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Ce plateau peut être expliqué par l'agglomération des nanoparticules, qui présentent alors une sévérité d'explosion similaires aux microparticules. La transition d'une limitation diffusionnelle pour de grosses particules vers une limitation réactionnelle pour de petites particules a également été démontrée, vers 30 µm pour des composés organiques (Eckhoff, 2003) et vers 10 µm pour des particules métalliques, 2010. ,
, De plus, en diminuant la taille de particules jusqu'à l'échelle nanométrique, la transition d'une diffusion de Mie vers une diffusion de Rayleigh induit des différences dans le transfert radiatif par rapport aux microparticules, impactant probablement la validité de la loi cubique, vol.3
, Ce chapitre est dédié à la caractérisation des poudres et des nuages associés et divisé en trois parties
, Une méthode de classification basée sur le calcul d'une surface spécifique volumique couplée à une analyse d'image a été appliquée pour vérifier que les poudres peuvent être considérées comme des nanomatériaux selon la définition de la Commission Européenne. A l'exception de la nanocellulose, pour laquelle des tests complémentaires ont été réalisés par la suite, toutes les poudres étudiées sont classifiées en tant que nanomatériaux. Des mesures de distribution de tailles de particules (DTP) ont été réalisées en voie liquide, ce qui est pratique mais d'un intérêt limité quand il s'agit de tester des poudres dispersées dans l'air, ainsi que par sédimentation en voie sèche afin d'estimer la DTP des agglomérats soumis à un faible cisaillement, une présentation des poudres considérées dans ce travail a été réalisée : nanocellulose, noirs de carbone, silicium enrobé de carbone et deux poudres d'aluminium