Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Incidence and Risk Stratification Among Natalizumab Users in France
Sandra Vukusic
(1, 2, 3)
,
Fabien Rollot
(2, 4, 5)
,
Romain Casey
(2, 4, 5)
,
Julie Pique
(2, 1)
,
Romain Marignier
(2, 1, 3)
,
Guillaume Mathey
(6, 7)
,
Gilles Edan
(8, 9)
,
David Brassat
(10)
,
Aurélie Ruet
(11)
,
Jérôme de Seze
(1)
,
Elisabeth Maillart
(12)
,
Hélène Zéphir
(13)
,
Pierre Labauge
(14)
,
Nathalie Derache
(15)
,
Christine Lebrun-Frenay
(16)
,
Thibault Moreau
(17)
,
Sandrine Wiertlewski
(18)
,
Eric Berger
(19)
,
Xavier Moisset
(20)
,
Audrey Rico-Lamy
(21, 22)
,
Bruno Stankoff
(23)
,
Caroline Bensa
(24)
,
Eric Thouvenot
(25, 26)
,
Olivier Heinzlef
(27)
,
Abdullatif Al-Khedr
(28)
,
Bertrand Bourre
(29)
,
Mathieu Vaillant
(30)
,
Philippe Cabre
(31)
,
Alexis Montcuquet
(32)
,
Abir Wahab
(33)
,
Jean-Philippe Camdessanché
(34)
,
Ayman Tourbah
(35)
,
Anne-Marie Guennoc
(36)
,
Karolina Hankiewicz
(37)
,
Ivania Patry
(38)
,
Chantal Nifle
(39)
,
Nicolas Maubeuge
(40)
,
Céline Labeyrie
(41)
,
Patrick Vermersch
(13)
,
David-Axel Laplaud
(18)
1
Service de Neurologie [Lyon]
2 UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
3 CRNL - Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center
4 HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon
5 Fondation Eugène Devic EDMUS
6 APEMAC - Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation
7 Service de neurologie [CHRU Nancy]
8 Service de neurologie [Rennes]
9 CIC - Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes]
10 Neurologie vasculaire, pathologie neuro-dégénérative et explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux [Toulouse]
11 Neuroinflammation: imagerie et thérapie de la sclérose en plaques
12 CHU ST-E - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne]
13 INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation - U 1286
14 Département de neurologie [Montpellier]
15 CHU Caen
16 Department of Neurology
17 Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon)
18 U1064 Inserm - CRTI - Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie
19 Service de Neurologie [CHRU Besançon]
20 Neuro-Dol - Neuro-Dol
21 TIMONE - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM]
22 AMU - Aix Marseille Université
23 ICM - Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute
24 Service de Neurologie [CHU Nice]
25 CHU Nîmes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes
26 IGF - Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle
27 CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain
28 CHU Amiens-Picardie
29 Service de Neurologie
30 UGA UFRM - Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine
31 Department of Neurology
32 Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges]
33 Service de neurologie [Mondor]
34 Service de Neurologie
35 Service de neurologie [Reims]
36 Service de Neurologie [Tours]
37 Service de neurologie [CH Saint Denis]
38 Hôpital Sud Francilien Corbeil Essonne
39 CHV - Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot
40 Service de neurologie [Poitiers]
41 Service de neurologie [Le Kremlin Bicêtre]
2 UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
3 CRNL - Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center
4 HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon
5 Fondation Eugène Devic EDMUS
6 APEMAC - Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation
7 Service de neurologie [CHRU Nancy]
8 Service de neurologie [Rennes]
9 CIC - Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes]
10 Neurologie vasculaire, pathologie neuro-dégénérative et explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux [Toulouse]
11 Neuroinflammation: imagerie et thérapie de la sclérose en plaques
12 CHU ST-E - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne]
13 INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation - U 1286
14 Département de neurologie [Montpellier]
15 CHU Caen
16 Department of Neurology
17 Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon)
18 U1064 Inserm - CRTI - Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie
19 Service de Neurologie [CHRU Besançon]
20 Neuro-Dol - Neuro-Dol
21 TIMONE - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM]
22 AMU - Aix Marseille Université
23 ICM - Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute
24 Service de Neurologie [CHU Nice]
25 CHU Nîmes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes
26 IGF - Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle
27 CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain
28 CHU Amiens-Picardie
29 Service de Neurologie
30 UGA UFRM - Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine
31 Department of Neurology
32 Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges]
33 Service de neurologie [Mondor]
34 Service de Neurologie
35 Service de neurologie [Reims]
36 Service de Neurologie [Tours]
