M. Alnnasouri, C. Dagot, and M. N. Pons, Comparison of four methods to assess 353 biofilm development, Water Science and Technology, vol.63, pp.432-439, 2011.

M. Alnnasouri, C. Lemaitre, C. Gentric, C. Dagot, and M. N. Pons, Influence of 355 surface topography on biofilm development: Experiment and modeling, Biochemical 356 Engineering Journal, vol.57, pp.38-45, 2011.

A. , Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 1985.

D. C. Washington, , p.1268

M. A. Babu, E. M. Hes, N. P. Van-der-steen, C. M. Hooijmans, and H. J. Gijzen, , 2010.

, Nitrification rates of algal-bacterial biofilms in wastewater stabilization ponds under light and 361 dark conditions, Ecology Engineering, vol.36, pp.1741-1746

E. G. Bellinger and D. C. Sigee, Freshwater Algae: Identification and Use as, 2015.

. Bioindicators,

N. C. Boelee, H. Temmink, M. Janssen, C. J. Buisman, and R. H. Wijffels, Nitrogen 366 and phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater effluent using microalgal 367 biofilms, Water Research, vol.45, pp.5925-5933, 2011.

N. C. Boelee, H. Temmink, M. Janssen, C. J. Buisman, and R. H. Wijffels, Scenario 370 analysis of nutrient removal from municipal wastewater by microalgal biofilms, vol.4, pp.460-371, 2012.

N. C. Boelee, M. Janssen, H. Temmink, L. Taparavi?i?t?, R. Khiewwijit et al., , p.374

R. H. Wijffels, The effect of harvesting on biomass production and nutrient removal 375 in phototrophic biofilm reactors for effluent polishing, Journal Applied Phycology, vol.26, pp.1439-376, 2014.

N. C. Boelee, H. Temmink, M. Janssen, C. J. Buisman, and R. H. Wijffels, , 2014.

, Balancing the organic load and light supply in symbiotic microalgal-bacterial biofilm reactors 379 treating synthetic municipal wastewater, Ecology Engineering, vol.64, pp.213-221

A. , Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 1985.

D. C. Washington, , p.1268

A. Ajeej, J. V. Thanikal, C. M. Narayanan, and R. S. Kumar, An overview of bio 397 augmentation of methane by anaerobic co-digestion of municipal sludge along with 398 microalgae and waste paper, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.50, pp.270-276, 2015.

J. M. Ayre, N. R. Moheimani, and M. A. Borowitzka, Growth of microalgae on 400 undiluted anaerobic digestate of piggery effluent with high ammonium concentrations, Research, vol.401, pp.218-226, 2017.

P. Bohutskyi, K. Liu, L. K. Nasr, N. Byers, J. N. Rosenberg et al., Bioprospecting of microalgae for integrated biomass production and 404 phytoremediation of unsterilized wastewater and anaerobic digestion centrate, Applied 405 Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.99, pp.6139-6154, 2015.

Y. Collos and P. J. Harrison, Acclimation and toxicity of high ammonium concentrations to 407 unicellular algae, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.80, pp.8-23, 2014.

M. De?bowski, M. Zielin´skizielin´ski, A. Grala, and M. Dudek, Algae biomass as an alternative 409 substrate in biogas production technologies -review, Renewable Sustainable Energy 410 Reviews, vol.27, pp.596-604, 2013.

E. Elbeshbishy, G. Nakhla, and H. Hafez, Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of food 412 waste and primary sludge: influence of inoculum pre-incubation and inoculum source, 2012.

, Bioresource Technology, vol.110, pp.18-25

M. Franchino, V. Tigini, G. C. Varese, R. M. Sartor, and F. Bona, Microalgae treatment 415 removes nutrients and reduces ecotoxicity of diluted piggery digestate, Science of the Total, p.416, 2016.

, Environment, vol.569, pp.40-45

C. G. Golueke, W. J. Oswald, and H. B. Gotass, Anarobic digestion of algae, Applied 418 Microbiology, vol.5, pp.47-55, 1957.

G. Gutzeit, D. Lorch, A. Weber, M. Engels, and U. Neis, Bioflocculent algal-bacterial 420 biomass improves low-cost wastewater treatment, Water Science Technology, vol.52, pp.9-18, 2005.

C. González-fernández, B. Molinuevo-salces, and M. C. García-gonzález, Nitrogen 422 transformations under different conditions in open ponds by means of microalgae-bacteria 423 consortium treating pig slurry, Bioresource Technology, vol.102, pp.960-966, 2011.

W. Huang, B. Li, C. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Lei et al., Effect of algae 425 growth on aerobic granulation and nutrients removal from synthetic wastewater by using 426 sequencing batch reactors, Bioresource Technology, vol.179, pp.187-192, 2015.

D. Hernández, B. Riaño, M. Coca, and M. C. García-gonzález, Treatment of agro-428 industrial wastewater using microalgae-bacteria consortium combined with anaerobic 429 digestion of the produced biomass, Bioresource Technology, vol.135, pp.598-603, 2013.

T. Hidaka, Y. Takabe, J. Tsumori, and M. Minamiyama, Characterization of microalgae 431 cultivated in continuous operation combined with anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge 432 and microalgae, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol.99, pp.139-146, 2017.

K. Barbara, R. Sabine, C. Jan, and . Olaf, Influence of biogas digestate 434 on density, biomass and community composition of earthworms, Industrial Crops and 435 Products, vol.66, pp.206-209, 2015.

A. Mahdy, L. Mendez, M. Ballesteros, and C. González-fernández, Algaculture 437 integration in conventional wastewater treatment plants: anaerobic digestion comparison of 438 primary and secondary sludge with microalgae biomass, Bioresource Technology, vol.184, pp.236-439, 2015.

F. Marazzi, C. Sambusiti, F. Monlau, S. E. Cecere, D. Scaglione et al., A novel option for reducing the optical density of liquid digestate to achieve a more 442 productive microalgal culturing, Algal Research, vol.24, pp.19-28, 2017.

M. Massa, S. Buono, A. L. Langellotti, L. Castaldo, A. Martello et al., Evaluation of anaerobic digestates from different feedstocks as growth media for, p.445, 2017.

. Tetradesmus-obliquus and . Botryococcusbraunii, Phaeodactylumtricornutum and Arthrospira 446 maxima, New Biotechnology, vol.36, pp.8-16

F. Passos, F. Solé, J. García, and I. Ferrer, Biogas production from microalgae grown in 448 wastewater: effect of microwave pretreatment, Applied Energy, vol.108, pp.168-175, 2013.

S. K. Prajapati, P. Kumar, A. Malik, and V. K. Vijay, Bioconversion of algae to 450 methane and subsequent utilization of digestate for algae cultivation: a closed loop bioenergy 451 generation process, Bioresource Technology, vol.158, pp.174-180, 2014.

R. J. Porra, W. A. Thompson, and P. E. Kriedemann, Determination of accurate 453 extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophylls a and b extracted 454 with four different solvents: verification of the concentration of chlorophyll standards by 455 atomic absorption spectroscopy, BiochimicaetBiophysicaActa (BBA)-Bioenergetics. 975, vol.456, pp.384-394, 1989.

H. Tijani, N. Abdullah, and A. Yuzir, Integration of microalgae biomass in 458 biomethanation systems, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.52, pp.1610-1622, 2015.

S. Van-den-hende, C. Laurent, and M. Bégué, Anaerobic digestion of microalgal 460 bacterial flocs from a raceway pond treating aquaculture wastewater: need for a 461 biorefinery, Bioresource Technology, vol.196, pp.184-193, 2015.

N. Wieczorek, M. A. Kucuker, and K. Kuchta, Microalgae-bacteria flocs (MaB-Flocs) as 463 a substrate for fermentative biogas production, Bioresource Technology, vol.194, pp.130-136, 2015.

, Autotrophic index: represents the quotient between VSS and chlorophyll (a) values (Apha, p.651, 1985.

A. Ajeej, J. V. Thanikal, C. M. Narayanan, and R. S. Kumar, An overview of bio augmentation of methane by anaerobic co-digestion of municipal sludge along with microalgae and waste paper, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.50, pp.270-276, 2015.

C. Alcántara, J. M. Domínguez, D. García, S. Blanco, R. Pérez et al.,

R. Muñoz, Evaluation of wastewater treatment in a novel anoxic-aerobic algalbacterial photobioreactor with biomass recycling through carbon and nitrogen mass balances, Bioresource Technology, vol.191, pp.173-186, 2015.

S. A. Amin, D. H. Green, M. C. Hart, F. C. Küpper, W. G. Sunda et al., , 2009.

, Photolysis of iron-siderophore chelates promotes bacterial-algal mutualism, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.106, pp.17071-17076

J. B. Ashen and L. J. Goff, Molecular and ecological evidence for species specificity and coevolution in a group of marine algal-bacterial symbioses, Applied and environmental microbiology, vol.66, pp.3024-3030, 2000.

E. Awuah, Pathogen removal mechanisms in macrophyte and algal waste stabilization ponds, 2006.

Y. Bashan and G. Holguin, Proposal for the division of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria into two classifications: biocontrol-PGPB (plant growth-promoting bacteria) and PGPB, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.30, pp.1225-1228, 1998.

D. J. Batstone, T. Hülsen, C. M. Mehta, and J. Keller, Platforms for energy and nutrient recovery from domestic wastewater: A review, Chemosphere, vol.140, pp.2-11, 2015.

B. Bharathiraja, M. Chakravarthy, R. R. Kumar, D. Yogendran, and D. Yuvaraj,

J. Jayamuthunagai and S. Palani, Aquatic biomass (algae) as a future feed stock for bio-refineries: A review on cultivation, processing and products, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.47, pp.634-653, 2015.

K. Bi?ová and V. Zachleder, Cell-cycle regulation in green algae dividing by multiple fission, Journal of Experimental Botany, vol.65, pp.2585-2602, 2014.

W. J. Bjornsson, R. W. Nicol, K. E. Dickinson, and P. J. Mcginn, Anaerobic digestates are useful nutrient sources for microalgae cultivation: functional coupling of energy and biomass production, Journal of Applied Phycology, vol.25, pp.1523-1528, 2013.

N. C. Boelee, M. Janssen, H. Temmink, L. Taparavi?i?t?, R. Khiewwijit et al.,

R. H. Wijffels, The effect of harvesting on biomass production and nutrient removal in phototrophic biofilm reactors for effluent polishing, Journal of Applied Phycology, vol.26, pp.1439-1452, 2014.

N. C. Boelee, H. Temmink, M. Janssen, C. J. Buisman, and R. H. Wijffels, , 2014.

, Balancing the organic load and light supply in symbiotic microalgal-bacterial biofilm reactors treating synthetic municipal wastewater, Ecological Engineering, vol.64, pp.213-221

N. C. Boelee, H. Temmink, M. Janssen, C. J. Buisman, and R. H. Wijffels, Scenario analysis of nutrient removal from municipal wastewater by microalgal biofilms, vol.4, pp.460-473, 2012.

T. Cai, S. Y. Park, and Y. Li, Nutrient recovery from wastewater streams by microalgae: status and prospects, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.19, pp.360-369, 2013.

W. Y. Cheah, P. L. Show, J. S. Chang, T. C. Ling, and J. C. Juan, Biosequestration of atmospheric CO2 and flue gas-containing CO2 by microalgae, Bioresource Technology, vol.184, pp.190-201, 2015.

B. Cheirsilp, T. Thawechai, and P. Prasertsan, Immobilized oleaginous microalgae for production of lipid and phytoremediation of secondary effluent from palm oil mill in fluidized bed photobioreactor, Bioresource Technology, vol.241, pp.787-794, 2017.

H. Chen, D. Zhou, G. Luo, S. Zhang, and J. Chen, Macroalgae for biofuels production: progress and perspectives, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.47, pp.427-437, 2015.

Y. Chisti, Biodiesel from microalgae, Biotechnology advances, vol.25, issue.3, pp.294-306, 2007.

S. Y. Chiu, C. Y. Kao, C. H. Chen, T. C. Kuan, S. C. Ong et al., Reduction of CO2 by a high-density culture of Chlorella sp. in a semicontinuous photobioreactor, Bioresource Technology, vol.99, pp.3389-3396, 2008.

D. H. Cho, R. Ramanan, J. Heo, J. Lee, B. H. Kim et al., , 2015.

, Enhancing microalgal biomass productivity by engineering a microalgal-bacterial community, Bioresource Technology, vol.175, pp.578-585

M. B. Cooper and A. G. Smith, Exploring mutualistic interactions between microalgae and bacteria in the omics age, Current Opinion in Plant Biology, vol.26, pp.147-153, 2015.

R. J. Craggs, T. J. Lundquist, and J. R. Benemann, Wastewater treatment and algal biofuel production, Algae for biofuels and energy, pp.153-163, 2013.

K. W. Crane and J. P. Grover, Coexistence of mixotrophs, autotrophs, and heterotrophs in planktonic microbial communities, Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol.262, pp.517-527, 2010.

