Excellent electrochemical performances of nanocast ordered mesoporous carbons based on tannin-related polyphenols as supercapacitor electrodes
Abstract
Hierarchically porous, oxygen-doped ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) were synthesised and compared for the first time from different types of plant-derived polyphenols through a nanocasting route: phloroglucinol, gallic acid, catechin and Mimosa tannin. All are secondary metabolites naturally occurring in various plant species and are available at low cost at the industrial scale. The infiltration was carried out in one single step without using toxic solvents or long polymerisation-stabilisation times. When applied as electrode materials for supercapacitors in 1M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte, those OMCs led to specific capacitances up to 277 F g-1 at 0.5 mV s-1 , high rate capabilities, good cycling stabilities up to 5000 cycles and maximum energy densities between 15 and 8 W h kg-1 under exceptionally high power outputs ranging from 200 W kg-1 to 22.1 kW kg-1 , respectively, in the range of current density of 0.1 12 A g-1. Moreover, the gallic acid-derived electrode exhibited the highest electrical conductivity and the fastest frequency response, making it an excellent candidate for high-power commercial devices.
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