lee, Earthworms: their ecology and relationships with soils and land use, 1985.

L. H. Liegel, An overview of carbon sequestration in soils of Latin America Organic carbon Sequestration in the Soils of Puerto Rico, 1992.

L. K. Mann, CHANGES IN SOIL CARBON STORAGE AFTER CULTIVATION, Soil Science, vol.142, issue.5, pp.279-288, 1986.
DOI : 10.1097/00010694-198611000-00006

A. Mariotti and J. Et-balesdent, 13C natural abundance as a tracer of soil organic matter turnover and paleoenvironment dynamics. Geochemistry of the Earth's surface and mineral formation, 2nd International symposium, pp.217-219, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2541(90)90218-v

A. Martin, A. Mariotti, J. Balesdent, P. Lavelle, and R. Et-vouattou-x, Estimate of organic matter turnover rate in a savanna soil by 13C natural abundance measurements, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.22, issue.4, pp.517-523, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(90)90188-6

P. F. Martins, Propriedades de solos sob floresta natural e sua alteraçao em consequência do desmatamento e cultive, na Amazônica oriental, p.233, 1987.
DOI : 10.1590/1809-43921990201028

URL : http://www.scielo.br/pdf/aa/v20/1809-4392-aa-20-0019.pdf

P. F. Martins, C. C. Cerri, B. Volkoff, F. Andreux, and A. Et-chauvel, Consequences of clearing and tillage on the soil of a natural Amazonian ecosystem, Forest Ecology and Management, vol.38, issue.3-4, pp.273-282, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1127(91)90148-O

, Références bibliographiques

W. A. Mcgill, J. A. Shields, and E. A. Paul, Relation between carbon and nitrogen turnover in soil organic fractions of microbial origin, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.7, issue.1, pp.57-63, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(75)90032-2

F. Meijboom, J. Hassink, and M. Et-noordwijk, Density fractionation of soil macroorganic matter using silica suspensions, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.27, issue.8, pp.1109-1111, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(95)00028-D

O. P. Mehra and M. L. Et-jackson, Iron Oxide Removal from Soils and Clays by a Dithionite-Citrate System Buffered with Sodium Bicarbonate, Clays and Clay Minerals, vol.7, issue.1, pp.317-327, 1960.
DOI : 10.1346/CCMN.1958.0070122

T. Mekaru and G. Et-uehara, Anion Adsorption in Ferruginous Tropical Soils1, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.36, issue.2, pp.296-300, 1972.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1972.03615995003600020027x

P. P. Motavalli, C. A. Palm, W. J. Parton, E. T. Eliott, and S. D. Frey, Comparison of laboratory and modeling simulation methods for estimating soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.26, issue.8, pp.26-935, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90106-6

J. F. Moraes-de, B. Volkoff, C. C. Cerri, and M. Et-bernoux, Soil properties under Amazon forest and changes due to pasture installation in Rond??nia, Brazil, Geoderma, vol.70, issue.1, pp.63-81, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(95)00072-0

S. A. Mori, B. M. Boom, and G. T. Et-prance, Distribution Patterns and Conservation of Eastern Brazilian Coastal Forest Tree Species, Brittonia, vol.33, issue.2, pp.233-245, 1981.
DOI : 10.2307/2806330

K. Mulongoy and R. Et-merckx, Soil Organic Matter dynamics and sustainability of Tropical agriculture, 1986.

C. Nascimento and A. Et-homma, Amazonia : meio ambiente e tecnologia agricola, p.27, 1984.

D. C. Nepstad, Forest regrowth in abandoned pastures of Eastern Amazonia: Limitations to three seedlings survival and growth, 1989.

P. Newbould, Losses and accumulation of organic matter in soils Land use seminar on soil degradation, pp.13-15, 1980.

E. Nimer, Clima In : Geografia do Brasil, Regüio Norte. Fundacao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica, Rio de Janeiro. IBGE, pp.39-58, 1977.

A. Nissenbaum and K. M. Et-shallinger, The distribution of the stable carbon isotope (13Cj12C) in fractions of soil organic matter, Geoderma, vol.11, pp.131-145, 1974.

, Références bibliographiques

J. M. Oades, Soil organic matter and structural stability: mechanisms and implications for management, Plant and Soil, vol.21, issue.1-3, pp.319-337, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02205590

J. M. Oades, The retention of organic matter in soils, Biogeochemistry, vol.14, issue.1, pp.35-70, 1988.
DOI : 10.1080/00288233.1964.10416373

W. J. Parton, D. S. Schimel, C. V. Cole, and D. S. Et-ojima, Analysis of Factors Controlling Soil Organic Matter Levels in Great Plains Grasslands1, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.51, issue.5, pp.1173-1179, 1987.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100050015x

J. M. Pires, Vegetaçao do Brasil, Brasil Florestal (V), vol.17, pp.48-58, 1974.

W. M. Post, W. R. Emanuel, P. J. Zinke, and A. G. Et-stangenberger, Soil carbon pools and world life zones, Nature, vol.37, issue.5870, pp.156-159, 1982.
DOI : 10.1038/scientificamerican0970-124

P. Puget, C. Chenu, and J. Et-balesdent, Total and young organic matter distributions in aggregates of silty cultivated soils, European Journal of Soil Science, vol.11, issue.3, pp.449-459, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90158-9

J. Rouiller, G. Burtin, and B. Et-souchier, La dispersion des sols dans l'analyse granulométrique. Méthode utilisant les résines échangeuses d'ions. Bull, ENSAIA Nancy XIV, pp.193-205, 1972.