37 Service de neurologie [CH Saint Denis]
38 Hôpital Sud Francilien Corbeil Essonne
39 CHV - Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot
40 Service de neurologie [Poitiers]
41 Service de neurologie [Le Kremlin Bicêtre]
Sandra Vukusic
Connectez-vous pour contacter l'auteur
- Function : Correspondent author
- PersonId : 740274
- IdHAL : adil-maarouf
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6755-496X
- IdRef : 164833250
Connectez-vous pour contacter l'auteur
Romain Casey
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 929973
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5918-9261
Romain Marignier
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1194084
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5967-2800
Gilles Edan
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 838812
David Brassat
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 773701
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6430-305X
Pierre Labauge
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 759958
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7759-8555
- IdRef : 059860367
Christine Lebrun-Frenay
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 770285
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3713-2416
- IdRef : 074517929
Sandrine Wiertlewski
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1128724
- IdRef : 080653448
Xavier Moisset
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 769113
- IdHAL : xavier-moisset
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8799-0750
Bruno Stankoff
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1146488
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9631-4674
- IdRef : 070067988
Eric Thouvenot
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1037455
- IdHAL : ericthouvenot
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8671-7747
- IdRef : 094970920
Jean-Philippe Camdessanché
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 775005
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5282-6707
Patrick Vermersch
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 762778
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0997-8817
Abstract
Importance:Risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is the major barrier to using natalizumab for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, the association of risk stratification with PML incidence has not been evaluated.Objective:To describe the temporal evolution of PML incidence in France before and after introduction of risk minimization recommendations in 2013.Design, Setting, and Participants:This observational study used data in the MS registry OFSEP (Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques) collected between April 15, 2007, and December 31, 2016, by participating MS expert centers and MS-dedicated networks of neurologists in France. Patients with an MS diagnosis according to current criteria, regardless of age, were eligible, and those exposed to at least 1 natalizumab infusion (n = 6318) were included in the at-risk population. A questionnaire was sent to all centers, asking for a description of their practice regarding PML risk stratification. Data were analyzed in July 2018.Exposures:Time from the first natalizumab infusion to the occurrence of PML, natalizumab discontinuation plus 6 months, or the last clinical evaluation.Main Outcomes and Measures:Incidence was the number of PML cases reported relative to the person-years exposed to natalizumab. A Poisson regression model for the 2007 to 2016 period estimated the annual variation in incidence and incidence rate ratio (IRR), adjusted for sex and age at treatment initiation and stratified by period (2007-2013 and 2013-2016).Results:In total, 6318 patients were exposed to natalizumab during the study period, of whom 4682 (74.1%) were female, with a mean (SD [range]) age at MS onset of 28.5 (9.1 [1.1-72.4]) years; 45 confirmed incident cases of PML were diagnosed in 22 414 person-years of exposure. The crude incidence rate for the whole 2007 to 2016 period was 2.00 (95% CI, 1.46-2.69) per 1000 patient-years. Incidence significantly increased by 45.3% (IRR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.15-1.83; P = .001) each year before 2013 and decreased by 23.0% (IRR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.97; P = .03) each year from 2013 to 2016.Conclusions and Relevance:The results of this study suggest, for the first time, a decrease in natalizumab-associated PML incidence since 2013 in France that may be associated with a generalized use of John Cunningham virus serologic test results; this finding appears to support the continuation and reinforcement of educational activities and risk-minimization strategies in the management of disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis.