D. Kaudewitz, R. Lee, P. Willeit, R. Mcgregor, H. S. Markus et al., Impact of intravenous heparin on quantification of circulating microRNAs in patients with coronary artery disease, Thromb Haemost, vol.110, pp.609-624, 2013.

V. K. Shankar, A. Handa, and L. Hands, Endogenous heparin activity is decreased in peripheral arterial occlusive disease, J Vasc Surg, vol.47, pp.1033-1041, 2008.

H. Engelberg, Plasma heparin levels in normal man, Circulation, vol.23, pp.578-81, 1961.

Y. Devaux, J. Dankiewicz, A. Salgado-somoza, P. Stammet, O. Collignon et al., Association of circulating microRNA-124-3p levels with outcomes after out-ofhospital cardiac arrest: a substudy of a randomized clinical trial, JAMA Cardiol, vol.1, pp.305-318, 2016.

M. L. Johnson, C. Navanukraw, A. T. Grazul-bilska, L. P. Reynolds, and D. A. Redmer, Heparinase treatment of RNA before quantitative real-time RT-PCR, Biotechniques, vol.35, pp.1140-1142, 1144.

N. Townsend, L. Wilson, P. Bhatnagar, K. Wickramasinghe, M. Rayner et al., Cardiovascular disease in Europe: epidemiological update, vol.37, pp.3232-3245, 2016.

C. M. Dewey, K. M. Spitler, J. M. Ponce, D. D. Hall, and C. E. Grueter, Cardiac-secreted factors as peripheral metabolic regulators and potential disease biomarkers, J. Am. Heart Assoc, vol.5, issue.6, 2016.

P. Ponikowski, A. A. Voors, S. D. Anker, H. Bueno, J. G. Cleland et al., ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure, Eur. J. Heart Fail, vol.18, issue.8, pp.891-975, 2016.

F. J. Azuaje, S. Rodius, L. Zhang, Y. Devaux, and D. R. Wagner, Information encoded in a network of inflammation proteins predicts clinical outcome after myocardial infarction, BMC Med. Genomics, vol.4, p.59, 2011.

Y. Devaux, M. Bousquenaud, S. Rodius, P. Marie, F. Maskali et al., Transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 is a new candidate prognostic biomarker after acute myocardial infarction, BMC Med. Genet, vol.4, issue.1, p.83, 2011.

F. Azuaje, Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, C. Yvorra, and D. R. Wagner, Transcriptional networks characterize ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction: a proof-ofconcept investigation, J. Biomed. Inform, vol.43, issue.5, pp.812-819, 2010.

Y. Devaux, F. Azuaje, M. Vausort, C. Yvorra, and D. R. Wagner, Integrated protein network and microarray analysis to identify potential biomarkers after myocardial infarction, Funct. Integr. Genomics, vol.10, issue.3, pp.329-337, 2010.

F. Azuaje, Y. Devaux, and D. R. Wagner, Integrative pathway-centric modeling of ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction, PLoS One, vol.5, issue.3, p.9661, 2010.

F. J. Azuaje, F. E. Dewey, D. L. Brutsaert, Y. Devaux, E. A. Ashley et al., Systemsbased approaches to cardiovascular biomarker discovery, Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet, vol.5, issue.3, pp.360-367, 2012.

Y. Devaux, Transcriptome of blood cells as a reservoir of cardiovascular biomarkers, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Mol. Cell Res, vol.1864, issue.1, pp.209-216, 2017.

M. Nahrendorf and F. K. Swirski, Innate immune cells in ischaemic heart disease: does myocardial infarction beget myocardial infarction?, Eur. Heart J, vol.37, issue.11, pp.868-872, 2016.

P. Libby, M. Nahrendorf, and F. K. Swirski, Leukocytes link local and systemic inflammation in ischemic cardiovascular disease: an expanded "cardiovascular continuum, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol, vol.67, issue.9, pp.1091-1103, 2016.

R. A. Frieler and R. M. Mortensen, Immune cell and other noncardiomyocyte regulation of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, Circulation, vol.131, issue.11, pp.1019-1030, 2015.

I. C. Gerling, R. A. Ahokas, G. Kamalov, W. Zhao, S. K. Bhattacharya et al., Gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveal transcriptional signatures as novel biomarkers of cardiac remodeling in rats with aldosteronism and hypertensive heart disease, JACC Heart Fail, vol.1, issue.6, pp.469-476, 2013.

J. A. Wingrove, S. E. Daniels, A. J. Sehnert, W. Tingley, M. R. Elashoff et al., Correlation of peripheral-blood gene expression with the extent of coronary artery stenosis, Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet, vol.1, issue.1, pp.31-38, 2008.

J. Vargas, J. A. Lima, W. E. Kraus, P. S. Douglas, and S. Rosenberg, Use of the Corus® CAD gene expression test for assessment of obstructive coronary artery disease likelihood in symptomatic non-diabetic patients, PLoS Curr, p.5, 2013.

D. R. Wagner, Y. Devaux, and O. Collignon, Door-to-balloon time and mortality, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.370, issue.2, pp.178-182, 2014.

M. Vausort, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, Long noncoding RNAs in patients with acute myocardial infarction, Circ. Res, vol.115, issue.7, pp.668-677, 2014.

Y. Gruenbaum and R. Foisner, Lamins: nuclear intermediate filament proteins with fundamental functions in nuclear mechanics and genome regulation, Annu. Rev. Biochem, vol.84, pp.131-164, 2015.

M. Sadaie, R. Salama, T. Carroll, K. Tomimatsu, T. Chandra et al., Redistribution of the Lamin B1 genomic binding profile affects rearrangement of heterochromatic domains and SAHF formation during senescence, Genes Dev, vol.27, issue.16, pp.1800-1808, 2013.

K. L. Reddy, J. M. Zullo, E. Bertolino, and H. Singh, Transcriptional repression mediated by repositioning of genes to the nuclear lamina, Nature, vol.452, issue.7184, pp.243-247, 2008.

K. Manju, B. Muralikrishna, and V. K. Parnaik, Expression of disease-causing lamin A mutants impairs the formation of DNA repair foci, J. Cell Sci, vol.119, pp.2704-2714, 2006.

M. Crisp, Q. Liu, K. Roux, J. B. Rattner, C. Shanahan et al., Coupling of the nucleus and cytoplasm: role of the LINC complex, J. Cell Biol, vol.172, issue.1, pp.41-53, 2006.

X. Wang, A. Zabell, W. Koh, and W. H. Tang, Lamin A/C cardiomyopathies: current understanding and novel treatment strategies, Curr. Treat. Options Cardiovasc. Med, vol.19, issue.3, p.21, 2017.

D. R. Wagner, C. Delagardelle, I. Ernens, D. Rouy, M. Vaillant et al., Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a marker of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction, J. Card. Fail, vol.12, issue.1, pp.66-72, 2006.

D. Kelly, S. Q. Khan, M. Thompson, G. Cockerill, L. L. Ng et al., Plasma tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9: novel indicators of left ventricular remodelling and prognosis after acute myocardial infarction, Eur. Heart J, vol.29, issue.17, pp.2116-2124, 2008.

M. Bujak, G. Ren, H. J. Kweon, M. Dobaczewski, A. Reddy et al., Essential role of Smad3 in infarct healing and in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling, Circulation, vol.116, issue.19, pp.2127-2138, 2007.

R. Giltay, G. Kostka, and R. Timpl, Sequence and expression of a novel member (LTBP-4) of the family of latent transforming growth factor-beta binding proteins, FEBS Lett, vol.411, issue.2-3, pp.164-168, 1997.

K. M. Lamar, T. Miller, L. Dellefave-castillo, and E. M. Mcnally, Genotype-specific interaction of latent TGFbeta binding protein 4 with TGFbeta, PLoS One, vol.11, issue.2, p.150358, 2016.

K. Miyazono, A. Olofsson, P. Colosetti, and C. H. Heldin, A role of the latent TGF-beta 1-binding protein in the assembly and secretion of TGF-beta 1, EMBO J, vol.10, issue.5, pp.1091-1101, 1991.

J. Bristow, M. K. Tee, S. E. Gitelman, S. H. Mellon, and W. L. Miller, Tenascin-X: a novel extracellular matrix protein encoded by the human XB gene overlapping P450c21B, J. Cell Biol, vol.122, issue.1, pp.265-278, 1993.

G. H. Burch, Y. Gong, W. Liu, R. W. Dettman, C. J. Curry et al., Tenascin-X deficiency is associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Nat. Genet, vol.17, issue.1, pp.104-108, 1997.

J. R. Mao, G. Taylor, W. B. Dean, D. R. Wagner, V. Afzal et al., Tenascin-X deficiency mimics Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in mice through alteration of collagen deposition, Nat. Genet, vol.30, issue.4, pp.421-425, 2002.

J. W. Petersen and J. Y. Douglas, Tenascin-X, collagen, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: tenascin-X gene defects can protect against adverse cardiovascular events, Med. Hypotheses, vol.81, issue.3, pp.443-447, 2013.

L. Jing, L. J. Zhou, F. M. Zhang, W. M. Li, and Y. Sang, Tenascin-x facilitates myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodeling through transforming growth factor-beta1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in alcoholic cardiomyopathy, Chin. Med. J, vol.124, issue.3, pp.390-395, 2011.

Y. Devaux, A. Salgado-somoza, J. Dankiewicz, A. Boileau, P. Stammet et al., Incremental value of circulating MiR-122-5p to predict outcome after out of hospital cardiac arrest, Theranostics, vol.7, issue.10, pp.2555-2564, 2017.

Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, G. P. Mccann, D. Kelly, O. Collignon et al., A panel of 4 microRNAs facilitates the prediction of left ventricular contractility after acute myocardial infarction, PLoS One, vol.8, issue.8, p.70644, 2013.

V. Auffret, G. Leurent, M. Gilard, J. P. Hacot, E. Filippi et al., Incidence, timing, predictors and impact of acute heart failure complicating ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Int. J. Cardiol, vol.221, pp.433-442, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01372350

M. Vausort, A. Salgado-somoza, L. Zhang, P. Leszek, M. Scholz et al., Myocardial infarction-associated circular RNA predicting left ventricular dysfunction, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol, vol.68, issue.11, pp.1247-1248, 2016.

J. A. Elefteriades, A. Sang, G. Kuzmik, and M. Hornick, Guilt by association: paradigm for detecting a silent killer (thoracic aortic aneurysm), Open Heart, vol.21, p.169, 2015.

G. H. Van-bogerijen, J. L. Tolenaar, V. Grassi, C. Lomazzi, S. Segreti et al., Biomarkers in TAA-the Holy Grail, Prog Cardiovasc Dis, vol.561, pp.109-115, 2013.

R. Erbel, V. Aboyans, and C. Boileau, ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases: Document covering acute and chronic aortic diseases of the thoracic and abdominal aorta of the adult. The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Eur Heart J, vol.3541, pp.2873-2926, 2014.

J. A. Elefteriades and B. A. Ziganshin, Paradigm for Detecting Silent Thoracic Aneurysm Disease

, Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, vol.284, pp.776-782, 2016.

J. S. Vapnik, J. B. Kim, E. M. Isselbacher, B. B. Ghoshhajra, Y. Cheng et al., Characteristics and Outcomes of Ascending Versus Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, The American journal of cardiology, vol.11710, pp.1683-1690, 2016.

R. E. Magenis, C. L. Maslen, L. Smith, L. Allen, and L. Y. Sakai, Localization of the fibrillin (FBN) gene to chromosome 15, band q21, Genomics, vol.1, pp.346-351, 1991.

H. I. Michelena, D. Corte, A. Prakash, S. K. Milewicz, D. M. Evangelista et al., Bicuspid aortic valve aortopathy in adults: Incidence, etiology, and clinical significance

, Int J Cardiol, vol.201, pp.400-407, 2015.

L. De-figueiredo-borges, R. G. Jaldin, R. R. Dias, N. A. Stolf, J. B. Michel et al., Collagen is reduced and disrupted in human aneurysms and dissections of ascending aorta, Hum Pathol, vol.393, pp.437-443, 2008.

J. R. Cook, L. Carta, J. Galatioto, and F. Ramirez, Cardiovascular manifestations in Marfan syndrome and related diseases; multiple genes causing similar phenotypes, Clin Genet, vol.871, pp.11-20, 2015.

J. B. Michel, G. Jondeau, and D. M. Milewicz, From genetics to response to injury: vascular smooth muscle cells in aneurysms and dissections of the ascending aorta, Cardiovasc Res, p.20, 2018.

E. M. Rzucidlo, K. A. Martin, and R. J. Powell, Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, vol.45, 2007.

N. Mao, T. Gu, E. Shi, G. Zhang, L. Yu et al., Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in animal model of rat thoracic aortic aneurysm, Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, vol.211, pp.62-70, 2015.

D. M. Milewicz and E. Regalado, Heritable Thoracic Aortic Disease Overview, 1993.

D. P. Judge, N. J. Biery, D. R. Keene, J. Geubtner, L. Myers et al., Evidence for a critical contribution of haploinsufficiency in the complex pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome, J Clin Invest, vol.1142, pp.172-181, 2004.

M. E. Lindsay and H. C. Dietz, Lessons on the pathogenesis of aneurysm from heritable conditions, Nature, vol.4737347, pp.308-316, 2011.

E. Goretti, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, miRNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction: a step forward towards personalized medicine?, Trends Mol Med, vol.2012, pp.716-725, 2014.

J. Beermann, M. T. Piccoli, J. Viereck, and T. Thum, Non-coding RNAs in Development and Disease: Background, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Approaches, Physiol Rev, vol.964, pp.1297-1325, 2016.

C. Patuzzo, A. Pasquali, G. Malerba, E. Trabetti, P. Pignatti et al., A Preliminary microRNA Analysis of Non Syndromic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, Balkan journal of medical genetics : BJMG, vol.15, pp.51-55, 2012.

J. A. Jones, R. E. Stroud, E. C. O'quinn, L. E. Black, J. L. Barth et al., Selective microRNA suppression in human thoracic aneurysms: relationship of miR-29a to aortic size and proteolytic induction

, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.46, pp.605-613, 2011.

P. Venkatesh, J. Phillippi, S. Chukkapalli, M. Rivera-kweh, I. Velsko et al., Aneurysm-Specific miR-221 and miR-146a Participates in Human Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. International journal of molecular sciences, vol.184, 2017.

D. R. Merk, J. T. Chin, B. A. Dake, L. Maegdefessel, M. O. Miller et al.,

L. Cardenas, C. L. Kessinger, C. W. Cheng, and Y. , An HDAC9-MALAT1-BRG1 complex mediates smooth muscle dysfunction in thoracic aortic aneurysm, Nat Commun, vol.91, p.1009, 2018.

L. Cardenas, C. L. Kessinger, C. W. Macdonald, C. Jassar, A. S. Isselbacher et al., Inhibition of the methyltranferase EZH2 improves aortic performance in experimental thoracic aortic aneurysm, JCI Insight, p.35, 2018.

K. Li, D. K. Wong, K. Y. Hong, and R. L. Raffai, Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC): A Refined and High Performance Method for the Isolation, Characterization, and Use of Exosomes, Methods Mol Biol, vol.1740, pp.69-83, 2018.

M. J. De-hoon, S. Imoto, J. Nolan, and S. Miyano, Open source clustering software, Bioinformatics, vol.209, pp.1453-1454, 2004.

A. J. Saldanha, Java Treeview--extensible visualization of microarray data, Bioinformatics, vol.2017, pp.3246-3248, 2004.