E. Salati and P. B. Et-vose, Amazon Basin: A System in Equilibrium, Science, vol.225, issue.4658, pp.129-138, 1984.
DOI : 10.1126/science.225.4658.129

E. Salati, The climatology and hydrology of Amazonia, pp.167-267, 1986.

P. A. Sanchez, Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics, Soil Science, vol.124, issue.3, p.618, 1976.
DOI : 10.1097/00010694-197709000-00012

P. A. Sanchez, D. E. Bandy, J. H. Villachica, and J. J. Et-nicholaides, Amazon Basin Soils: Management for Continuous Crop Production, Science, vol.216, issue.4548, pp.821-827, 1982.
DOI : 10.1126/science.216.4548.821

P. A. Sanchez and R. H. Et-miller, Organic matter and soil fertility management in acid soils of the tropics, In : Trans. 13ème Cong. Int. Sei. sol, vol.6, pp.609-625, 1986.

W. H. Schlesinger, Changes in soil carbon storage and associated properties with disturbance and recovery The changing carbon cycle: A global analysis, pp.194-220, 1986.

M. Schnitzer, SOIL ORGANIC MATTER???THE NEXT 75 YEARS, Soil Science, vol.151, issue.1, pp.41-58, 1991.
DOI : 10.1097/00010694-199101000-00008

, Références bibliographiques

E. A. Serririo, I. C. Falesi, J. B. Da-veiga, and J. F. Et-texeira-neto, Productivity of cultivated pastures on low fertility soils of the Amazon region of Brazil Pasture production on acid soils of the tropics, pp.195-225, 1979.

E. A. Serrao and J. M. Toledo, The search for sustainability in Amazonian pastures Alternatives to deforestation: steps toward sustainable utilization of Amazon forests, pp.195-214, 1990.

E. A. Serrao and A. K. Et-homma, Agriculture in the Amazon : the question of sustainability, 1992.

M. J. Shipitalo and R. Et-protz, Factors Influencing the Dispersibility of Clay in Worm Casts, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.52, issue.3, pp.764-769, 1988.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200030030x

J. O. Skjemstad, L. Feuvre, R. P. Et-prebbie, and R. , C natural abundance, Australian Journal of Soil Research, vol.28, issue.2, pp.267-276, 1990.
DOI : 10.1071/SR9900267

B. N. Smith and S. Et-epstein, Two Categories of 13C/12C Ratios for Higher Plants, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol.47, issue.3, pp.380-384, 1971.
DOI : 10.1104/pp.47.3.380

W. B. Sombroek, Soils of the Amazon region The Amazon. Limnology and landscape ecology of a mighty tropical river and its basin, pp.521-535, 1984.

M. J. Swift, O. W. Et-heal, and J. M. Et-anderson, Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems, Blackwell Scientific, 1979.

J. Tavares-filho, Comportement physique d'un sol argileux d'Amazonie. Étude du tassement et influence de l'histoire hydrique, 1992.

E. Tessens, Clay migration in upland soils of Malaysia, Journal of Soil Science, vol.44, issue.4, pp.615-624, 1984.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1984.tb00619.x

H. Tiessen and J. W. Stewart, Particle-size Fractions and their Use in Studies of Soil Organic Matter: II. Cultivation Effects on Organic Matter Composition in Size Fractions1, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.47, issue.3, pp.509-513, 1983.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1983.03615995004700030023x

J. M. Tisdall and J. M. Et-oades, The management of ryegrass to stabilise aggregates of a red brown earth, Australian Journal of Soil Research, vol.18, issue.4, pp.415-422, 1980.
DOI : 10.1071/SR9800415

J. M. Tisdall and J. M. Et-oades, Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils, Journal of Soil Science, vol.29, issue.2, pp.141-163, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-395699-6.50007-9

L. W. Turchenek and J. M. Oades, Fractionation of organo-mineral complexes by sedimentation and density techniques, Geoderma, vol.21, issue.4, pp.311-343, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7061(79)90005-3

, Références bibliographiques

N. Van-bremeen, Decomposition and accumulation of organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems : Research priorities and approaches Ecosystem Research Report no 1, Doorwerth, The Netherlands, 1991.

J. Van-veen and P. J. Et-kuikman, Soil structural aspects of decomposition of organic matter by micro-organisms, Biogeochemistry, vol.61, issue.3, pp.213-233, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-323440-7.50009-3

E. Veldkamp, Organic Carbon Turnover in Three Tropical Soils under Pasture after Deforestation, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.58, issue.1, pp.175-180, 1994.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800010025x

V. A. Vitorello, C. C. Cerri, F. G. Andreux, C. Feller, and R. Victoria, Organic Matter and Natural Carbon-13 Distribution in Forested and Cultivated Oxisols, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.53, issue.3, pp.773-778, 1989.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300030024x

B. Volkoff and C. C. Et-cerri, Carbon isotopic fractionation in subtropical brazilian grassland soils. Comparison with tropical forest soils, Plant and Soil, vol.17, issue.no 9, pp.27-31, 1987.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02370896

B. Volkoff and C. C. Et-cerri, L'humus des sols du Brésil. Nature et relations avec l'environnement, Cah. ORSTOM. Sér. Pédol, vol.2, pp.83-95, 1988.

J. R. Watson and J. W. Et-parsons, Studies of soil organo-mineral particles : I Carbon and nitrogen distribution, Soil Sei. Soc. Am. J, vol.43, pp.324-328, 1974.

T. C. Whitmore, An introduction to tropical rain forests, 12+, vol.226, p.pp, 1990.

H. Zhang and S. Et-shrader, Earthworm effects on selected physical and chemical properties of soil aggregates, Biology and Fertility of Soils, vol.1, issue.3, pp.229-234, 1993.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00361617