Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent women cancer in France with around 50,000 new cases each year. The breast cancer care is global and surgery is generally the first treatment of the procedure. A radical surgery is performed for 20% of them with or without an axillary node dissection. This surgery is mostly done with conventional hospitalization but can also be realized with ambulatory hospitalization in some centers and for selected patients. Methods: The aim of this prospective study from April 2016 to December 2017 is to assess the impact of the type of hospitalization on the life quality (EORTC QLQ30-BR23 form) at D+15, the anxiety at D-1 and D+1 (HADs), the satisfaction (OUT-Patsat 35 and IN-Patsat 32) at D+1 and the postoperative state at D+15. Results: 47 patients in ambulatory hospitalization and 51 in conventional hospitalization were included. The global health status was significantly better for outpatients, p-value adjusted = 0.005 with a difference between the two groups of 8.3. No significant difference between the two groups for anxiety, pain, lymphocele, and postoperative complications was found and no nausea and vomiting were found. The satisfaction was high for both groups. Conclusion: Breast radical ambulatory surgery can be performed in ambulatory hospitalization with no significant differences with a conventional hospitalization for the life quality, perioperative anxiety, patient satisfaction and postoperative complications. Anyway, our study seems to indicate that results are better for the ambulatory. We need to know if the type of hospitalization has a long-term impact on the pain and on the risk of lymphedema.