D. M. Garcia, D. Baek, C. Shin, G. W. Bell, A. Grimson et al., Weak seed-pairing stability and high target-site abundance decrease the proficiency of lsy-6 and other microRNAs, Nature structural & molecular biology, vol.1810, pp.1139-1146, 2011.

N. Wong and X. Wang, miRDB: an online resource for microRNA target prediction and functional annotations, Nucleic acids research, pp.146-152, 2015.

M. D. Paraskevopoulou, G. Georgakilas, N. Kostoulas, I. S. Vlachos, T. Vergoulis et al., DIANA-microT web server v5.0: service integration into miRNA functional analysis workflows, Nucleic acids research, pp.169-173, 2013.

S. Orchard, M. Ammari, and B. Aranda, The MIntAct project--IntAct as a common curation platform for 11 molecular interaction databases, Nucleic acids research, pp.358-363, 2014.

J. P. Goncalves, M. Graos, and A. X. Valente, POLAR MAPPER: a computational tool for integrated visualization of protein interaction networks and mRNA expression data, J R Soc Interface, vol.639, pp.881-896, 2009.

W. Huang-da, B. T. Sherman, and R. A. Lempicki, Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources, Nat Protoc, vol.41, pp.44-57, 2009.

K. Li, D. K. Wong, K. Y. Hong, and R. L. Raffai, Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC): A Refined and High Performance Method for the Isolation, Characterization, and Use of Exosomes, Methods Mol Biol, vol.1740, pp.69-83, 2018.

M. J. De-hoon, S. Imoto, J. Nolan, and S. Miyano, Open source clustering software, Bioinformatics, vol.209, pp.1453-1454, 2004.

A. J. Saldanha, Java Treeview--extensible visualization of microarray data, Bioinformatics, vol.2017, pp.3246-3248, 2004.

V. Lemiale, F. Dumas, N. Mongardon, O. Giovanetti, J. Charpentier et al., Intensive care unit mortality after cardiac arrest: the relative contribution of shock and brain injury in a large cohort, Intensive Care Med, vol.39, pp.1972-80, 2013.

I. Dragancea, M. Rundgren, E. Englund, H. Friberg, and T. Cronberg, The influence of induced hypothermia and delayed prognostication on the mode of death after cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.84, pp.337-379, 2013.

S. Laver, C. Farrow, D. Turner, and J. Nolan, Mode of death after admission to an intensive care unit following cardiac arrest, Intensive Care Med, vol.30, pp.2126-2134, 2004.

H. Friberg, T. Cronberg, M. W. Dunser, J. Duranteau, J. Horn et al., Survey on current practices for neurological prognostication after cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.90, pp.158-62, 2015.

C. Sandroni, A. Cariou, F. Cavallaro, T. Cronberg, H. Friberg et al., Prognostication in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: an advisory statement from the European Resuscitation Council and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Intensive Care Med, vol.40, pp.1816-1847, 2014.

E. Westhall, A. O. Rossetti, A. F. Van-rootselaar, W. Kjaer, T. Horn et al., Standardized EEG interpretation accurately predicts prognosis after cardiac arrest, Neurology, vol.86, pp.1482-90, 2016.

I. Dragancea, J. Horn, M. Kuiper, H. Friberg, S. Ullen et al., Neurological prognostication after cardiac arrest and targeted temperature management 33 degrees C versus 36 degrees C: Results from a randomised controlled clinical trial, Resuscitation, vol.93, pp.164-70, 2015.

J. P. Nolan, J. Soar, A. Cariou, T. Cronberg, V. R. Moulaert et al., European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines for Post-resuscitation Care 2015: Section 5 of the European Resuscitation Council Resuscitation Guidelines, 2015.

P. Stammet, O. Collignon, C. Hassager, M. P. Wise, J. Hovdenes et al., Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Predictor of Death or Poor Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Targeted Temperature Management at 33°C and 36°C, J Am Coll Cardiol, vol.65, pp.2104-2118, 2015.

P. Stammet, O. Collignon, C. Werer, C. Sertznig, and Y. Devaux, Bispectral index to predict neurological outcome early after cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.85, pp.1674-80, 2014.

P. Stammet, D. R. Wagner, G. Gilson, and Y. Devaux, Modeling Serum Level of S100B and Bispectral Index to Predict Outcome After Cardiac Arrest, J Am Coll Cardiol, vol.62, pp.851-859, 2013.

Y. Devaux, P. Stammet, H. Friberg, C. Hassager, M. Kuiper et al., MicroRNAs: new biomarkers and therapeutic targets after cardiac arrest?, Critical Care, vol.19, p.54, 2015.

P. S. Mitchell, R. K. Parkin, E. M. Kroh, B. R. Fritz, S. K. Wyman et al., Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.105, pp.10513-10521, 2008.

E. Goretti, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, miRNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction: a step forward towards personalized medicine?, Trends Mol Med, vol.20, pp.716-741, 2014.

P. Stammet, E. Goretti, M. Vausort, L. Zhang, D. R. Wagner et al., Circulating microRNAs after cardiac arrest*, Crit Care Med, vol.40, pp.3209-3223, 2012.

P. Gilje, O. Gidlof, M. Rundgren, T. Cronberg, M. Al-mashat et al., The brain-enriched microRNA miR-124 in plasma predicts neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, Crit Care, vol.18, p.40, 2014.

A. Zampetaki and M. Mayr, MicroRNAs in Vascular and Metabolic Disease, Circulation Research, vol.110, pp.508-530, 2012.

P. Willeit, P. Skroblin, S. Kiechl, C. Fernandez-hernando, and M. Mayr, Liver microRNAs: potential mediators and biomarkers for metabolic and cardiovascular disease?, Eur Heart J, vol.37, pp.3260-3266, 2016.

P. Andersson, O. Gidlof, O. O. Braun, M. Gotberg, J. Van-der-pals et al., Plasma levels of liver-specific miR-122 is massively increased in a porcine cardiogenic shock model and attenuated by hypothermia, Shock, vol.37, pp.234-242, 2012.

M. Nientiedt, M. Deng, D. Schmidt, S. Perner, S. C. Muller et al., Identification of aberrant tRNA-halves expression patterns in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Sci Rep, vol.6, p.37158, 2016.

S. Coffey, M. J. Williams, L. V. Phillips, I. F. Galvin, R. W. Bunton et al., Integrated microRNA and messenger RNA analysis in aortic stenosis, Sci Rep, vol.6, p.36904, 2016.

J. Beaumont, B. López, N. Hermida, B. Schroen, S. José et al., <em>microRNA-122</em> down-regulation may play a role in severe myocardial fibrosis in human aortic stenosis through TGF-?<sub>1</sub> up-regulation, Clinical Science, vol.126, pp.497-506, 2014.

Y. Devaux, J. Dankiewicz, A. Salgado-somoza, P. Stammet, O. Collignon et al., Association of Circulating MicroRNA-124-3p Levels With Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Substudy of a Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Cardiol, vol.1, pp.305-318, 2016.

N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev, T. Cronberg, D. Erlinge, Y. Gasche et al., Targeted temperature management at 33 degrees C versus 36 degrees C after cardiac arrest, N Engl J Med, vol.369, pp.2197-206, 2013.

, World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, World Medical A, vol.310, pp.2191-2195, 2013.

N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev, N. Subaie, B. Andersson, J. Bro-jeppesen et al., Target Temperature Management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest--a randomized, parallel-group, assessor-blinded clinical trial--rationale and design, Am Heart J, vol.163, pp.541-549, 2012.

N. Nielsen, P. Winkel, T. Cronberg, D. Erlinge, H. Friberg et al., Detailed statistical analysis plan for the target temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest trial, Trials, vol.14, p.300, 2013.

C. M. Booth, R. H. Boone, G. Tomlinson, and A. S. Detsky, Is this patient dead, vegetative, or severely neurologically impaired? Assessing outcome for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest, JAMA, vol.291, pp.870-879, 2004.

Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, E. Goretti, P. V. Nazarov, F. Azuaje et al., Use of Circulating MicroRNAs to Diagnose Acute Myocardial Infarction, Clin Chem, vol.58, pp.559-67, 2012.

P. Gilje, S. Koul, J. H. Thomsen, Y. Devaux, H. Friberg et al., High-sensitivity troponin-T as a prognostic marker after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest -A targeted temperature management (TTM) trial substudy, Resuscitation, vol.107, pp.156-61, 2016.

J. L. Vincent, R. Moreno, J. Takala, S. Willatts, D. Mendonca et al., The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Intensive Care Med, vol.22, pp.707-717, 1996.

K. Matheis, D. Laurie, C. Andriamandroso, N. Arber, L. Badimon et al., A generic operational strategy to qualify translational safety biomarkers, Drug Discov Today, vol.16, pp.600-608, 2011.

Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, G. P. Mccann, D. Kelly, O. Collignon et al., A Panel of 4 microRNAs Facilitates the Prediction of Left Ventricular Contractility after Acute Myocardial Infarction, PLoS ONE, vol.8, p.70644, 2013.

N. Cortez-dias, M. C. Costa, P. Carrilho-ferreira, D. Silva, J. C. Calisto et al., Circulating miR-122-5p/miR-133b Ratio Is a Specific Early Prognostic Biomarker in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Circ J, vol.80, pp.2183-91, 2016.

L. Rivoli, A. D. Vliegenthart, C. M. De-potter, J. J. Van-bragt, N. Tzoumas et al., The effect of renal dysfunction and haemodialysis on circulating liver specific miR-122, Br J Clin Pharmacol, vol.83, pp.584-92, 2017.

J. S. Truettner, O. F. Alonso, H. M. Bramlett, and W. D. Dietrich, Therapeutic hypothermia alters microRNA responses to traumatic brain injury in rats, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, vol.31, pp.1897-907, 2011.

J. Pilotte, E. E. Dupont-versteegden, and P. W. Vanderklish, Widespread regulation of miRNA biogenesis at the Dicer step by the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein, RBM3, PLoS ONE, vol.6, p.28446, 2011.

J. Dresios, A. Aschrafi, G. C. Owens, P. W. Vanderklish, G. M. Edelman et al., Cold stress-induced protein Rbm3 binds 60S ribosomal subunits, alters microRNA levels, and enhances global protein synthesis, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.102, pp.1865-70, 2005.

B. W. Böttiger, S. Möbes, R. Glätzer, H. Bauer, A. Gries et al., Astroglial Protein S-100 Is an Early and Sensitive Marker of Hypoxic Brain Damage and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest in Humans, Circulation, vol.103, pp.2694-2702, 2001.

P. S. Mitchell, R. K. Parkin, E. M. Kroh, B. R. Fritz, S. K. Wyman et al., Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.105, pp.10513-10521, 2008.

Y. Devaux, J. Dankiewicz, A. Salgado-somoza, P. Stammet, O. Collignon et al., Association of Circulating MicroRNA-124-3p Levels With Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Substudy of a Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Cardiol, vol.1, pp.305-318, 2016.

, Association between circulating levels of miR-574-5p and cardiac markers Circulating levels of miR-574-5p were modestly correlated with NT-proBNP levels

, Association between circulating levels of miR-574-5p

, Levels of miR-574-5p were not correlated with circulating levels of miR-122-5p (r=0.06, p=0.19), but were positively correlated with miR-124-3p levels

, Sex-specific association between miR-574-5p levels and neurological outcome First of all, there was no difference in demographic and clinical characteristics between males and females (Supplementary Table 2). Circulating levels of miR-574-p 48h after OHCA were comparable between males and females

, Levels of miR-574-5p were higher in patients with poor neurological outcome independently from targeted temperature management regimen, in both males (Supplementary Fig. 6A-C) and females (Supplementary Fig. 7A-C). Levels of miR-574-5p were higher in patients treated at 33°C compared to patients treated at 36°C, both males (Supplementary Fig. 6D) and females

, Levels of miR-574-5p were univariate predictors of neurological outcome in men

. Fig, 3A) and women

. Fig, After adjustment with demographic and clinical variables, miR-574-5p remained an independent predictor of neurological outcome in females

, Sex-specific association between miR-574-5p levels and death

. Kaplan-meier, analysis revealed an association between miR-574-5p and survival at the end of the trial in both males and females

, After adjustment with demographic and clinical variables and NSE, miR-574-5p lost its predictive value in males, Fig. 4C-D)

E. J. Benjamin, M. J. Blaha, S. E. Chiuve, M. Cushman, S. R. Das et al., Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association, Circulation, vol.135, pp.146-603, 2017.

W. Bougouin, L. Lamhaut, E. Marijon, D. Jost, F. Dumas et al., Characteristics and prognosis of sudden cardiac death in Greater Paris: population-based approach from the Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center, Intensive Care Med, vol.40, pp.846-54, 2014.

G. D. Perkins, I. G. Jacobs, V. M. Nadkarni, R. A. Berg, F. Bhanji et al., European Resuscitation Council, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa, Resuscitation Council of Asia); and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Resuscitation, vol.96, pp.328-368, 2015.

W. Bougouin, H. Mustafic, E. Marijon, M. H. Murad, F. Dumas et al., Gender and survival after sudden cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Resuscitation, vol.94, pp.55-60, 2015.

N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev, T. Cronberg, D. Erlinge, Y. Gasche et al., Targeted temperature management at 33 degrees C versus 36 degrees C after cardiac arrest, N Engl J Med, vol.369, pp.2197-206, 2013.

J. T. Grasner, R. Lefering, R. W. Koster, S. Masterson, B. W. Bottiger et al., , p.27

. Nations and . Europe, ONE Registry: A prospective one month analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in 27 countries in, Europe. Resuscitation, vol.105, pp.188-95, 2016.

I. Dragancea, M. Rundgren, E. Englund, H. Friberg, and T. Cronberg, The influence of induced hypothermia and delayed prognostication on the mode of death after cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.84, pp.337-379, 2013.

J. P. Nolan, J. Soar, A. Cariou, T. Cronberg, V. R. Moulaert et al., European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines for Post-resuscitation Care 2015: Section 5 of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation, Resuscitation, vol.95, pp.202-224, 2015.

M. Frydland, J. Kjaergaard, D. Erlinge, P. Stammet, N. Nielsen et al., Usefulness of Serum B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Comatose Patients Resuscitated from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest to Predict Outcome, The American journal of cardiology, vol.118, pp.998-1005, 2016.

P. Gilje, S. Koul, J. H. Thomsen, Y. Devaux, H. Friberg et al., High-sensitivity troponin-T as a prognostic marker after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest -A targeted temperature management (TTM) trial substudy, Resuscitation, vol.107, pp.156-61, 2016.

E. Goretti, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, miRNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction: a step forward towards personalized medicine?, Trends Mol Med, vol.20, pp.716-741, 2014.

Y. Devaux, P. Stammet, and . Cardiolinc-n, What's new in prognostication after cardiac arrest: microRNAs?, Intensive Care Med, vol.44, pp.897-906, 2018.

Y. Devaux, P. Stammet, H. Friberg, C. Hassager, M. A. Kuiper et al., MicroRNAs: new biomarkers and therapeutic targets after cardiac arrest?, Crit Care, vol.19, p.54, 2015.

P. Gilje, O. Gidlof, M. Rundgren, T. Cronberg, M. Al-mashat et al., The brain-enriched microRNA miR-124 in plasma predicts neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, Crit Care, vol.18, p.40, 2014.

Y. Devaux, A. Salgado-somoza, J. Dankiewicz, A. Boileau, P. Stammet et al.,

, Incremental Value of Circulating MiR-122-5p to Predict Outcome after Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Theranostics, vol.7, pp.2555-64, 2017.

P. Stammet, E. Goretti, M. Vausort, L. Zhang, D. R. Wagner et al., Circulating microRNAs after cardiac arrest, Crit Care Med, vol.40, pp.3209-3223, 2012.

P. Gilje, M. Frydland, J. Bro-jeppesen, J. Dankiewicz, H. Friberg et al., The association between plasma miR-122-5p release pattern at admission and all-cause mortality or shock after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Biomarkers, pp.1-25, 2018.

Y. Devaux, J. Dankiewicz, A. Salgado-somoza, P. Stammet, O. Collignon et al., Association of Circulating MicroRNA-124-3p Levels With Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Substudy of a Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Cardiol, vol.1, pp.305-318, 2016.

J. Zhou, G. Shao, X. Chen, X. Yang, X. Huang et al., miRNA 206 and miRNA 574-5p are highly expression in coronary artery disease, Biosci Rep, vol.36, p.295, 2015.

S. Zaman and P. Kovoor, Sudden cardiac death early after myocardial infarction: pathogenesis, risk stratification, and primary prevention, Circulation, vol.129, pp.2426-2461, 2014.

, World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, World Medical A, vol.310, pp.2191-2195, 2013.

N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev, N. Subaie, B. Andersson, J. Bro-jeppesen et al., Target Temperature Management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest--a randomized, parallel-group, assessor-blinded clinical trial--rationale and design, Am Heart J, vol.163, pp.541-549, 2012.

N. Nielsen, P. Winkel, T. Cronberg, D. Erlinge, H. Friberg et al., Detailed statistical analysis plan for the target temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest trial, Trials, vol.14, p.300, 2013.

C. M. Booth, R. H. Boone, G. Tomlinson, and A. S. Detsky, Is this patient dead, vegetative, or severely neurologically impaired? Assessing outcome for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest, JAMA, vol.291, pp.870-879, 2004.

P. Stammet, O. Collignon, C. Hassager, M. P. Wise, J. Hovdenes et al., Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Predictor of Death or Poor Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Targeted Temperature Management at 33 degrees C and 36 degrees C, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.65, pp.2104-2118, 2015.

P. Stammet, J. Dankiewicz, N. Nielsen, F. Fays, O. Collignon et al., Protein S100 as outcome predictor after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and targeted temperature management at 33

, degrees C and 36 degrees C, Crit Care, vol.21, p.153, 2017.

K. L. Eskla, R. Porosk, R. Reimets, T. Visnapuu, E. Vasar et al., Hypothermia augments stress response in mammalian cells, Free Radic Biol Med, vol.121, pp.157-68, 2018.

Y. Xie, W. Li, J. Feng, T. Wu, and J. Li, MicroRNA-363 and GATA-1 are regulated by HIF-1alpha in K562 cells under hypoxia, Molecular medicine reports, vol.14, pp.2503-2513, 2016.

O. Sogut, C. Guloglu, M. Orak, M. B. Sayhan, M. T. Gokdemir et al., Trauma scores and neuron-specific enolase, cytokine and C-reactive protein levels as predictors of mortality in patients with blunt head trauma, J Int Med Res, vol.38, pp.1708-1728, 2010.

E. P. Thelin, D. W. Nelson, and B. M. Bellander, A review of the clinical utility of serum S100B protein levels in the assessment of traumatic brain injury, Acta Neurochir, vol.159, pp.209-234, 2017.

W. Zhang, S. Thevapriya, P. J. Kim, W. P. Yu, H. S. Je et al., Amyloid precursor protein regulates neurogenesis by antagonizing miR-574-5p in the developing cerebral cortex, Nat Commun, vol.5, p.3330, 2014.

T. Ku, B. Li, R. Gao, Y. Zhang, W. Yan et al., NF-kappaB-regulated microRNA-574-5p underlies synaptic and cognitive impairment in response to atmospheric PM2.5 aspiration, Part Fibre Toxicol, vol.14, p.34, 2017.

L. Gourash and J. Puig-antich, Medical and biologic aspects of adolescent depression, Semin Adolesc Med, vol.2, pp.299-310, 1986.

C. S. Gan, C. W. Wang, and K. S. Tan, Circulatory microRNA-145 expression is increased in cerebral ischemia, Genet Mol Res, vol.11, pp.147-52, 2012.

K. Jeyaseelan, K. Y. Lim, and A. Armugam, MicroRNA expression in the blood and brain of rats subjected to transient focal ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion, Stroke, vol.39, pp.959-66, 2008.

M. Winther-jensen, J. Kjaergaard, M. Wanscher, N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev et al., No difference in mortality between men and women after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.96, pp.78-84, 2015.

J. Herlitz, J. Engdahl, L. Svensson, M. Young, K. A. Angquist et al., Is female sex associated with increased survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest?, Resuscitation, vol.60, pp.197-203, 2004.

S. W. Waldo, E. J. Armstrong, A. Kulkarni, K. Hoffmayer, S. Kinlay et al., Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of cardiac arrest survivors having versus not having coronary angiography, The American journal of cardiology, vol.111, pp.1253-1261, 2013.

M. Winther-jensen, C. Hassager, J. Kjaergaard, J. Bro-jeppesen, J. H. Thomsen et al., Women have a worse prognosis and undergo fewer coronary angiographies after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest than men, Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care, vol.7, pp.414-436, 2018.

N. Bosson, A. H. Kaji, A. Fang, J. L. Thomas, W. J. French et al., Sex Differences in Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the Era of Regionalized Systems and Advanced Post-Resuscitation Care, J Am Heart Assoc, 2016.

P. S. Mitchell, R. K. Parkin, E. M. Kroh, B. R. Fritz, S. K. Wyman et al., Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.105, pp.10513-10521, 2008.

. Bi-bliogra-phi-e,

, Site Officiel de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, 2018.

Y. Moriwaki, Y. Tahara, T. Kosuge, and N. Suzuki, Etiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest diagnosed via detailed examinations including perimortem computed tomography, J Emerg Trauma Shock, vol.62, pp.87-94, 2013.

K. Thygesen, J. S. Alpert, and A. S. Jaffe, Third universal definition of myocardial infarction

, Eur Heart J, vol.3320, pp.2551-2567, 2012.

A. Torabi, J. G. Cleland, N. K. Khan, P. H. Loh, A. L. Clark et al., The timing of development and subsequent clinical course of heart failure after a myocardial infarction, Eur Heart J, vol.297, pp.859-870, 2008.

J. Z. Goldfinger, J. L. Halperin, M. L. Marin, A. S. Stewart, K. A. Eagle et al., Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.6416, pp.1725-1739, 2014.

M. A. Coady, J. A. Rizzo, G. L. Hammond, D. Mandapati, U. Darr et al., What is the appropriate size criterion for resection of thoracic aortic aneurysms?, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, vol.1133, pp.489-491, 1997.

E. J. Benjamin, M. J. Blaha, and S. E. Chiuve, Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association, Circulation, vol.13510, pp.146-603, 2017.

J. T. Grasner, R. Lefering, and R. W. Koster, EuReCa ONE-27 Nations, ONE Europe, ONE Registry: A prospective one month analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in 27 countries in, Europe. Resuscitation, vol.105, pp.188-195, 2016.

E. P. Consortium, An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome, Nature, vol.4897414, pp.57-74, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02187850

Y. Devaux, Transcriptome of blood cells as a reservoir of cardiovascular biomarkers

, Biochim Biophys Acta, vol.18641, pp.209-216, 2017.

T. Thum and G. Condorelli, Long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs in cardiovascular pathophysiology, Circulation research, vol.1164, pp.751-762, 2015.

D. Gustafson, S. Veitch, and J. E. Fish, Extracellular Vesicles as Protagonists of Diabetic Cardiovascular Pathology, Front Cardiovasc Med, vol.4, p.71, 2017.

D. P. Ramakrishnan, R. A. Hajj-ali, Y. Chen, and R. L. Silverstein, Extracellular Vesicles Activate a CD36-Dependent Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Microvascular Endothelial Cell Migration and Tube Formation. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, vol.363, pp.534-544, 2016.

J. Vargas, J. A. Lima, W. E. Kraus, P. S. Douglas, and S. Rosenberg, Use of the Corus(R) CAD Gene Expression Test for Assessment of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Likelihood in Symptomatic Non-Diabetic Patients, PLoS Curr, vol.5, 2013.

M. G. Crespo-leiro, J. Stypmann, and U. Schulz, Performance of gene-expression profiling test score variability to predict future clinical events in heart transplant recipients, BMC Cardiovasc Disord, vol.15, p.120, 2015.

M. Kiliszek, B. Burzynska, M. Michalak, M. Gora, A. Winkler et al., Altered gene expression pattern in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction, PloS one, vol.711, p.50054, 2012.

O. Gidlof, P. Andersson, J. Van-der-pals, M. Gotberg, and D. Erlinge, Cardiospecific microRNA plasma levels correlate with troponin and cardiac function in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction, are selectively dependent on renal elimination, and can be detected in urine samples, Cardiology, vol.1184, pp.217-226, 2011.

Y. Kuwabara, K. Ono, T. Horie, H. Nishi, K. Nagao et al., Increased microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a levels in serum of patients with cardiovascular disease indicate myocardial damage

, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.44, pp.446-454, 2011.

M. Vausort, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, Long noncoding RNAs in patients with acute myocardial infarction, Circulation research, vol.1157, pp.668-677, 2014.

J. S. Ikonomidis, C. R. Ivey, J. B. Wheeler, A. W. Akerman, A. Rice et al., Plasma biomarkers for distinguishing etiologic subtypes of thoracic aortic aneurysm disease, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, vol.1455, pp.1326-1333, 2013.

A. Moushi, K. Michailidou, M. Soteriou, M. Cariolou, and E. Bashiardes, MicroRNAs as possible biomarkers for screening of aortic aneurysms: a systematic review and validation study

, Biomarkers, vol.233, pp.253-264, 2018.

J. W. Eun, H. D. Yang, S. H. Kim, S. Hong, K. N. Park et al., Identification of novel biomarkers for prediction of neurological prognosis following cardiac arrest, Oncotarget, vol.810, pp.16144-16157, 2017.

P. Gilje, O. Gidlof, M. Rundgren, T. Cronberg, M. Al-mashat et al., The brain-enriched microRNA miR-124 in plasma predicts neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, Crit Care, vol.182, p.40, 2014.

. Brif-bb-,

, Thoracic Aneurysm Aorta (TAA

. Bbmri-eu/infrastructure and . Biobanque, , 2013.

M. E. Pfisterer, A. Battler, and B. L. Zaret, Range of normal values for left and right ventricular ejection fraction at rest and during exercise assessed by radionuclide angiocardiography, Eur Heart J, vol.68, pp.647-655, 1985.

M. Back, T. C. Gasser, J. B. Michel, and G. Caligiuri, Biomechanical factors in the biology of aortic wall and aortic valve diseases, Cardiovasc Res, vol.992, pp.232-241, 2013.

O. Vriz, C. Driussi, M. Bettio, F. Ferrara, D. &apos;andrea et al., Aortic root dimensions and stiffness in healthy subjects, The American journal of cardiology, vol.1128, pp.1224-1229, 2013.

B. L. Mccomb, R. F. Munden, F. Duan, A. A. Jain, C. Tuite et al., Normative reference values of thoracic aortic diameter in American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN 6654) arm of National Lung Screening Trial, Clin Imaging, vol.405, pp.936-943, 2016.

H. Kalsch, N. Lehmann, S. Mohlenkamp, A. Becker, S. Moebus et al., Body-surface adjusted aortic reference diameters for improved identification of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms: results from the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, Int J Cardiol, vol.1631, pp.72-78, 2013.

G. G. Belz, Elastic properties and Windkessel function of the human aorta, Cardiovasc Drugs Ther, vol.91, pp.73-83, 1995.

C. Andersson and R. S. Vasan, Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in young individuals, Nat Rev Cardiol, vol.154, pp.230-240, 2018.

R. Foxwell, C. Morley, and D. Frizelle, Illness perceptions, mood and quality of life: a systematic review of coronary heart disease patients, J Psychosom Res, vol.753, pp.211-222, 2013.

L. E. Rohde, E. G. Bertoldi, L. Goldraich, and C. A. Polanczyk, Cost-effectiveness of heart failure therapies, Nat Rev Cardiol, vol.106, pp.338-354, 2013.

I. Sokoreli, J. J. De-vries, S. C. Pauws, and E. W. Steyerberg, Depression and anxiety as predictors of mortality among heart failure patients: systematic review and meta-analysis, Heart Fail Rev, vol.211, pp.49-63, 2016.

R. M. Carney and K. E. Freedland, Depression and coronary heart disease, Nat Rev Cardiol, vol.143, pp.145-155, 2017.

P. W. Wilson, D. &apos;agostino, R. B. Levy, D. Belanger, A. M. Silbershatz et al., Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories, Circulation, vol.9718, pp.1837-1847, 1998.

C. B. Granger, R. J. Goldberg, O. Dabbous, K. S. Pieper, K. A. Eagle et al., Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events I. Predictors of hospital mortality in the global registry of acute coronary events, Arch Intern Med, vol.16319, pp.2345-2353, 2003.

D. A. Mcallister, N. Halbesma, K. Carruthers, M. Denvir, and K. A. Fox, GRACE score predicts heart failure admission following acute coronary syndrome, Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care, vol.42, pp.165-171, 2015.

B. Alvarez-alvarez, S. Raposeiras-roubin, E. Abu-assi, C. Cambeiro-gonzalez, S. Gestal-romani et al., Is 6-month GRACE risk score a useful tool to predict stroke after an acute coronary syndrome? Open Heart, vol.11, p.123, 2014.

W. Group, M. Mozaffarian, D. Benjamin, and E. J. , Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation, vol.1334, pp.38-360, 2016.

S. S. Anand, S. Islam, A. Rosengren, M. G. Franzosi, K. Steyn et al., Risk factors for myocardial infarction in women and men: insights from the INTERHEART study, Eur Heart J, vol.297, pp.932-940, 2008.

I. Raso, I. Passarelli, G. Valenti, G. Crimi, and S. De-servi, The diagnostic process of stable angina: still many doubts since Heberden's first description 250 years ago, J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown), vol.192, pp.45-50, 2018.

E. Giannitsis, K. Kurz, K. Hallermayer, J. Jarausch, A. S. Jaffe et al., Analytical validation of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T assay, Clinical chemistry, vol.562, pp.254-261, 2010.

K. Thygesen, J. S. Alpert, and A. S. Jaffe, Third universal definition of myocardial infarction, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.6016, pp.1581-1598, 2012.

G. Niccoli, F. Burzotta, L. Galiuto, and F. Crea, Myocardial no-reflow in humans, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.544, pp.281-292, 2009.

K. C. Wu, E. A. Zerhouni, R. M. Judd, C. H. Lugo-olivieri, L. A. Barouch et al., Prognostic significance of microvascular obstruction by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute myocardial infarction, Circulation, vol.978, pp.765-772, 1998.

J. N. Cohn, R. Ferrari, and N. Sharpe, Cardiac remodeling--concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling. Behalf of an International Forum on Cardiac Remodeling, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.353, pp.569-582, 2000.

A. Gombozhapova, Y. Rogovskaya, V. Shurupov, M. Rebenkova, J. Kzhyshkowska et al., Macrophage activation and polarization in post-infarction cardiac remodeling, J Biomed Sci, vol.241, p.13, 2017.

