A hybrid Mg-Al layered double hydroxide/graphene (LDH-GR) material nanostructure has been fabricated by employing the hydrothermal treatment at 140 degrees C for 10 h. Graphene oxide is simultaneously reduced to graphene during the hydrothermal treatment. The LDH and LDH-GR have high degree of crystallinity and assembled layer structure, which is attributed to electrostatic interaction mechanism. The obtained hybrid nanostructure materials can be used as flame retardant or conductor of electricity and heat due to the combination of different properties arising from graphene and LDH.