C. L. Crofcheck, M. Monstross, E. Xinyi, A. P. Shea, M. Crocker et al., , 2012.

, Influence of media composition on the growth rate of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus acutus utilized for CO2 mitigation, p.1, 2012.

, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers

M. T. Croft, A. D. Lawrence, E. Raux-deery, M. J. Warren, and A. G. Smith, Algae acquire vitamin B 12 through a symbiotic relationship with bacteria, Nature, vol.438, issue.7064, p.90, 2005.

I. De-godos, C. González, E. Becares, P. A. García-encina, and R. Muñoz, , 2009.

, Simultaneous nutrients and carbon removal during pretreated swine slurry degradation in a tubular biofilm photobioreactor, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.82, pp.187-194

L. E. De-bashan, J. P. Hernandez, T. Morey, and Y. Bashan, Microalgae growthpromoting bacteria as "helpers" for microalgae: a novel approach for removing ammonium and phosphorus from municipal wastewater, Water Research, vol.38, pp.466-474, 2004.

M. F. Demirbas, Biofuels from algae for sustainable development, Applied Energy, vol.88, pp.3473-3480, 2011.

I. J. Dioha, C. H. Ikeme, T. Nafi'u, N. I. Soba, and M. B. Yusuf, Effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio on biogas production, International Research Journal of Natural Sciences, vol.1, pp.1-10, 2013.

S. Dobretsov, M. Teplitski, A. Alagely, S. P. Gunasekera, and V. J. Paul, , 2010.

, Malyngolide from the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula interferes with quorum sensing circuitry, Environmental Microbiology Reports, vol.2, pp.739-744

C. P. Doncaster, A. Jackson, and R. A. Watson, Manipulated into giving: when parasitism drives apparent or incidental altruism, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, vol.280, 2013.

M. R. Droop, Vitamins, phytoplankton and bacteria: symbiosis or scavenging?, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.29, pp.107-113, 2007.

M. L. Gerardo, S. Van-den-hende, H. Vervaeren, T. Coward, and S. C. Skill, , 2015.

, Harvesting of microalgae within a biorefinery approach: a review of the developments and case studies from pilot-plants, Algal Research, vol.11, pp.248-262

A. L. Gonçalves, J. C. Pires, and M. Simões, A review on the use of microalgal consortia for wastewater treatment, Algal Research, vol.24, pp.403-415, 2017.

L. Gram, H. P. Grossart, A. Schlingloff, and T. Kiørboe, Possible quorum sensing in marine snow bacteria: production of acylated homoserine lactones by Roseobacter strains isolated from marine snow, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.68, pp.4111-4116, 2002.

S. Chiu, C. Kao, M. Tsai, S. Ong, C. Chen et al., Lipid accumulation and CO2 utilization of Nannochloropsis oculata in response to CO2 aeration, Bioresource Technollogy, vol.100, pp.833-841, 2009.

G. Gutzeit, D. Lorch, A. Weber, M. Engels, and U. Neis, Bioflocculent algalbacterial biomass improves low-cost wastewater treatment, Water Science and Technology, vol.52, pp.9-18, 2005.

A. Hallmann, Morphogenesis in the family Volvocaceae: different tactics for turning an embryo right-side out, Protist, vol.157, pp.445-461, 2006.

M. Hamdi, Lessons from rhizosphere and gastrointestinal ecosystems for inventive design of sustainable wastes recycling bioreactors, Biochemical Engineering Journal, vol.105, pp.62-70, 2016.

P. J. He, B. Mao, F. Lü, L. M. Shao, D. J. Lee et al., The combined effect of bacteria and Chlorella vulgaris on the treatment of municipal wastewaters, Bioresource Technology, vol.146, pp.562-568, 2013.

D. Hernández, B. Riaño, M. Coca, and M. C. García-gonzález, Treatment of agroindustrial wastewater using microalgae-bacteria consortium combined with anaerobic digestion of the produced biomass, Bioresource Technology, vol.135, pp.598-603, 2013.

G. Huang, F. Chen, D. Wei, X. Zhang, and G. Chen, Biodiesel production by microalgal biotechnology, Applied Energy, vol.87, pp.38-46, 2010.

K. Kawafune, Y. Hongoh, and H. Nozaki, A rickettsial endosymbiont inhabiting the cytoplasm of Volvox carteri (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae), Phycologia, vol.53, pp.95-99, 2014.

B. H. Kim, Z. Kang, R. Ramanan, J. E. Choi, D. H. Cho et al., Nutrient removal and biofuel production in high rate algal pond (HRAP) using real municipal wastewater, Journal of Microbiologyand Biotechnology, vol.24, pp.1123-1132, 2014.

B. Kim, R. Ramanan, D. Cho, H. Oh, and H. Kim, Role of Rhizobium, a plant growth promoting bacterium, in enhancing algal biomass through mutualistic interaction, Biomass Bioenergy, vol.69, pp.95-105, 2014.

M. Kim, S. Jeong, and S. Lee, Isolation, identification, and algicidal activity of marine bacteria against Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Journal of Applied Phycology, vol.20, pp.1069-1078, 2008.

D. L. Kirk, Current Biology, vol.14, pp.599-600, 2004.

J. Koreivien?, R. Val?iukas, J. Karosien?, and P. Baltr?nas, Testing of, 2014.

, Chlorella/Scenedesmus microalgae consortia for remediation of wastewater, CO2 mitigation and algae biomass feasibility for lipid production, Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, vol.22, pp.105-114

K. Kumar, C. N. Dasgupta, B. Nayak, P. Lindblad, and D. Das, Development of suitable photobioreactors for CO2 sequestration addressing global warming using green algae and cyanobacteria, Bioresource Technology, vol.102, pp.4945-4953, 2011.

K. Larsdotter, Wastewater treatment with microalgae-a literature review, vol.62, p.31, 2006.

P. S. Lau, N. F. Tam, and Y. S. Wong, Wastewater nutrients (N and P) removal by carrageenan and alginate immobilized Chlorella vulgaris, Environmental Technology, vol.18, pp.945-951, 1997.

J. Lee, D. H. Cho, R. Ramanan, B. H. Kim, H. M. Oh et al., Microalgaeassociated bacteria play a key role in the flocculation of Chlorella vulgaris, Bioresource Technology, vol.131, pp.195-201, 2013.

S. H. Lee, H. M. Oh, B. H. Jo, S. A. Lee, S. Y. Shin et al., , 2014.

, Higher biomass productivity of microalgae in an attached growth system, using wastewater, Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.24, pp.1566-1573

Y. K. Lee, Microalgal mass culture systems and methods: their limitation and potential, Journal of Applied Phycology, vol.13, pp.307-315, 2001.

Z. Liang, Y. Liu, F. Ge, Y. Xu, N. Tao et al., Efficiency assessment and pH effect in removing nitrogen and phosphorus by algae-bacteria combined system of Chlorella vulgaris and Bacillus licheniformis, Chemosphere, vol.92, pp.1383-1389, 2013.

M. Massa, S. Buono, A. L. Langellotti, L. Castaldo, A. Martello et al.,

V. Fogliano, Evaluation of anaerobic digestates from different feedstocks as growth media for Tetradesmus obliquus, Botryococcus braunii, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Arthrospira maxima, New Biotechnology, vol.36, pp.8-16, 2017.

T. M. Mata, A. A. Martins, and N. S. Caetano, Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: a review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.14, pp.217-232, 2010.

T. Matsumoto, Hydrodynamic characterization and performance evaluation of an aerobic three phase airlift fluidized bed reactor in a recirculation aquaculture system for Nile Tilapia production, Aquacultural Engineering, vol.47, pp.16-26, 2012.

X. Mayali and F. Azam, Algicidal bacteria in the sea and their impact on algal blooms, Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, vol.51, pp.139-144, 2004.

S. Mukherji and A. Chavan, Treatment of aqueous effluents containing non-aqueous phase liquids in rotating biological contactor with algal bacterial biofilm, Chemical Engineering Journal, pp.459-470, 0200.

R. Munoz and B. Guieysse, Algal-bacterial processes for the treatment of hazardous contaminants: a review, Water Research, vol.40, pp.2799-2815, 2006.

T. K. Nam, M. B. Timmons, C. D. Montemagno, and S. M. Tsukuda, Biofilm characteristics as affected by sand size and location in fluidized bed vessels, Aquaculture Engineering, vol.22, pp.213-224, 2000.

F. M. Natrah, M. M. Kenmegne, W. Wiyoto, P. Sorgeloos, P. Bossier et al., Effects of micro-algae commonly used in aquaculture on acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing, Aquaculture, vol.317, pp.53-57, 2011.

W. J. Oswald and H. B. Gotaas, Photosynthesis in sewage treatment. Transaction of the, vol.122, pp.73-105, 1957.

W. J. Oswald, H. B. Gotaas, H. F. Ludwig, and V. Lynch, Algae symbiosis in oxidation ponds, III. Photosynthetic Oxygenation. Sewage and Industrial Wastes, vol.25, pp.692-705, 1953.

J. B. Park and R. J. Craggs, Algal production in wastewater treatment high rate algal ponds for potential biofuel use, Water Science and Technology, vol.63, pp.2403-2410, 2011.

J. B. Park, R. J. Craggs, and A. N. Shilton, Enhancing biomass energy yield from pilotscale high rate algal ponds with recycling, Water Research, vol.47, pp.4422-4432, 2013.

A. Parmar, N. K. Singh, A. Pandey, E. Gnansounou, and D. Madamwar, , 2011.

, Cyanobacteria and microalgae: a positive prospect for biofuels, Bioresource Technology, vol.102, pp.10163-10172

O. Perez-garcia, F. M. Escalante, L. E. De-bashan, and Y. Bashan, Heterotrophic cultures of microalgae: metabolism and potential products, Water Research, vol.45, pp.11-36, 2011.

E. Posadas, P. A. García-encina, A. Soltau, A. Domínguez, I. Díaz et al., , 2013.

, Carbon and nutrient removal from centrates and domestic wastewater using algal-bacterial biofilm bioreactors, Bioresource Technology, vol.139, pp.50-58

C. Posten and G. Schaub, Microalgae and terrestrial biomass as source for fuels-a process view, Journal of Biotechnology, vol.142, issue.1, pp.64-69, 2009.

A. M. Rada-ariza, C. M. Lopez-vazquez, N. P. Van-der-steen, and P. N. Lens, , 2017.

, Nitrification by microalgal-bacterial consortia for ammonium removal in flat panel sequencing batch photo-bioreactors, Bioresource Technology, vol.245, pp.81-89

A. Raheem, W. W. Azlina, Y. T. Yap, M. K. Danquah, and R. Harun, , 2015.

, Thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass for biofuel production, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.49, pp.990-999

R. Ramanan, B. H. Kim, D. H. Cho, H. M. Oh, and H. S. Kim, Algae-bacteria interactions: evolution, ecology and emerging applications, Biotechnology Advances, vol.34, pp.14-29, 2016.

M. Ras, L. Lardon, B. Sialve, N. Bernet, and J. Steyer, Experimental study on a coupled process of production an anaerobic digestion of Chlorella vulgaris, Bioresource Technology, vol.102, pp.200-206, 2011.

T. B. Rasmussen and M. Givskov, Quorum sensing inhibitors: a bargain of effects, Microbiology, vol.152, pp.895-904, 2006.

S. A. Razzak, S. A. Ali, and M. M. Hossain, Biological CO2 fixation with production of microalgae in wastewater-A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.76, pp.379-390, 2017.

S. A. Razzak, M. M. Hossain, R. A. Lucky, A. S. Bassi, and H. De-lasa, Integrated CO2 capture, wastewater treatment and biofuel production by microalgae culturing-A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.27, pp.622-653, 2013.

M. O. Rivas, P. Vargas, and C. E. Riquelme, Interaction of Botryococcus braunii cultures with bacterial biofilm, Microbiology Ecology, vol.60, pp.628-635, 2010.

E. Rosenberg, O. Koren, L. Reshef, R. Efrony, and I. Zilber-rosenberg, The role of microorganisms in coral health, disease and evolution, Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol.5, pp.355-362, 2007.

C. Sambusiti, M. Bellucci, A. Zabaniotou, L. Beneduce, and F. Monlau, Algae as promising feedstocks for fermentative biohydrogen production according to a biorefinery approach: a comprehensive review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.44, pp.20-36, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01269179

C. A. Santos and A. Reis, Microalgal symbiosis in biotechnology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.98, pp.5839-5846, 2014.

S. I. Shayan, F. A. Agblevor, L. Bertin, and R. C. Sims, Hydraulic retention time effects on wastewater nutrient removal and bioproduct production via rotating algal biofilm reactor, Bioresource Technology, vol.211, pp.527-533, 2016.

Y. Su, A. Mennerich, and B. Urban, Synergistic cooperation between wastewater-born algae and activated sludge for wastewater treatment: Influence of algae and sludge inoculation ratios, Bioresource Technology, vol.105, pp.67-73, 2012.

T. Takei, K. Ikeda, H. Ijima, and K. Kawakami, Fabrication of poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel beads crosslinked using sodium sulfate for microorganism immobilization, Process Biochemistry, vol.46, pp.566-571, 2011.

S. B. Ummalyma, E. Gnansounou, R. K. Sukumaran, R. Sindhu, A. Pandey et al., Bioflocculation: An alternative strategy for harvesting of microalgae-An overview, Bioresource Technology, vol.242, pp.227-235, 2017.

V. V. Unnithan, A. Unc, and G. B. Smith, Mini-review: a priori considerations for bacteria-algae interactions in algal biofuel systems receiving municipal wastewaters, Algal Research, vol.4, pp.35-40, 2014.

S. Van-den-hende, Microalgal bacterial flocs for wastewater treatment: from concept to pilot scale, 2014.

S. Van-den-hende, V. Beelen, G. Bore, N. Boon, and H. Vervaeren, Up-scaling aquaculture wastewater treatment by microalgal bacterial flocs: from lab reactors to an outdoor raceway pond, Bioresource Technology, vol.159, pp.342-354, 2014.

S. Van-den-hende, E. Carré, E. Cocaud, V. Beelen, N. Boon et al., , 2014.

, Treatment of industrial wastewaters by microalgal bacterial flocs in sequencing batch reactors, Bioresource Technology, vol.161, pp.245-254

S. Van-den-hende, C. Laurent, and M. Bégué, Anaerobic digestion of microalgal bacterial flocs from a raceway pond treating aquaculture wastewater: need for a biorefinery, Bioresource Technology, vol.196, pp.184-193, 2015.

S. Van-den-hende, A. Rodrigues, H. Hamaekers, S. Sonnenholzner, H. Vervaeren et al., Microalgal bacterial flocs treating paper mill effluent: A sunlight-based approach for removing carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium, New Biotechnology, vol.39, pp.1-10, 2017.

S. Van-den-hende, H. Vervaeren, and N. Boon, Flue gas compounds and microalgae:(Bio-)chemical interactions leading to biotechnological opportunities, Biotechnology Advances, vol.30, pp.1405-1424, 2012.

D. Van-pham and L. T. Bach, Immobilized bacteria by using PVA, 2014.

, crosslinked with Sodium sulfate, International Journal of Science and Engineering, vol.7, pp.41-47

C. Vasseur, G. Bougaran, M. Garnier, J. Hamelin, C. Leboulanger et al.,

E. Fouilland, Carbon conversion efficiency and population dynamics of a marine algae-bacteria consortium growing on simplified synthetic digestate: first step in a bioprocess coupling algal production and anaerobic digestion, Bioresource Technology, vol.119, pp.79-87, 2012.

S. V. Vassilev and C. G. Vassileva, Composition, properties and challenges of algae biomass for biofuel application: an overview, Fuel, vol.181, pp.1-33, 2016.

E. Vulsteke, S. Van-den-hende, L. Bourez, H. Capoen, D. P. Rousseau et al., Economic feasibility of microalgal bacterial floc production for wastewater treatment Références bibliographiques and biomass valorization: A detailed up-to-date analysis of up-scaled pilot results, Bioresource technology, vol.224, pp.118-129, 2017.

D. S. Wágner, M. Radovici, B. F. Smets, I. Angelidaki, B. Valverde-pérez et al., Harvesting microalgae using activated sludge can decrease polymer dosing and enhance methane production via co-digestion in a bacterial-microalgal process, Algal Research, vol.20, pp.197-204, 2016.

B. Wang and C. Q. &lan, Biomass production and nitrogen and phosphorus removal by the green alga Neochloris oleoabundans in simulated wastewater and secondary municipal wastewater effluent, Bioresource Technology, vol.102, pp.5639-5644, 2011.

B. Wang, Y. Li, N. Wu, and C. Q. &lan, CO2 bio-mitigation using microalgae, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.79, pp.707-718, 2008.

L. Wang, Y. Li, P. Chen, M. Min, Y. Chen et al., Anaerobic digested dairy manure as a nutrient supplement for cultivation of oil-rich green microalgae Chlorella sp, Bioresource Technology, vol.101, pp.2623-2628, 2010.

L. Wang, M. Min, Y. Li, P. Chen, Y. Chen et al., Cultivation of green algae Chlorella sp. in different wastewaters from municipal wastewater treatment plant, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, vol.162, pp.1174-1186, 2010.

M. Wang, W. C. Kuo-dahab, S. Dolan, and C. Park, Kinetics of nutrient removal and expression of extracellular polymeric substances of the microalgae, Chlorella sp. and Micractinium sp., in wastewater treatment, Bioresource technology, vol.154, pp.131-137, 2014.

N. Wieczorek, M. A. Kucuker, and K. Kuchta, Microalgae-bacteria flocs (MaB-Flocs) as a substrate for fermentative biogas production, Bioresource Technology, vol.194, pp.130-136, 2015.

N. Wieczorek, M. A. Kucuker, and K. Kuchta, Fermentative hydrogen and methane production from microalgal biomass (Chlorella vulgaris) in a twostage combined process, Applied of Energy, vol.132, pp.108-117, 2014.

G. Yadav and R. Sen, Microalgal green refinery concept for biosequestration of carbon-dioxide vis-à-vis wastewater remediation and bioenergy production: Recent technological advances in climate research, Journal of CO2 Utilization, vol.17, pp.188-206, 2017.

G. Yadav, A. Karemore, S. K. Dash, and R. Sen, Performance evaluation of a green process for microalgal CO2 sequestration in closed photobioreactor using flue gas generated in-situ, Bioresource Technology, vol.191, pp.399-406, 2015.

H. W. Yen, I. C. Hu, C. Y. Chen, and J. S. Chang, Design of photobioreactors for algal cultivation, Biofuels from algae, pp.23-45, 2014.

V. Zachleder, K. Bi?ová, M. Vítová, ?. Kubín, and J. Hendrychová, Variety of cell cycle patterns in the alga Scenedesmus quadricauda (Chlorophyta) as revealed by application of illumination regimes and inhibitors, European Journal of Phycology, vol.37, pp.361-371, 2002.

C. Zamalloa, N. Boon, and W. Verstraete, Anaerobic digestibility of Scenedesmus obliquus and Phaeodactylum tricornutum under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, Applied Energy, vol.92, pp.733-738, 2012.

B. Zhao and Y. Su, Process effect of microalgal-carbon dioxide fixation and biomass production: a review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.31, pp.121-132, 2014.

D. Zhou, C. Zhang, L. Fu, L. Xu, X. Cui et al., Responses of the Microalga Chlorophyta sp. to Bacterial Quorum Sensing Molecules (N-Acylhomoserine Lactones): Aromatic Protein-Induced Self-Aggregation, Environmental science & Technology, vol.51, pp.3490-3498, 2017.

N. A. Zain, S. M. Suardi, and A. Idris, Résumé Résumé Le traitement biologique des eaux usées urbaines et industrielles reste une activité ayant un impact négatif sur l'environnement et sur le changement climatique par l'émission des gaz à effet de serre (GES), notamment le CO2. Les changements innovants au niveau des procédés de traitement des eaux usées par l'intégration des flocs de microalgues-bactéries ont abouti à des procédés multitrophiques sans apport d'O2 et sans dégagement du CO2. Il s'agit d'une étude de faisabilité de ces flocs-MaB pour la photobioremédiation des polluants (organiques et minéraux) et pour la production de biomasse valorisable en bioénergie dans le cadre de l'économie circulaire, En présence de la lumière, les flocs-MaB ont été intégrés dans des photobioréacteurs à biomasse fixe afin d'assurer un traitement durable des eaux usées grâce aux échanges symbiotiques entre les micro-oragnismes en terme de nutriments et de gaz, vol.50, pp.83-89, 2010.

, Par ailleurs, la biomasse multitrophique immobilisée sur des supports biodégradables d'olive (OPP) et sur des disques en Plexiglace a assuré une meilleure performance des bioréacteurs à lit fluidisé et à disques rotatifs, respectivement, pour la bioremédiation des eaux usées. Les propriétés des supports (porosité, rugosité et structure) et les comportements hydrodynamiques ont été contrôlés pour favoriser l'attachement des biofilms multitrophiques. Le développement de biofilm montre l'effet des interactions multitrophiques entre les microalgues et les bactéries sur l, L'encapsulation des flocs-MaB dans des billes de PVA-alginate a montré l'effet des conditions physico-chimiques et hydrodynamiques sur l'élimination des polluants et l'évolution multicellulaire des flocs au sein des réacteurs à multi-échelles

, Mots clés: Flocs de microalgues-bactéries, bioréacteurs multitrophiques, interactions symbiotiques, support biodégradables, économie circulaire, encapsulation, approche multiéchelle