P. S. Azevedo, B. F. Polegato, M. F. Minicucci, S. A. Paiva, and L. A. Zornoff, Cardiac Remodeling: Concepts, Clinical Impact

, Arq Bras Cardiol, vol.1061, pp.62-69, 2016.

P. Ponikowski, A. A. Voors, and S. D. Anker, ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC, Eur Heart J, vol.3727, pp.2129-2200, 2016.

, Association TCCotNYH. Nomenclature and Criteria for Diagnosis of Diseases of the Heart and Great Vessels, 1994.

C. W. Yancy, M. Jessup, and B. Bozkurt, ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the, 2013.

. Accf/aha, Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America, Circulation, vol.1366, pp.137-161, 2017.

C. Hall, NT-ProBNP: the mechanism behind the marker, J Card Fail, vol.115, pp.81-83, 2005.

M. M. Kittleson and J. A. Kobashigawa, Cardiac Transplantation: Current Outcomes and Contemporary Controversies, JACC Heart Fail, vol.512, pp.857-868, 2017.

R. Libby, Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, Single Volume 9th Edition. Saunders, 2011.

G. H. Van-bogerijen, J. L. Tolenaar, V. Grassi, C. Lomazzi, S. Segreti et al., Biomarkers in TAA-the Holy Grail, Prog Cardiovasc Dis, vol.561, pp.109-115, 2013.

D. M. Milewicz and E. Regalado, Heritable Thoracic Aortic Disease Overview, 1993.

P. O. Daily, H. W. Trueblood, E. B. Stinson, R. D. Wuerflein, and N. E. Shumway, Management of acute aortic dissections, Ann Thorac Surg, vol.103, pp.237-247, 1970.

J. W. Olin and V. Fuster, Acute aortic dissection: the need for rapid, accurate, and readily available diagnostic strategies. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, vol.2310, p.1721, 2003.

L. De-figueiredo-borges, R. G. Jaldin, R. R. Dias, N. A. Stolf, J. B. Michel et al., Collagen is reduced and disrupted in human aneurysms and dissections of ascending aorta, Hum Pathol, vol.393, pp.437-443, 2008.

M. E. Lindsay and H. C. Dietz, Lessons on the pathogenesis of aneurysm from heritable conditions, Nature, vol.4737347, pp.308-316, 2011.

A. Nagasawa, K. Yoshimura, R. Suzuki, A. Mikamo, O. Yamashita et al., Important role of the angiotensin II pathway in producing matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human thoracic aortic aneurysms, J Surg Res, vol.1831, pp.472-477, 2013.

J. R. Cook, L. Carta, J. Galatioto, and F. Ramirez, Cardiovascular manifestations in Marfan syndrome and related diseases; multiple genes causing similar phenotypes, Clin Genet, vol.871, pp.11-20, 2015.

J. B. Michel, G. Jondeau, and D. M. Milewicz, From genetics to response to injury: vascular smooth muscle cells in aneurysms and dissections of the ascending aorta, Cardiovasc Res, 2018.

D. Gomez, A. Coyet, V. Ollivier, X. Jeunemaitre, G. Jondeau et al., Epigenetic control of vascular smooth muscle cells in Marfan and non-Marfan thoracic aortic aneurysms, Cardiovasc Res, vol.892, pp.446-456, 2011.

E. Moltzer, J. Essers, J. H. Van-esch, J. W. Roos-hesselink, and A. H. Danser, The role of the reninangiotensin system in thoracic aortic aneurysms: clinical implications, Pharmacol Ther, vol.1311, pp.50-60, 2011.

H. I. Michelena, D. Corte, A. Prakash, S. K. Milewicz, D. M. Evangelista et al., Bicuspid aortic valve aortopathy in adults: Incidence, etiology, and clinical significance

, Int J Cardiol, vol.201, pp.400-407, 2015.

J. S. Vapnik, J. B. Kim, E. M. Isselbacher, B. B. Ghoshhajra, Y. Cheng et al., Characteristics and Outcomes of Ascending Versus Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, The American journal of cardiology, vol.11710, pp.1683-1690, 2016.

R. E. Magenis, C. L. Maslen, L. Smith, L. Allen, and L. Y. Sakai, Localization of the fibrillin (FBN) gene to chromosome 15, band q21, Genomics, vol.1, pp.346-351, 1991.

H. C. Dietz, G. R. Cutting, R. E. Pyeritz, C. L. Maslen, L. Y. Sakai et al., Marfan syndrome caused by a recurrent de novo missense mutation in the fibrillin gene, Nature, vol.3526333, pp.337-339, 1991.

D. R. Merk, J. T. Chin, B. A. Dake, L. Maegdefessel, M. O. Miller et al., miR-29b participates in early aneurysm development in Marfan syndrome, Circulation research, vol.1102, pp.312-324, 2012.

M. E. Lindsay, D. Schepers, and N. A. Bolar, Loss-of-function mutations in TGFB2 cause a syndromic presentation of thoracic aortic aneurysm, Nat Genet, vol.448, pp.922-927, 2012.

A. M. Bertoli-avella, E. Gillis, and H. Morisaki, Mutations in a TGF-beta Ligand, TGFB3, Cause Syndromic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.6513, pp.1324-1336, 2015.

B. L. Loeys, J. Chen, and E. R. Neptune, A syndrome of altered cardiovascular, craniofacial, neurocognitive and skeletal development caused by mutations in TGFBR1 or TGFBR2, Nat Genet, vol.373, pp.275-281, 2005.

I. M. Van-de-laar, R. A. Oldenburg, and G. Pals, Mutations in SMAD3 cause a syndromic form of aortic aneurysms and dissections with early-onset osteoarthritis, Nat Genet, vol.432, pp.121-126, 2011.

S. K. Prakash, Y. Bosse, J. D. Muehlschlegel, H. I. Michelena, G. Limongelli et al., A roadmap to investigate the genetic basis of bicuspid aortic valve and its complications: insights from the International BAVCon (Bicuspid Aortic Valve Consortium), Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.648, pp.832-839, 2014.

D. C. Guo, H. Pannu, and V. Tran-fadulu, Mutations in smooth muscle alpha-actin (ACTA2) lead to thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections, Nat Genet, vol.3912, pp.1488-1493, 2007.

L. Zhu, R. Vranckx, K. Van-kien, P. Lalande, A. Boisset et al., Mutations in myosin heavy chain 11 cause a syndrome associating thoracic aortic aneurysm/aortic dissection and patent ductus arteriosus, Nat Genet, vol.383, pp.343-349, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00108112

J. Huang, E. C. Davis, S. L. Chapman, M. Budatha, L. Y. Marmorstein et al.,

, Fibulin-4 deficiency results in ascending aortic aneurysms: a potential link between abnormal smooth muscle cell phenotype and aneurysm progression, Circulation research, vol.1063, pp.583-592, 2010.

V. S. Lee, C. M. Halabi, E. P. Hoffman, N. Carmichael, I. Leshchiner et al., Loss of function mutation in LOX causes thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection in humans, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.11331, pp.8759-8764, 2016.

M. Barbier, M. S. Gross, and M. Aubart, MFAP5 loss-of-function mutations underscore the involvement of matrix alteration in the pathogenesis of familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections, American journal of human genetics, vol.956, pp.736-743, 2014.

D. C. Guo, E. Regalado, and D. E. Casteel, Recurrent gain-of-function mutation in PRKG1 causes thoracic aortic aneurysms and acute aortic dissections, American journal of human genetics, vol.932, pp.398-404, 2013.

C. J. Vaughan, M. Casey, J. He, M. Veugelers, K. Henderson et al., Identification of a chromosome 11q23.2-q24 locus for familial aortic aneurysm disease, a genetically heterogeneous disorder, Circulation, vol.10320, pp.2469-2475, 2001.

D. Guo, S. Hasham, S. Q. Kuang, C. J. Vaughan, E. Boerwinkle et al., Familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections: genetic heterogeneity with a major locus mapping to 5q13-14, Circulation, vol.10320, pp.2461-2468, 2001.

L. Cripe, G. Andelfinger, L. J. Martin, K. Shooner, and D. W. Benson, Bicuspid aortic valve is heritable, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.441, pp.138-143, 2004.

L. Cardenas, C. L. Kessinger, C. W. Macdonald, C. Jassar, A. S. Isselbacher et al., Inhibition of the methyltranferase EZH2 improves aortic performance in experimental thoracic aortic aneurysm, JCI Insight, p.35, 2018.

J. M. Alegret, L. Masana, N. Martinez-micaelo, and M. Heras, Beltran-Debon R. LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B are associated with ascending aorta dilatation in bicuspid aortic valve patients, QJM, vol.10810, pp.795-801, 2015.

L. F. Hiratzka, G. L. Bakris, and J. A. Beckman,

A. Svm, Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with thoracic aortic disease. A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology,American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons,and Society for Vascular Medicine, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.5514, pp.27-129, 2010.

R. Mahadevia, A. J. Barker, S. Schnell, P. Entezari, P. Kansal et al., Bicuspid aortic cusp fusion morphology alters aortic three-dimensional outflow patterns, wall shear stress, and expression of aortopathy, Circulation, vol.1296, pp.673-682, 2014.

D. G. Guzzardi, A. J. Barker, and P. Van-ooij, Valve-Related Hemodynamics Mediate Human Bicuspid Aortopathy: Insights From Wall Shear Stress Mapping, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.668, pp.892-900, 2015.

J. A. Elefteriades, A. Sang, G. Kuzmik, and M. Hornick, Guilt by association: paradigm for detecting a silent killer (thoracic aortic aneurysm), Open Heart, vol.21, p.169, 2015.

R. Erbel, V. Aboyans, and C. Boileau, ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases: Document covering acute and chronic aortic diseases of the thoracic and abdominal aorta of the adult. The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Eur Heart J, vol.3541, pp.2873-2926, 2014.

H. Kubota, Endovascular stent graft repair of the ascending aorta-final frontier in the endovascular treatment of the aorta, J Thorac Dis, vol.810, pp.1358-1360, 2016.

S. G. Priori, C. Blomstrom-lundqvist, and A. Mazzanti, ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac Death. The Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology, 2015.

, G Ital Cardiol (Rome), vol.172, pp.108-170, 2016.

A. S. Adabag, R. V. Luepker, V. L. Roger, and B. J. Gersh, Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology and risk factors, Nat Rev Cardiol, vol.74, pp.216-225, 2010.

S. D. Solomon, S. Zelenkofske, and J. J. Mcmurray, Sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, or both, N Engl J Med, vol.35225, pp.2581-2588, 2005.

Z. Koyak, L. Harris, J. R. De-groot, C. K. Silversides, E. N. Oechslin et al., Sudden cardiac death in adult congenital heart disease, Circulation, vol.12616, pp.1944-1954, 2012.

K. Narayanan, A. Uy-evanado, C. Teodorescu, K. Reinier, G. A. Nichols et al., Mitral valve prolapse and sudden cardiac arrest in the community, Heart Rhythm, vol.132, pp.498-503, 2016.

W. K. Shen, W. D. Edwards, S. C. Hammill, K. R. Bailey, D. J. Ballard et al., Sudden unexpected nontraumatic death in 54 young adults: a 30-year population-based study, The American journal of cardiology, vol.763, pp.148-152, 1995.

R. Primavesi, A shocking episode: care of electrical injuries, Can Fam Physician, vol.557, pp.707-709, 2009.

A. Claesson, J. Lindqvist, and J. Herlitz, Cardiac arrest due to drowning--changes over time and factors of importance for survival, Resuscitation, vol.855, pp.644-648, 2014.

Y. Yanagawa and T. Sakamoto, Characteristics of patients that experience cardiopulmonary arrest following aortic dissection and aneurysm, J Emerg Trauma Shock, vol.63, pp.159-163, 2013.

S. Y. Lee, S. C. Lee, S. D. Shin, K. J. Song, Y. S. Ro et al., Epidemiology and outcomes of anaphylaxis-associated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, PloS one, vol.133, p.194921, 2018.

M. Durila, Reversible causes of cardiac arrest 4 "Ts" and 4 "Hs" can be easily diagnosed and remembered following general ABC rule, Motol University Hospital approach. Resuscitation, vol.126, p.7, 2018.

L. S. Low and K. B. Kern, Importance of coronary artery disease in sudden cardiac death, J Am Heart Assoc, vol.35, p.1339, 2014.

P. Ott and F. I. Marcus, Electrocardiographic markers of sudden death, Cardiol Clin, vol.243, pp.453-469, 2006.

R. J. Myerburg, Scientific gaps in the prediction and prevention of sudden cardiac death, J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, vol.137, pp.709-723, 2002.

S. G. Priori, Genetic testing to predict sudden cardiac death: current perspectives and future goals, Indian Heart J, vol.66, issue.1, pp.58-60, 2014.

A. Mazzanti, S. O&apos;rourke, K. Ng, C. Miceli, G. Borio et al., The usual suspects in sudden cardiac death of the young: a focus on inherited arrhythmogenic diseases, Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, vol.124, pp.499-519, 2014.

R. Greif, A. S. Lockey, P. Conaghan, A. Lippert, D. Vries et al., Education, implementation of resuscitation section C, Collaborators. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 10. Education and implementation of resuscitation, Resuscitation, vol.95, pp.288-301, 2015.

T. Matsuyama, T. Kitamura, K. Kiyohara, C. Nishiyama, T. Nishiuchi et al., Impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration on neurologically favourable outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A population-based study in Japan, Resuscitation, vol.113, pp.1-7, 2017.

L. L. Bossaert, G. D. Perkins, H. Askitopoulou, V. I. Raffay, R. Greif et al., ethics of r, end-of-life decisions section C. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 11. The ethics of resuscitation and end-of-life decisions, Resuscitation, vol.95, pp.302-311, 2015.

J. Kjaergaard, N. Nielsen, and M. Winther-jensen, Impact of time to return of spontaneous circulation on neuroprotective effect of targeted temperature management at 33 or 36 degrees in comatose survivors of out-of hospital cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.96, pp.310-316, 2015.

G. D. Perkins, I. G. Jacobs, and V. M. Nadkarni, Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcome Reports: Update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From a Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, Resuscitation Council of Asia

. Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation, Resuscitation, vol.96, pp.328-340, 2015.

J. P. Nolan, R. W. Neumar, and C. Adrie, Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A Scientific Statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation; the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on, Clinical Cardiology; the Council on Stroke. Resuscitation, vol.793, pp.350-379, 2008.

J. P. Nolan, J. Soar, A. Cariou, T. Cronberg, V. R. Moulaert et al.,

H. , S. K. Sandroni, and C. , European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines for Post-resuscitation Care 2015: Section 5 of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation, Resuscitation, vol.95, pp.202-222, 2015.

I. Dragancea, M. Rundgren, E. Englund, H. Friberg, and T. Cronberg, The influence of induced hypothermia and delayed prognostication on the mode of death after cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.843, pp.337-342, 2013.

C. W. Callaway, M. W. Donnino, E. L. Fink, R. G. Geocadin, E. Golan et al., , vol.8, 2015.

, American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, Circulation, issue.2, pp.465-482, 2015.

S. A. Bernard, T. W. Gray, M. D. Buist, B. M. Jones, W. Silvester et al., Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia

, N Engl J Med, vol.3468, pp.557-563, 2002.

N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev, and T. Cronberg, Targeted temperature management at 33 degrees C versus 36 degrees C after cardiac arrest, N Engl J Med, vol.36923, pp.2197-2206, 2013.

J. P. Nolan, J. Soar, A. Cariou, T. Cronberg, V. R. Moulaert et al.,

H. , S. K. Sandroni, and C. , European Resuscitation C

, European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine 2015 guidelines for post-resuscitation care, Intensive Care Med, vol.4112, pp.2039-2056, 2015.

P. Stammet, O. Collignon, and C. Hassager, Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Predictor of Death or Poor Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Targeted Temperature Management at 33 degrees C and 36 degrees C, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.6519, pp.2104-2114, 2015.

P. Stammet, J. Dankiewicz, and N. Nielsen, Protein S100 as outcome predictor after out-ofhospital cardiac arrest and targeted temperature management at 33 degrees C and 36 degrees C, Crit Care, vol.211, p.153, 2017.

M. Frydland, J. Kjaergaard, and D. Erlinge, Usefulness of Serum B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Comatose Patients Resuscitated from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest to Predict Outcome, The American journal of cardiology, vol.1187, pp.998-1005, 2016.

P. Gilje, S. Koul, and J. H. Thomsen, High-sensitivity troponin-T as a prognostic marker after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest -A targeted temperature management (TTM) trial substudy, Resuscitation, vol.107, pp.156-161, 2016.

C. M. Booth, R. H. Boone, G. Tomlinson, and A. S. Detsky, Is this patient dead, vegetative, or severely neurologically impaired? Assessing outcome for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest

, JAMA, vol.2917, pp.870-879, 2004.

Y. Devaux, P. Stammet, and . Cardiolinc-n, What's new in prognostication after cardiac arrest: microRNAs?, Intensive Care Med, vol.446, pp.897-899, 2018.

W. Bougouin, L. Lamhaut, E. Marijon, D. Jost, F. Dumas et al., Characteristics and prognosis of sudden cardiac death in Greater Paris: population-based approach from the Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center, Intensive Care Med, vol.406, pp.846-854, 2014.

F. H. Crick, On protein synthesis, Symp Soc Exp Biol, vol.12, pp.138-163, 1958.

J. Watson, Molecular Biology of the Gene, 1965.

J. D. Watson and F. H. Crick, Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.462, pp.3-5, 2007.

P. A. Keyel, Dnases in health and disease, Dev Biol, vol.4291, pp.1-11, 2017.

S. Sorrentino, The eight human "canonical" ribonucleases: molecular diversity, catalytic properties, and special biological actions of the enzyme proteins, FEBS Lett, vol.58411, pp.2194-2200, 2010.

J. Viereck and T. Thum, Circulating Noncoding RNAs as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease and Injury, Circulation research, vol.1202, pp.381-399, 2017.

J. Karijolich and Y. T. Yu, Spliceosomal snRNA modifications and their function, RNA Biol, vol.72, pp.192-204, 2010.

G. Dieci, M. Preti, and B. Montanini, Eukaryotic snoRNAs: a paradigm for gene expression flexibility, Genomics, vol.942, pp.83-88, 2009.

B. E. Jady and T. Kiss, A small nucleolar guide RNA functions both in 2'-O-ribose methylation and pseudouridylation of the U5 spliceosomal RNA, The EMBO journal, vol.203, pp.541-551, 2001.

M. Saikia and M. Hatzoglou, The Many Virtues of tRNA-derived Stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs): Discovering Novel Mechanisms of Stress Response and Effect on Human Health

, J Biol Chem, vol.29050, pp.29761-29768, 2015.

R. Feil and M. F. Fraga, Epigenetics and the environment: emerging patterns and implications, Nature reviews Genetics, vol.132, pp.97-109, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02193314

G. Egger, G. Liang, A. Aparicio, and P. A. Jones, Epigenetics in human disease and prospects for epigenetic therapy, Nature, vol.4296990, pp.457-463, 2004.

T. Lucas, A. Bonauer, and S. Dimmeler, RNA Therapeutics in Cardiovascular Disease, Circulation research, vol.1232, pp.205-220, 2018.

Y. Lee, M. Kim, J. Han, K. H. Yeom, S. Lee et al., MicroRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, The EMBO journal, vol.2320, pp.4051-4060, 2004.

G. M. Borchert, W. Lanier, and B. L. Davidson, RNA polymerase III transcribes human microRNAs, Nature structural & molecular biology, vol.1312, pp.1097-1101, 2006.

L. Mulrane, S. F. Mcgee, W. M. Gallagher, O. Connor, and D. P. , miRNA dysregulation in breast cancer, Cancer Res, vol.7322, pp.6554-6562, 2013.

M. Ha and V. N. Kim, Regulation of microRNA biogenesis, Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, vol.158, pp.509-524, 2014.

R. Yi, Y. Qin, I. G. Macara, and B. R. Cullen, Exportin-5 mediates the nuclear export of pre-microRNAs and short hairpin RNAs, Genes & development, vol.1724, pp.3011-3016, 2003.

A. Grishok, A. E. Pasquinelli, D. Conte, N. Li, S. Parrish et al., Genes and mechanisms related to RNA interference regulate expression of the small temporal RNAs that control C. elegans developmental timing, Cell, vol.1061, pp.23-34, 2001.

P. J. Leuschner, S. L. Ameres, S. Kueng, and J. Martinez, Cleavage of the siRNA passenger strand during RISC assembly in human cells, EMBO reports, vol.73, pp.314-320, 2006.

D. P. Bartel, MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions, Cell, vol.1362, pp.215-233, 2009.

B. Ryan, G. Joilin, and J. M. Williams, Plasticity-related microRNA and their potential contribution to the maintenance of long-term potentiation, Front Mol Neurosci, vol.8, p.4, 2015.

T. M. Rana, Illuminating the silence: understanding the structure and function of small RNAs, Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, vol.81, pp.23-36, 2007.

S. Oliveto, M. Mancino, N. Manfrini, and S. Biffo, Role of microRNAs in translation regulation and cancer, World J Biol Chem, vol.81, pp.45-56, 2017.

M. Esteller, Non-coding RNAs in human disease, Nature reviews Genetics, vol.1212, pp.861-874, 2011.

B. N. Davis-dusenbery and A. Hata, Mechanisms of control of microRNA biogenesis, J Biochem, vol.1484, pp.381-392, 2010.

E. P. Consortium, E. Birney, and J. A. Stamatoyannopoulos, Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project, Nature, vol.4477146, pp.799-816, 2007.

F. P. Marchese, I. Raimondi, and M. Huarte, The multidimensional mechanisms of long noncoding RNA function, Genome Biol, vol.181, p.206, 2017.

Y. Devaux, J. Zangrando, B. Schroen, E. E. Creemers, T. Pedrazzini et al., Long noncoding RNAs in cardiac development and ageing, Nat Rev Cardiol, vol.127, pp.415-425, 2015.

F. P. Marchese and M. Huarte, Long non-coding RNAs and chromatin modifiers: their place in the epigenetic code, Epigenetics, vol.91, pp.21-26, 2014.

U. A. Orom, T. Derrien, M. Beringer, K. Gumireddy, A. Gardini et al., Long noncoding RNAs with enhancer-like function in human cells, Cell, vol.1431, pp.46-58, 2010.

T. Kino, D. E. Hurt, T. Ichijo, N. Nader, and G. P. Chrousos, Noncoding RNA gas5 is a growth arrestand starvation-associated repressor of the glucocorticoid receptor, Sci Signal, vol.3107, p.8, 2010.

C. M. Clemson, J. N. Hutchinson, S. A. Sara, A. W. Ensminger, A. H. Fox et al., An architectural role for a nuclear noncoding RNA: NEAT1 RNA is essential for the structure of paraspeckles, Mol Cell, vol.336, pp.717-726, 2009.

A. Anantharaman, M. Jadaliha, V. Tripathi, S. Nakagawa, T. Hirose et al., Paraspeckles modulate the intranuclear distribution of paraspeckle-associated, Ctn RNA. Sci Rep, vol.6, p.34043, 2016.

R. Boque-sastre, M. Soler, C. Oliveira-mateos, A. Portela, C. Moutinho et al., Head-to-head antisense transcription and R-loop formation promotes transcriptional activation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.11218, pp.5785-5790, 2015.

J. M. Santos-pereira and A. Aguilera, R loops: new modulators of genome dynamics and function, Nature reviews Genetics, vol.1610, pp.583-597, 2015.

N. Romero-barrios, M. F. Legascue, M. Benhamed, A. F. Crespi, and M. , Splicing regulation by long noncoding RNAs, Nucleic acids research, vol.465, pp.2169-2184, 2018.

C. Carrieri, L. Cimatti, and M. Biagioli, Long non-coding antisense RNA controls Uchl1 translation through an embedded SINEB2 repeat, Nature, vol.4917424, pp.454-457, 2012.

J. H. Yoon, K. Abdelmohsen, S. Srikantan, X. Yang, J. L. Martindale et al., LincRNA-p21 suppresses target mRNA translation, Mol Cell, vol.474, pp.648-655, 2012.

L. Poliseno, L. Salmena, J. Zhang, B. Carver, W. J. Haveman et al., A codingindependent function of gene and pseudogene mRNAs regulates tumour biology, Nature, vol.4657301, pp.1033-1038, 2010.

K. Wang, B. Long, L. Y. Zhou, F. Liu, Q. Y. Zhou et al., CARL lncRNA inhibits anoxia-induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by impairing miR-539-dependent PHB2 downregulation, Nat Commun, vol.5, p.3596, 2014.

J. A. Weber, D. H. Baxter, S. Zhang, D. Y. Huang, K. H. Huang et al., The microRNA spectrum in 12 body fluids, Clinical chemistry, vol.5611, pp.1733-1741, 2010.

X. Chen, Y. Ba, and L. Ma, Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases, Cell Res, vol.1810, pp.997-1006, 2008.

T. Arita, D. Ichikawa, H. Konishi, S. Komatsu, A. Shiozaki et al., Circulating long non-coding RNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancer, Anticancer Res, vol.338, pp.3185-3193, 2013.

Q. Li, Y. Shao, X. Zhang, T. Zheng, M. Miao et al., Plasma long noncoding RNA protected by exosomes as a potential stable biomarker for gastric cancer, Tumour Biol, vol.363, pp.2007-2012, 2015.

J. Chen, C. Hu, and P. Pan, Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Transfer in Lung Diseases, Front Physiol, vol.8, p.1028, 2017.

H. Valadi, K. Ekstrom, A. Bossios, M. Sjostrand, J. J. Lee et al., Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells, Nature cell biology, vol.96, pp.654-659, 2007.

S. Maas, X. O. Breakefield, and A. M. Weaver, Extracellular Vesicles: Unique Intercellular Delivery Vehicles, Trends Cell Biol, vol.273, pp.172-188, 2017.

K. Wang, S. Zhang, J. Weber, D. Baxter, and D. J. Galas, Export of microRNAs and microRNAprotective protein by mammalian cells, Nucleic acids research, vol.3820, pp.7248-7259, 2010.

A. Turchinovich, L. Weiz, A. Langheinz, and B. Burwinkel, Characterization of extracellular circulating microRNA, Nucleic acids research, vol.3916, pp.7223-7233, 2011.

K. C. Vickers, B. T. Palmisano, B. M. Shoucri, R. D. Shamburek, and A. T. Remaley, MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins, Nature cell biology, vol.134, pp.423-433, 2011.

J. V. Fritz, A. Heintz-buschart, A. Ghosal, L. Wampach, A. Etheridge et al., Sources and Functions of Extracellular Small RNAs in Human Circulation, Annu Rev Nutr, vol.36, pp.301-336, 2016.

N. Kosaka, H. Iguchi, Y. Yoshioka, F. Takeshita, Y. Matsuki et al., Secretory mechanisms and intercellular transfer of microRNAs in living cells, J Biol Chem, vol.28523, pp.17442-17452, 2010.

G. Xu, Y. Cui, Z. Jia, Y. Yue, and S. Yang, The Values of Coronary Circulating miRNAs in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation, PloS one, vol.1111, p.166235, 2016.

T. Sun, Y. H. Dong, W. Du, C. Y. Shi, K. Wang et al., The Role of MicroRNAs in Myocardial Infarction: From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Application, International journal of molecular sciences, vol.184, 2017.

N. Ishii, K. Ozaki, H. Sato, H. Mizuno, S. Saito et al., Identification of a novel non-coding RNA, MIAT, that confers risk of myocardial infarction, J Hum Genet, vol.5112, pp.1087-1099, 2006.

H. M. Broadbent, J. F. Peden, and S. Lorkowski, Susceptibility to coronary artery disease and diabetes is encoded by distinct, tightly linked SNPs in the ANRIL locus on chromosome, p.9

, Hum Mol Genet, vol.176, pp.806-814, 2008.

J. A. Jones, R. E. Stroud, E. C. O&apos;quinn, L. E. Black, J. L. Barth et al., Selective microRNA suppression in human thoracic aneurysms: relationship of miR-29a to aortic size and proteolytic induction

, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.46, pp.605-613, 2011.

C. Patuzzo, A. Pasquali, G. Malerba, E. Trabetti, P. Pignatti et al., A Preliminary microRNA Analysis of Non Syndromic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, Balkan journal of medical genetics : BJMG, vol.15, pp.51-55, 2012.

P. Venkatesh, J. Phillippi, S. Chukkapalli, M. Rivera-kweh, I. Velsko et al., Aneurysm-Specific miR-221 and miR-146a Participates in Human Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. International journal of molecular sciences, vol.184, 2017.

L. Elia, M. Quintavalle, J. Zhang, R. Contu, L. Cossu et al., The knockout of miR-143 and -145 alters smooth muscle cell maintenance and vascular homeostasis in mice: correlates with human disease, Cell death and differentiation, vol.1612, pp.1590-1598, 2009.

A. Boileau, M. E. Lindsay, J. B. Michel, and Y. Devaux, Epigenetics in Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection. Aorta (Stamford), vol.61, pp.1-12, 2018.

Y. Li, Y. Liu, S. Liu, F. Wu, S. Li et al., Differential expression profile of long non-coding RNAs in human thoracic aortic aneurysm, Journal of cellular biochemistry, 2018.

E. Goretti, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, miRNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction: a step forward towards personalized medicine?, Trends Mol Med, vol.2012, pp.716-725, 2014.

K. Strimbu and J. A. Tavel, What are biomarkers?, Curr Opin HIV AIDS, vol.56, pp.463-466, 2010.

N. Krankel, S. Blankenberg, and T. Zeller, Early detection of myocardial infarction-microRNAs right at the time?, Ann Transl Med, vol.424, p.502, 2016.

C. Cheng, Q. Wang, W. You, M. Chen, and J. Xia, MiRNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis, PloS one, vol.92, p.88566, 2014.

A. Arnadottir, C. Falk-klein, and K. Iversen, Head-to-head comparison of cardiac troponin T and troponin I in patients without acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review, Biomarkers, vol.228, pp.701-708, 2017.

M. Adamcova and F. Simko, Multiplex biomarker approach to cardiovascular diseases, Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2018.

D. Kaudewitz, R. Lee, P. Willeit, R. Mcgregor, H. S. Markus et al., Impact of intravenous heparin on quantification of circulating microRNAs in patients with coronary artery disease, Thrombosis and haemostasis, p.1103, 2013.

M. Sidstedt, J. Hedman, E. L. Romsos, L. Waitara, L. Wadso et al., Inhibition mechanisms of hemoglobin, immunoglobulin G, and whole blood in digital and real-time PCR, Anal Bioanal Chem, vol.41010, pp.2569-2583, 2018.

J. Li, R. Hou, X. Niu, R. Liu, Q. Wang et al., Comparison of microarray and RNA-Seq analysis of mRNA expression in dermal mesenchymal stem cells, Biotechnol Lett, vol.381, pp.33-41, 2016.

J. A. Wingrove, S. E. Daniels, A. J. Sehnert, W. Tingley, M. R. Elashoff et al., Correlation of peripheral-blood gene expression with the extent of coronary artery stenosis, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.11, pp.31-38, 2008.

A. Bye, H. Rosjo, J. Nauman, G. J. Silva, T. Follestad et al., Circulating microRNAs predict future fatal myocardial infarction in healthy individuals -The HUNT study, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, vol.97, pp.162-168, 2016.

A. Zampetaki, P. Willeit, and L. Tilling, Prospective study on circulating MicroRNAs and risk of myocardial infarction, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.604, pp.290-299, 2012.

M. Karakas, C. Schulte, S. Appelbaum, F. Ojeda, K. J. Lackner et al., Circulating microRNAs strongly predict cardiovascular death in patients with coronary artery disease-results from the large AtheroGene study, Eur Heart J, vol.387, pp.516-523, 2017.

X. Qu, Y. Du, Y. Shu, M. Gao, F. Sun et al., MIAT Is a Pro-fibrotic Long Non-coding RNA Governing Cardiac Fibrosis in Post-infarct, Myocardium. Sci Rep, vol.7, p.42657, 2017.

J. Kim, N. Ghasemzadeh, D. J. Eapen, N. C. Chung, J. D. Storey et al., Gene expression profiles associated with acute myocardial infarction and risk of cardiovascular death, Genome Med, vol.65, p.40, 2014.

E. D. Muse, E. R. Kramer, and H. Wang, A Whole Blood Molecular Signature for, Acute Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep, vol.71, p.12268, 2017.

Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, E. Goretti, P. V. Nazarov, F. Azuaje et al., Use of circulating microRNAs to diagnose acute myocardial infarction, Clinical chemistry, vol.583, pp.559-567, 2012.

M. F. Corsten, R. Dennert, S. Jochems, T. Kuznetsova, Y. Devaux et al., Circulating MicroRNA-208b and MicroRNA-499 reflect myocardial damage in cardiovascular disease, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.36, pp.499-506, 2010.

C. Widera, S. K. Gupta, J. M. Lorenzen, C. Bang, J. Bauersachs et al., Diagnostic and prognostic impact of six circulating microRNAs in acute coronary syndrome, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, vol.515, pp.872-875, 2011.

Y. D&apos;alessandra, P. Devanna, and F. Limana, Circulating microRNAs are new and sensitive biomarkers of myocardial infarction, Eur Heart J, vol.3122, pp.2765-2773, 2010.

X. Liu, Z. Fan, T. Zhao, W. Cao, L. Zhang et al., Plasma miR-1, miR-208, miR-499 as potential predictive biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction: An independent study of Han population, Exp Gerontol, vol.72, pp.230-238, 2015.

J. Zhong, Y. He, W. Chen, X. Shui, C. Chen et al., Circulating microRNA-19a as a potential novel biomarker for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, International journal of molecular sciences, vol.1511, pp.20355-20364, 2014.

K. J. Wang, X. Zhao, and Y. Z. Liu, Circulating MiR-19b-3p, MiR-134-5p and MiR-186-5p are Promising Novel Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, vol.383, pp.1015-1029, 2016.

Y. Zhang, Y. J. Liu, T. Liu, H. Zhang, and S. J. Yang, Plasma microRNA-21 is a potential diagnostic biomarker of acute myocardial infarction, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, vol.202, pp.323-329, 2016.

U. Grabmaier, S. Clauss, L. Gross, I. Klier, W. M. Franz et al., Diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-1 and miR-29b on adverse ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction -The SITAGRAMI-miR analysis, Int J Cardiol, vol.244, pp.30-36, 2017.

U. Eryilmaz, C. Akgullu, N. Beser, O. Yildiz, K. Omurlu et al., Circulating microRNAs in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Anatol J Cardiol, vol.166, pp.392-396, 2016.

K. Jia, P. Shi, X. Han, T. Chen, H. Tang et al., Diagnostic value of miR-30d-5p and miR-125b-5p in acute myocardial infarction, Molecular medicine reports, vol.141, pp.184-194, 2016.

P. Lv, M. Zhou, J. He, W. Meng, X. Ma et al., Circulating miR-208b and miR-34a are associated with left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction, International journal of molecular sciences, vol.154, pp.5774-5788, 2014.

N. Cortez-dias, M. C. Costa, P. Carrilho-ferreira, D. Silva, J. C. Calisto et al.,

S. Martins, J. C. De-sousa, P. C. Da-silva, M. Fiuza, A. N. Diogo et al., Circulating miR-122-5p/miR-133b Ratio Is a Specific Early Prognostic Biomarker in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, vol.8010, pp.2183-2191, 2016.

R. Wang, N. Li, Y. Zhang, Y. Ran, and J. Pu, Circulating microRNAs are promising novel biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction, Intern Med, vol.5017, pp.1789-1795, 2011.

F. He, P. Lv, X. Zhao, X. Wang, X. Ma et al., Predictive value of circulating miR-328 and miR-134 for acute myocardial infarction, Mol Cell Biochem, vol.3941, issue.2, pp.137-144, 2014.

R. Zhang, C. Lan, H. Pei, G. Duan, L. Huang et al., Expression of circulating miR-486 and miR-150 in patients with acute myocardial infarction, BMC Cardiovasc Disord, vol.15, p.51, 2015.

J. Zhu, K. Yao, Q. Wang, J. Guo, H. Shi et al., Circulating miR-181a as a Potential Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, vol.406, pp.1591-1602, 2016.

E. Coskunpinar, H. A. Cakmak, A. K. Kalkan, N. O. Tiryakioglu, M. Erturk et al., Circulating miR-221-3p as a novel marker for early prediction of acute myocardial infarction, Gene, vol.5911, pp.90-96, 2016.

Y. Devaux, M. Mueller, P. Haaf, E. Goretti, R. Twerenbold et al.,

T. , W. K. Moehring, B. Wagner, D. R. Mueller, and C. , Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating microRNAs in patients with acute chest pain, J Intern Med, vol.2772, pp.260-271, 2015.

L. Peng, Q. Chun-guang, L. Bei-fang, D. Xue-zhi, W. Zi-hao et al., Clinical impact of circulating miR-133, miR-1291 and miR-663b in plasma of patients with acute myocardial infarction, Diagn Pathol, vol.9, p.89, 2014.

J. Zhang, C. Gao, M. Meng, and H. Tang, Long Noncoding RNA MHRT Protects Cardiomyocytes against H2O2-Induced Apoptosis, Biomol Ther (Seoul), vol.241, pp.19-24, 2016.

Y. Yan, B. Zhang, N. Liu, C. Qi, Y. Xiao et al., Circulating Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 as a Novel Biomarker of Acute Myocardial Infarction, BioMed research international, p.8079372, 2016.

Y. Zhang, L. Sun, and L. Xuan, Reciprocal Changes of Circulating Long Non-Coding RNAs ZFAS1 and CDR1AS Predict Acute Myocardial Infarction, Sci Rep, vol.6, p.22384, 2016.

F. J. Azuaje, S. Rodius, L. Zhang, Y. Devaux, and D. R. Wagner, Information encoded in a network of inflammation proteins predicts clinical outcome after myocardial infarction, BMC Med Genomics, vol.4, p.59, 2011.

Y. Devaux, M. Bousquenaud, S. Rodius, P. Y. Marie, F. Maskali et al., Transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 is a new candidate prognostic biomarker after acute myocardial infarction, BMC Med Genomics, vol.4, p.83, 2011.

Y. Devaux, F. Azuaje, M. Vausort, C. Yvorra, and D. R. Wagner, Integrated protein network and microarray analysis to identify potential biomarkers after myocardial infarction, Funct Integr Genomics, vol.103, pp.329-337, 2010.

F. Azuaje, Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, C. Yvorra, and D. R. Wagner, Transcriptional networks characterize ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction: a proof-of-concept investigation, J Biomed Inform, vol.435, pp.812-819, 2010.

F. Azuaje, Y. Devaux, and D. R. Wagner, Integrative pathway-centric modeling of ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction, PloS one, vol.53, p.9661, 2010.

E. Goretti, M. Vausort, D. R. Wagner, and Y. Devaux, Association between circulating microRNAs, cardiovascular risk factors and outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction, Int J Cardiol, vol.1684, pp.4548-4550, 2013.

O. Gidlof, J. G. Smith, K. Miyazu, P. Gilje, A. Spencer et al., Circulating cardio-enriched microRNAs are associated with long-term prognosis following myocardial infarction, BMC Cardiovasc Disord, vol.13, p.12, 2013.

M. Alavi-moghaddam, M. Chehrazi, S. D. Alipoor, M. Mohammadi, A. Baratloo et al., A Preliminary Study of microRNA-208b after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Impact on 6-Month Survival, Dis Markers, p.2410451, 2018.

I. Eitel, V. Adams, P. Dieterich, G. Fuernau, S. De-waha et al., Relation of circulating MicroRNA-133a concentrations with myocardial damage and clinical prognosis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Am Heart J, vol.1645, pp.706-714, 2012.

M. R. Zile, S. M. Mehurg, J. E. Arroyo, R. E. Stroud, S. M. Desantis et al., Relationship between the temporal profile of plasma microRNA and left ventricular remodeling in patients after myocardial infarction, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.46, pp.614-619, 2011.

S. Matsumoto, Y. Sakata, D. Nakatani, S. Suna, H. Mizuno et al., A subset of circulating microRNAs are predictive for cardiac death after discharge for acute myocardial infarction, Biochemical and biophysical research communications, vol.4272, pp.280-284, 2012.

Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, G. P. Mccann, J. Zangrando, D. Kelly et al., MicroRNA-150: a novel marker of left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.63, pp.290-298, 2013.

Y. Devaux, M. Vausort, G. P. Mccann, D. Kelly, O. Collignon et al., A panel of 4 microRNAs facilitates the prediction of left ventricular contractility after acute myocardial infarction, PloS one, vol.88, p.70644, 2013.

A. Maciejak, E. Kostarska-srokosz, and W. Gierlak, Circulating miR-30a-5p as a prognostic biomarker of left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction, Sci Rep, vol.81, p.9883, 2018.

X. Liu, Y. Dong, S. Chen, G. Zhang, M. Zhang et al., Circulating MicroRNA-146a and MicroRNA-21 Predict Left Ventricular Remodeling after ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Cardiology, vol.1324, pp.233-241, 2015.

S. Matsumoto, Y. Sakata, S. Suna, D. Nakatani, M. Usami et al., Circulating p53-responsive microRNAs are predictive indicators of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction, Circulation research, vol.1133, pp.322-326, 2013.

S. Ounzain, I. Pezzuto, and R. Micheletti, Functional importance of cardiac enhancerassociated noncoding RNAs in heart development and disease, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, vol.76, pp.55-70, 2014.

M. Vausort, A. Salgado-somoza, L. Zhang, P. Leszek, M. Scholz et al., Myocardial Infarction-Associated Circular RNA Predicting Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.6811, pp.1247-1248, 2016.

Y. Zhao, G. Feng, Y. Wang, Y. Yue, and W. Zhao, Regulation of apoptosis by long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS1 in VSMCs: implications for TAA pathogenesis, International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, vol.711, pp.7643-7652, 2014.

X. J. Wang, B. Huang, Y. M. Yang, L. Zhang, W. J. Su et al., Differential expression of microRNAs in aortic tissue and plasma in patients with acute aortic dissection, J Geriatr Cardiol, vol.126, pp.655-661, 2015.

Z. Xu, Q. Wang, J. Pan, X. Sheng, D. Hou et al., Characterization of serum miRNAs as molecular biomarkers for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection diagnosis, Sci Rep, vol.71, p.13659, 2017.

N. Martinez-micaelo, R. Beltran-debon, I. Baiges, M. Faiges, and J. M. Alegret, Specific circulating microRNA signature of bicuspid aortic valve disease, J Transl Med, vol.151, p.76, 2017.

J. Dong, J. Bao, R. Feng, Z. Zhao, Q. Lu et al., Circulating microRNAs: a novel potential biomarker for diagnosing acute aortic dissection

, Sci Rep, vol.71, p.12784, 2017.

L. Wang, S. Zhang, Z. Xu, J. Zhang, L. Li et al., The diagnostic value of microRNA-4787-5p and microRNA-4306 in patients with acute aortic dissection, Am J Transl Res, vol.911, pp.5138-5149, 2017.

L. Sun, S. Sun, S. Zeng, Y. Li, W. Pan et al., Expression of circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133 in pediatric patients with tachycardia, Molecular medicine reports, vol.116, pp.4039-4046, 2015.

Y. Lu, S. Hou, D. Huang, X. Luo, J. Zhang et al., Expression profile analysis of circulating microRNAs and their effects on ion channels in Chinese atrial fibrillation patients, Int J Clin Exp Med, vol.81, pp.845-853, 2015.

D. D. Mcmanus, K. Tanriverdi, H. Lin, N. Esa, M. Kinno et al., Plasma microRNAs are associated with atrial fibrillation and change after catheter ablation (the miRhythm study), 258. van den Berg NWE, vol.121, pp.345-365, 2015.

S. Yamada, Y. W. Hsiao, and S. L. Chang, Circulating microRNAs in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with ventricular arrhythmia, Europace, vol.20, issue.1, pp.37-45, 2018.

P. Stammet, E. Goretti, M. Vausort, L. Zhang, D. R. Wagner et al., Circulating microRNAs after cardiac arrest, Crit Care Med, vol.4012, pp.3209-3214, 2012.

P. Gilje, M. Frydland, J. Bro-jeppesen, J. Dankiewicz, H. Friberg et al., The association between plasma miR-122-5p release pattern at admission and all-cause mortality or shock after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Biomarkers, pp.1-25, 2018.

Y. Devaux, J. Dankiewicz, and A. Salgado-somoza, Association of Circulating MicroRNA-124-3p Levels With Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Substudy of a Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Cardiol, vol.13, pp.305-313, 2016.

P. L. Wander, D. A. Enquobahrie, C. C. Pritchard, B. Mcknight, K. Rice et al., Circulating microRNAs and sudden cardiac arrest outcomes, Resuscitation, vol.106, pp.96-101, 2016.

A. K. Nichani, C. G. Brown, and R. L. Spooner, Revaccination with the same Theileria annulata infected cell line may not be feasible for boosting immunity against tropical theileriosis

, Trop Anim Health Prod, vol.294, pp.114-118, 1997.

, World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, World Medical A, vol.31020, pp.2191-2194, 2013.

N. Nielsen, J. Wetterslev, and N. Subaie, Target Temperature Management after out-ofhospital cardiac arrest--a randomized, parallel-group, assessor-blinded clinical trial--rationale and design, Am Heart J, vol.1634, pp.541-548, 2012.

N. Nielsen, P. Winkel, and T. Cronberg, Detailed statistical analysis plan for the target temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest trial, Trials, vol.14, p.300, 2013.

D. P. Judge, N. J. Biery, D. R. Keene, J. Geubtner, L. Myers et al., Evidence for a critical contribution of haploinsufficiency in the complex pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome, J Clin Invest, vol.1142, pp.172-181, 2004.

K. Li, D. K. Wong, K. Y. Hong, and R. L. Raffai, Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC): A Refined and High Performance Method for the Isolation, Characterization, and Use of Exosomes, Methods Mol Biol, vol.1740, pp.69-83, 2018.

M. J. De-hoon, S. Imoto, J. Nolan, and S. Miyano, Open source clustering software, Bioinformatics, vol.209, pp.1453-1454, 2004.

A. J. Saldanha, Java Treeview--extensible visualization of microarray data, Bioinformatics, vol.2017, pp.3246-3248, 2004.

D. M. Garcia, D. Baek, C. Shin, G. W. Bell, A. Grimson et al., Weak seed-pairing stability and high target-site abundance decrease the proficiency of lsy-6 and other microRNAs, Nature structural & molecular biology, vol.1810, pp.1139-1146, 2011.

N. Wong and X. Wang, miRDB: an online resource for microRNA target prediction and functional annotations, Nucleic acids research, pp.146-152, 2015.

M. D. Paraskevopoulou, G. Georgakilas, N. Kostoulas, I. S. Vlachos, T. Vergoulis et al., DIANA-microT web server v5.0: service integration into miRNA functional analysis workflows, Nucleic acids research, pp.169-173, 2013.

S. Orchard, M. Ammari, and B. Aranda, The MIntAct project--IntAct as a common curation platform for 11 molecular interaction databases, Nucleic acids research, pp.358-363, 2014.

J. P. Goncalves, M. Graos, and A. X. Valente, POLAR MAPPER: a computational tool for integrated visualization of protein interaction networks and mRNA expression data, J R Soc Interface, vol.639, pp.881-896, 2009.

W. Huang-da, B. T. Sherman, and R. A. Lempicki, Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources, Nat Protoc, vol.41, pp.44-57, 2009.

M. J. Pencina, D. Agostino, R. B. , S. Demler, and O. V. , Novel metrics for evaluating improvement in discrimination: net reclassification and integrated discrimination improvement for normal variables and nested models, Stat Med, vol.312, pp.101-113, 2012.

J. N. Boeckel, C. E. Thome, D. Leistner, A. M. Zeiher, S. Fichtlscherer et al., Heparin selectively affects the quantification of microRNAs in human blood samples, Clinical chemistry, vol.597, pp.1125-1127, 2013.

M. Mayr, R. Lee, D. Kaudewitz, A. Zampetaki, and K. M. Channon, Effects of heparin on temporal microRNA profiles, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.639, pp.940-941, 2014.

H. Engelberg, Plasma heparin levels in normal man, Circulation, vol.23, pp.578-581, 1961.

M. Hill, Secretion of heparin by mast cells, Nature, vol.1804587, pp.654-655, 1957.

V. K. Shankar, A. Handa, and L. Hands, Endogenous heparin activity is decreased in peripheral arterial occlusive disease, Journal of vascular surgery, vol.475, pp.1033-1038, 2008.

F. J. Azuaje, F. E. Dewey, D. L. Brutsaert, Y. Devaux, E. A. Ashley et al., Systems-based approaches to cardiovascular biomarker discovery, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.53, pp.360-367, 2012.

L. A. Pape, T. T. Tsai, and E. M. Isselbacher, Aortic diameter >or = 5.5 cm is not a good predictor of type A aortic dissection: observations from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD), Circulation, vol.11610, pp.1120-1127, 2007.

W. Bougouin, H. Mustafic, E. Marijon, M. H. Murad, F. Dumas et al., Gender and survival after sudden cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Resuscitation, vol.94, pp.55-60, 2015.

J. Zhou, G. Shao, X. Chen, X. Yang, X. Huang et al., miRNA 206 and miRNA 574-5p are highly expression in coronary artery disease, Biosci Rep, vol.361, p.295, 2015.

S. Zaman and P. Kovoor, Sudden cardiac death early after myocardial infarction: pathogenesis, risk stratification, and primary prevention, Circulation, vol.12923, pp.2426-2435, 2014.

Y. Devaux, P. Stammet, H. Friberg, C. Hassager, M. A. Kuiper et al., Biomarker subcommittee of TTMt. MicroRNAs: new biomarkers and therapeutic targets after cardiac arrest?, Crit Care, vol.19, p.54, 2015.

X. Bai, S. Fischer, S. Keshavjee, and M. Liu, Heparin interference with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of RNA extracted from lungs after ischemia-reperfusion, Transpl Int, vol.132, pp.146-150, 2000.

J. Huggett, K. Dheda, S. Bustin, and A. Zumla, Real-time RT-PCR normalisation; strategies and considerations, Genes Immun, vol.64, pp.279-284, 2005.

K. Musunuru, E. Ingelsson, and M. Fornage, The Expressed Genome in Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke: Refinement, Diagnosis, and Prediction: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association, Circulation Cardiovascular genetics, vol.104, 2017.

Y. Cheng, L. Dong, J. Zhang, Y. Zhao, and Z. Li, Recent advances in microRNA detection, Analyst, vol.1438, pp.1758-1774, 2018.

L. Zhang, J. Wang, M. Coetzer, S. Angione, R. Kantor et al., One-Step Ligation on RNA Amplification for the Detection of Point Mutations, J Mol Diagn, vol.176, pp.679-688, 2015.

S. P. Jonstrup, J. Koch, and J. Kjems, A microRNA detection system based on padlock probes and rolling circle amplification, RNA, vol.129, pp.1747-1752, 2006.

M. H. Shamsi, K. Choi, A. H. Ng, M. D. Chamberlain, and A. R. Wheeler, Electrochemiluminescence on digital microfluidics for microRNA analysis, Biosens Bioelectron, vol.77, pp.845-852, 2016.

J. T. Cao, F. R. Liu, F. Hou, J. Peng, S. W. Ren et al., Cathodic electrochemiluminescence behaviour of MoS2 quantum dots and its biosensing of microRNA-21, Analyst, vol.14315, pp.3702-3707, 2018.

S. Kim, J. Park, N. J. Jung, G. Y. Hwang, and J. , Simultaneous Determination of Multiple microRNA Levels Utilizing Biotinylated Dideoxynucleotides and Mass Spectrometry, PloS one, vol.117, p.153201, 2016.

L. Liu, Q. Xu, S. Hao, and Y. Chen, A Quasi-direct LC-MS/MS-based Targeted Proteomics Approach for miRNA Quantification via a Covalently Immobilized DNA-peptide, Probe. Sci Rep, vol.71, p.5669, 2017.

M. Bujak, G. Ren, H. J. Kweon, M. Dobaczewski, A. Reddy et al., Essential role of Smad3 in infarct healing and in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling, Circulation, vol.11619, pp.2127-2138, 2007.

G. H. Burch, Y. Gong, W. Liu, R. W. Dettman, C. J. Curry et al.,

, Tenascin-X deficiency is associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Nat Genet, vol.171, pp.104-108, 1997.

J. W. Petersen and J. Y. Douglas, Tenascin-X, collagen, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: tenascin-X gene defects can protect against adverse cardiovascular events, Med Hypotheses, vol.813, pp.443-447, 2013.

L. Jing, L. J. Zhou, F. M. Zhang, W. M. Li, and Y. Sang, Tenascin-x facilitates myocardial fibrosis and cardiac remodeling through transforming growth factor-beta1 and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma in alcoholic cardiomyopathy, Chin Med J (Engl), vol.1243, pp.390-395, 2011.

K. M. Lamar, T. Miller, L. Dellefave-castillo, and E. M. Mcnally, Genotype-Specific Interaction of Latent TGFbeta Binding Protein 4 with TGFbeta, PloS one, vol.112, p.150358, 2016.

K. Miyazono, A. Olofsson, P. Colosetti, and C. H. Heldin, A role of the latent TGF-beta 1-binding protein in the assembly and secretion of TGF-beta 1, The EMBO journal, vol.105, pp.1091-1101, 1991.

J. A. Elefteriades and B. A. Ziganshin, Paradigm for Detecting Silent Thoracic Aneurysm Disease

, Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, vol.284, pp.776-782, 2016.

R. R. Davies, L. J. Goldstein, M. A. Coady, S. L. Tittle, J. A. Rizzo et al., Yearly rupture or dissection rates for thoracic aortic aneurysms: simple prediction based on size

, Ann Thorac Surg, vol.731, pp.27-45, 2002.

J. A. Elefteriades and B. A. Ziganshin, Gratitude to the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection From the Aortic Community, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol.664, pp.359-362, 2015.

J. L. Tolenaar, W. Froehlich, and F. H. Jonker, Predicting in-hospital mortality in acute type B aortic dissection: evidence from International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection, Circulation, issue.1, pp.45-50, 2014.

E. M. Rzucidlo, K. A. Martin, and R. J. Powell, Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, vol.45, 2007.

N. Mao, T. Gu, E. Shi, G. Zhang, L. Yu et al., Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in animal model of rat thoracic aortic aneurysm, Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, vol.211, pp.62-70, 2015.

Z. Lai, P. Lin, X. Weng, J. Su, Y. Chen et al., MicroRNA-574-5p promotes cell growth of vascular smooth muscle cells in the progression of coronary artery disease, Biomed Pharmacother, vol.97, pp.162-167, 2018.

A. N. Kapustin, M. L. Chatrou, and I. Drozdov, Vascular smooth muscle cell calcification is mediated by regulated exosome secretion, Circulation research, vol.1168, pp.1312-1323, 2015.

H. C. Dietz, TGF-beta in the pathogenesis and prevention of disease: a matter of aneurysmic proportions, J Clin Invest, vol.1202, pp.403-407, 2010.

A. Daugherty, Z. Chen, H. Sawada, D. L. Rateri, and M. B. Sheppard, Transforming Growth Factorbeta in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Good, Bad, or Irrelevant?, J Am Heart Assoc, p.61, 2017.

Y. Wang, H. Y. Huang, G. L. Bian, Y. S. Yu, W. X. Ye et al., A Functional Variant of SMAD4 Enhances Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection Risk through Promoting Smooth Muscle Cell Apoptosis and Proteoglycan Degradation, EBioMedicine, vol.21, pp.197-205, 2017.

P. Zhang, S. Hou, J. Chen, J. Zhang, F. Lin et al., Smad4 Deficiency in Smooth Muscle Cells Initiates the Formation of Aortic Aneurysm, Circulation research, vol.1183, pp.388-399, 2016.

X. Chen, H. Liang, J. Zhang, K. Zen, and C. Y. Zhang, Secreted microRNAs: a new form of intercellular communication, Trends Cell Biol, vol.223, pp.125-132, 2012.

M. A. Nguyen, D. Karunakaran, M. Geoffrion, H. S. Cheng, K. Tandoc et al., Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Atherogenic Macrophages Transfer MicroRNA to Inhibit Cell Migration. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, vol.381, pp.49-63, 2018.

F. Jansen, X. Yang, M. Hoelscher, A. Cattelan, T. Schmitz et al., Endothelial microparticle-mediated transfer of MicroRNA-126 promotes vascular endothelial cell repair via SPRED1 and is abrogated in glucose-damaged endothelial microparticles, Circulation, vol.12818, pp.2026-2038, 2013.

E. Hergenreider, S. Heydt, K. Treguer, T. Boettger, A. J. Horrevoets et al., Atheroprotective communication between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells through miRNAs, Nature cell biology, vol.143, pp.249-256, 2012.

X. Lin, Y. He, X. Hou, Z. Zhang, R. Wang et al., Endothelial Cells Can Regulate Smooth Muscle Cells in Contractile Phenotype through the miR-206/ARF6&NCX1/Exosome Axis, PloS one, vol.113, p.152959, 2016.

T. Sanai and G. Kimura, Renal function reserve and sodium sensitivity in essential hypertension

, J Lab Clin Med, vol.1281, pp.89-97, 1996.

A. Karthikesalingam, S. S. Bahia, B. O. Patterson, G. Peach, A. Vidal-diez et al., The shortfall in long-term survival of patients with repaired thoracic or abdominal aortic aneurysms: retrospective case-control analysis of hospital episode statistics. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery, vol.465, pp.533-541, 2013.

B. D. Allen, A. J. Barker, P. Kansal, J. D. Collins, J. C. Carr et al., Impact of aneurysm repair on thoracic aorta hemodynamics, Circulation, vol.12817, pp.341-343, 2013.

J. L. Vincent, R. Moreno, J. Takala, S. Willatts, D. Mendonca et al., The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Intensive Care Med, vol.227, pp.707-710, 1996.

K. Matheis, D. Laurie, and C. Andriamandroso, A generic operational strategy to qualify translational safety biomarkers, Drug Discov Today, pp.600-608, 2011.

L. Rivoli, A. D. Vliegenthart, C. M. De-potter, J. J. Van-bragt, N. Tzoumas et al., The effect of renal dysfunction and haemodialysis on circulating liver specific miR-122, Br J Clin Pharmacol, vol.833, pp.584-592, 2017.

J. Yanta, F. X. Guyette, A. A. Doshi, C. W. Callaway, and J. C. Rittenberger, Post Cardiac Arrest S. Renal dysfunction is common following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.8410, pp.1371-1374, 2013.

J. Pilotte, E. E. Dupont-versteegden, and P. W. Vanderklish, Widespread regulation of miRNA biogenesis at the Dicer step by the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein, RBM3, PloS one, vol.612, p.28446, 2011.

J. Dresios, A. Aschrafi, G. C. Owens, P. W. Vanderklish, G. M. Edelman et al., Cold stressinduced protein Rbm3 binds 60S ribosomal subunits, alters microRNA levels, and enhances global protein synthesis, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.1026, pp.1865-1870, 2005.

P. Andersson, O. Gidlof, O. O. Braun, M. Gotberg, J. Van-der-pals et al., Plasma levels of liver-specific miR-122 is massively increased in a porcine cardiogenic shock model and attenuated by hypothermia, Shock, vol.372, pp.234-238, 2012.

J. Bakker, M. Coffernils, M. Leon, P. Gris, and J. L. Vincent, Blood lactate levels are superior to oxygen-derived variables in predicting outcome in human septic shock, Chest, vol.994, pp.956-962, 1991.

H. Wang, K. Meng, W. Chen, D. Feng, Y. Jia et al., Serum miR-574-5p: a prognostic predictor of sepsis patients, Shock, vol.373, pp.263-267, 2012.

Y. Xie, W. Li, J. Feng, T. Wu, and J. Li, MicroRNA-363 and GATA-1 are regulated by HIF-1alpha in K562 cells under hypoxia, Molecular medicine reports, vol.143, pp.2503-2510, 2016.

K. L. Eskla, R. Porosk, R. Reimets, T. Visnapuu, E. Vasar et al., Hypothermia augments stress response in mammalian cells, Free Radic Biol Med, vol.121, pp.157-168, 2018.

O. Sogut, C. Guloglu, M. Orak, M. B. Sayhan, M. T. Gokdemir et al., Trauma scores and neuron-specific enolase, cytokine and C-reactive protein levels as predictors of mortality in patients with blunt head trauma, J Int Med Res, vol.385, pp.1708-1720, 2010.

M. L. Chaves, A. L. Camozzato, E. D. Ferreira, I. Piazenski, R. Kochhann et al., Serum levels of S100B and NSE proteins in Alzheimer's disease patients, J Neuroinflammation, vol.7, p.6, 2010.

E. P. Thelin, D. W. Nelson, and B. M. Bellander, A review of the clinical utility of serum S100B protein levels in the assessment of traumatic brain injury, Acta Neurochir, vol.1592, pp.209-225, 2017.

W. Zhang, S. Thevapriya, P. J. Kim, W. P. Yu, H. S. Je et al., Amyloid precursor protein regulates neurogenesis by antagonizing miR-574-5p in the developing cerebral cortex, Nat Commun, vol.5, p.3330, 2014.

T. Ku, B. Li, R. Gao, Y. Zhang, W. Yan et al., NF-kappaB-regulated microRNA-574-5p underlies synaptic and cognitive impairment in response to atmospheric PM2.5 aspiration, Part Fibre Toxicol, vol.141, p.34, 2017.

L. Gourash and J. Puig-antich, Medical and biologic aspects of adolescent depression, Semin Adolesc Med, vol.24, pp.299-310, 1986.

C. S. Gan, C. W. Wang, and K. S. Tan, Circulatory microRNA-145 expression is increased in cerebral ischemia, Genet Mol Res, vol.111, pp.147-152, 2012.

K. Jeyaseelan, K. Y. Lim, and A. Armugam, MicroRNA expression in the blood and brain of rats subjected to transient focal ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion, Stroke, vol.393, pp.959-966, 2008.

K. M. Foss, C. Sima, D. Ugolini, M. Neri, K. E. Allen et al., miR-1254 and miR-574-5p: serum-based microRNA biomarkers for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, 346. van den Berg ME, vol.63, pp.606-613, 2011.

N. Bosson, A. H. Kaji, A. Fang, J. L. Thomas, W. J. French et al., Sex Differences in Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the Era of Regionalized Systems and Advanced Post-Resuscitation Care, J Am Heart Assoc, p.59, 2016.

J. Herlitz, J. Engdahl, L. Svensson, M. Young, K. A. Angquist et al., Is female sex associated with increased survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest?, Resuscitation, vol.602, pp.197-203, 2004.

S. W. Waldo, E. J. Armstrong, A. Kulkarni, K. Hoffmayer, S. Kinlay et al., Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of cardiac arrest survivors having versus not having coronary angiography, The American journal of cardiology, vol.1119, pp.1253-1258, 2013.

M. Winther-jensen, C. Hassager, J. Kjaergaard, J. Bro-jeppesen, J. H. Thomsen et al., Women have a worse prognosis and undergo fewer coronary angiographies after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest than men, Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care, vol.75, pp.414-422, 2018.

M. Winther-jensen, J. Kjaergaard, and M. Wanscher, No difference in mortality between men and women after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Resuscitation, vol.96, pp.78-84, 2015.

L. Wu, H. Zhou, H. Lin, J. Qi, C. Zhu et al., Circulating microRNAs are elevated in plasma from severe preeclamptic pregnancies, Reproduction, vol.1433, pp.389-397, 2012.

M. Maierthaler, A. Benner, M. Hoffmeister, H. Surowy, L. Jansen et al., Plasma miR-122 and miR-200 family are prognostic markers in colorectal cancer, Int J Cancer, vol.1401, pp.176-187, 2017.

F. G. Heinemann, Y. Tolkach, M. Deng, D. Schmidt, S. Perner et al., Serum miR-122-5p and miR-206 expression: non-invasive prognostic biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma, Clin Epigenetics, vol.10, p.11, 2018.

T. Rahmel, S. T. Schafer, U. H. Frey, M. Adamzik, and J. Peters, Increased circulating microRNA-122 is a biomarker for discrimination and risk stratification in patients defined by sepsis-3 criteria, PloS one, vol.135, p.197637, 2018.

K. Qu, X. Zhang, T. Lin, T. Liu, Z. Wang et al., Circulating miRNA-21-5p as a diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer: evidence from comprehensive miRNA expression profiling analysis and clinical validation

, Sci Rep, vol.71, p.1692, 2017.

W. Zhao, J. J. Zhao, L. Zhang, Q. F. Xu, Y. M. Zhao et al., Serum miR-21 level: a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer, Int J Clin Exp Med, vol.89, pp.14759-14763, 2015.

T. M. Motawi, N. A. Sadik, O. G. Shaker, E. Masry, M. R. Mohareb et al., Study of microRNAs-21/221 as potential breast cancer biomarkers in Egyptian women, Gene, vol.5902, pp.210-219, 2016.

Y. Wang, J. Li, H. Chen, Y. Mo, H. Ye et al., Down-regulation of miR-133a as a poor prognosticator in non-small cell lung cancer, Gene, vol.5912, pp.333-337, 2016.

R. Kumarswamy, I. Volkmann, and T. Thum, Regulation and function of miRNA-21 in health and disease, RNA Biol, vol.85, pp.706-713, 2011.

J. F. Chen, E. M. Mandel, J. M. Thomson, Q. Wu, T. E. Callis et al., The role of microRNA-1 and microRNA-133 in skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation, Nat Genet, vol.382, pp.228-233, 2006.

Y. Liu, Y. Liang, J. F. Zhang, and W. M. Fu, MicroRNA-133 mediates cardiac diseases: Mechanisms and clinical implications, Experimental cell research, vol.3542, pp.65-70, 2017.

Z. Zhang, X. Li, Q. Xiao, and Z. Wang, MiR-574-5p mediates the cell cycle and apoptosis in thyroid cancer cells via Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by repressing the expression of Quaking proteins, Oncol Lett, vol.154, pp.5841-5848, 2018.

S. Ji, G. Ye, J. Zhang, L. Wang, T. Wang et al., miR-574-5p negatively regulates Qki6/7 to impact beta-catenin/Wnt signalling and the development of colorectal cancer, Gut, vol.625, pp.716-726, 2013.

Z. Cui, J. Tang, J. Chen, and Z. Wang, Hsa-miR-574-5p negatively regulates MACC-1 expression to suppress colorectal cancer liver metastasis, Cancer cell international, vol.14, p.47, 2014.

C. Esau, S. Davis, and S. F. Murray, miR-122 regulation of lipid metabolism revealed by in vivo antisense targeting, Cell Metab, vol.32, pp.87-98, 2006.

S. N. Bhattacharyya, R. Habermacher, M. U. Closs, E. I. Filipowicz, and W. , Relief of microRNA-mediated translational repression in human cells subjected to stress, Cell, vol.1256, pp.1111-1124, 2006.

D. A. Calvopina, M. A. Coleman, P. J. Lewindon, and G. A. Ramm, Function and Regulation of MicroRNAs and Their Potential as Biomarkers in Paediatric Liver Disease, International journal of molecular sciences, p.1711, 2016.

S. Bai, M. W. Nasser, B. Wang, S. H. Hsu, J. Datta et al., MicroRNA-122 inhibits tumorigenic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and sensitizes these cells to sorafenib, J Biol Chem, vol.28446, pp.32015-32027, 2009.

B. Wang, H. Wang, and Z. Yang, MiR-122 inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenesis of breast cancer by targeting IGF1R, PloS one, vol.710, p.47053, 2012.

Z. J. Pei, Z. G. Zhang, A. X. Hu, F. Yang, and Y. Gai, miR-122-5p inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting MYC in gastric cancer cells, Pharmazie, vol.726, pp.344-347, 2017.

T. Huan, G. Chen, C. Liu, A. Bhattacharya, J. Rong et al., Age-associated microRNA expression in human peripheral blood is associated with all-cause mortality and age-related traits, Aging Cell, p.171, 2018.

S. Ameling, T. Kacprowski, R. K. Chilukoti, C. Malsch, V. Liebscher et al., Associations of circulating plasma microRNAs with age, body mass index and sex in a population-based study, BMC Med Genomics, vol.8, p.61, 2015.

N. H. Heegaard, A. L. Carlsen, B. Lilje, K. L. Ng, M. E. Ronne et al., Diurnal Variations of Human Circulating Cell-Free Micro-RNA, PloS one, vol.118, p.160577, 2016.

S. Fichtlscherer, D. Rosa, S. Fox, H. Schwietz, T. Fischer et al., Circulating microRNAs in patients with coronary artery disease, Circulation research, vol.1075, pp.677-684, 2010.

S. Li, C. Cao, H. Chen, J. Song, C. Lee et al., Atheroprotective effects of statins in patients with unstable angina by regulating the blood-borne microRNA network, Molecular medicine reports, vol.161, pp.817-827, 2017.

J. Li, H. Chen, J. Ren, J. Song, F. Zhang et al., Effects of statin on circulating microRNAome and predicted function regulatory network in patients with unstable angina, BMC Med Genomics, vol.8, p.12, 2015.

T. Zambrano, R. Hirata, M. H. Hirata, A. Cerda, and L. A. Salazar, Statins differentially modulate microRNAs expression in peripheral cells of hyperlipidemic subjects: A pilot study, Eur J Pharm Sci, vol.117, pp.55-61, 2018.

A. Carino, D. Rosa, S. Sorrentino, S. Polimeni, A. Sabatino et al., Modulation of Circulating MicroRNAs Levels during the Switch from Clopidogrel to Ticagrelor, BioMed research international, p.3968206, 2016.

H. C. De-boer, C. Van-solingen, J. Prins, J. M. Duijs, M. V. Huisman et al., Aspirin treatment hampers the use of plasma microRNA-126 as a biomarker for the progression of vascular disease, Eur Heart J, vol.3444, pp.3451-3457, 2013.

H. G. Binderup, K. Houlind, J. S. Madsen, and C. L. Brasen, Aspirin resistance may be identified by miR-92a in plasma combined with platelet distribution width, Clin Biochem, vol.4915, pp.1167-1172, 2016.

H. Gonzalez, S. J. Hwang, and M. E. Davis, New class of polymers for the delivery of macromolecular therapeutics, Bioconjug Chem, vol.106, pp.1068-1074, 1999.

H. Ragelle, G. Vandermeulen, and V. Preat, Chitosan-based siRNA delivery systems, J Control Release, vol.1721, pp.207-218, 2013.

J. S. Blum and W. M. Saltzman, High loading efficiency and tunable release of plasmid DNA encapsulated in submicron particles fabricated from PLGA conjugated with poly-L-lysine

, J Control Release, vol.1291, pp.66-72, 2008.

S. Akhtar and I. F. Benter, Nonviral delivery of synthetic siRNAs in vivo, J Clin Invest, vol.11712, pp.3623-3632, 2007.

S. H. Kim, J. H. Jeong, S. H. Lee, S. W. Kim, and T. G. Park, PEG conjugated VEGF siRNA for antiangiogenic gene therapy, J Control Release, vol.1162, pp.123-129, 2006.

P. Trang, J. F. Wiggins, C. L. Daige, C. Cho, M. Omotola et al., Systemic delivery of tumor suppressor microRNA mimics using a neutral lipid emulsion inhibits lung tumors in mice, Mol Ther, vol.196, pp.1116-1122, 2011.

C. N. Landen, A. Chavez-reyes, C. Bucana, R. Schmandt, M. T. Deavers et al., Therapeutic EphA2 gene targeting in vivo using neutral liposomal small interfering RNA delivery, Cancer Res, vol.6515, pp.6910-6918, 2005.

E. Van-rooij and S. Kauppinen, Development of microRNA therapeutics is coming of age

, EMBO Mol Med, vol.67, pp.851-864, 2014.

K. Zsebo, A. Yaroshinsky, J. J. Rudy, K. Wagner, B. Greenberg et al., Longterm effects of AAV1/SERCA2a gene transfer in patients with severe heart failure: analysis of recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol.1141, pp.102-113, 2014.

M. H. Van-der-ree, J. M. De-vree, and F. Stelma, Safety, tolerability, and antiviral effect of RG-101 in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a phase 1B, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, Lancet, vol.38910070, pp.709-717, 2017.

J. Beermann, M. T. Piccoli, J. Viereck, and T. Thum, Non-coding RNAs in Development and Disease: Background, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Approaches, Physiol Rev, vol.964, pp.1297-1325, 2016.

C. Gomes, H. Spencer, K. L. Ford, L. Michel, A. H. Baker et al., The Function and Therapeutic Potential of Long Non-coding RNAs in Cardiovascular Development and Disease, Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, vol.8, pp.494-507, 2017.

S. S. Zhou, J. P. Jin, J. Q. Wang, Z. G. Zhang, J. H. Freedman et al., miRNAS in cardiovascular diseases: potential biomarkers, therapeutic targets and challenges, Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2018.

. R-e-s-u-m-e,

, Le diagnostic et la prédiction de l'évolution des MCV reposent actuellement sur l'utilisation de biomarqueurs protéiques, mais doivent être améliorés pour optimiser la prise en charge des patients. Le transcriptome sanguin comprend l'ensemble des molécules ARN circulantes, qui sont présentes dans les cellules sanguines et libres dans le sang. Parmi elles, les ARN messagers (ARNm) codent pour des protéines alors que de petits ARN non codants, les microARNs (miARNs), Les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) représentent la première cause de mortalité dans le Monde et en Europe

, Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que le transcriptome sanguin, et en particulier les ARNm et les miARNs, avaient un potentiel de biomarqueur

, Dans une troisième étude, nous avons montré que les niveaux circulants de miR-574-5p étaient capables de discriminer les patients porteurs d'un AAT des personnes saines. De plus, le miR-574-5p est encapsulé dans des vésicules extracellulaires dans le sang, suggérant un rôle paracrine. Au cours des quatrième et cinquième études, nous avons montré que les niveaux circulants de miR-122-5p étaient des prédicteurs indépendants de l'évolution neurologique et de la survie à moyen terme post-AC, et capable d'améliorer les modèles de prédiction existants, nous avons montré que l'héparine endogène pouvait induire une inhibition de la transcription inverse couplée à la PCR quantitative lors de la mesure des miARNs circulants et que ce paramètre devait être pris en compte lors de l'étude du transcriptome sanguin

, En conclusion, ce travail de thèse a permis la découverte ou la confirmation de la valeur de biomarqueurs potentiels de transcrits et miARNs dans différentes MCV. Cependant, leur capacité de biomarqueur devra être validée dans d'autres études à grande échelle et à l'aide d'autres techniques avant d'envisager leur utilisation en clinique

A. B-s-t-r-a-c-t, Mots clés : maladies cardiovasculaires, biomarqueurs diagnostiques, biomarqueurs prédictifs, transcriptome sanguin, microARN

, Diagnosis and prediction of outcome of CVD currently rely on the use of protein biomarkers, but should be improved to optimize patient healthcare. Blood transcriptome contains all RNA molecules present in blood cells and in the acellular compartment. Among them, messenger RNA (mRNA) code for proteins whereas small non coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA), Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of mortality in the World and in Europe

, We hypothesized that blood transcriptome, mRNA and miRNA in particular, had a potential as biomarker, diagnostic or prognostic

, inhibition of reverse transcription and quantitative PCR reaction used to measure miRNAs expressed in the blood, and that this parameter should be considered for studies on blood transcriptome. Secondly, we showed that 3 transcripts (coding for genes LMNB1, LTBP4, TGFBR1) expressed in whole blood, were independent predictors of cardiac function alteration at 4 months post-MI. Furthermore, the inclusion of these 3 transcripts in a prediction model containing clinical variables had an incremental predictive value. In a third study, we showed that circulating levels of miR-574-5p were able to discriminate patients with TAA from healthy controls. Furthermore, miR-574-5p was encapsulated in extracellular vesicles in the blood, suggesting a paracrine role. In the fourth and fifth studies, we showed that circulating levels of miR-122-5p were independent predictors of neurological outcome and survival at middle term post-CA